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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define Acute illness vs Chronic illness (w/examples)
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-acute: severe symptoms short lived (sudden onset, subside quickly, can lead to chronic) Common cold, appendicitus
-chronic: gradual development long lived (requires med attn, maybe for entire life); diabetes, HTN, parkinson |
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Explain the five stages of illness: I: Disbelief and Denial, II: Irritability and Anger, III Attempting to gain control, IV: Depression and Despair, V: Acceptance and Participation
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-defense mech to avoid anxiety and fear -body is not performing like it should>>anger -seek treatment,(OTC, doctor, remedy) maybe further denial -mood from altered lifestyle, wellbeing, discomfort -reality acknowledged, participate in treatment
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Identify the traditional sick role as theorized by Talcott Parons (5). Thus sick role behavior is? (3)
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-exempt from social responsibility, not expected to care for self, should want to get well, should seek medical advice, should cooperate with med experts -dependent, passive, submissive
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Personality Characteristics: explain Hardiness, Resilience
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-function of resistance to stressful life events(can better manage and have less illness)
-pattern of successful adaptation despite challenging or threatening circumstances (temperament, cognitive style, personality, support factors) |
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What is cultural competence? Give the six possible problems that can compromise nursing care?
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-knowledge about cultural influence that u can use to plan appropriate approaches -stereotyping, communication difficulty, personal space, different roles/expectation, enthopharmacological consideration, ethnocentrism (view own culture as superior)
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What is moral distress? (example)
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-pain or anguish affecting mind, body, relationships in response an awareness of a moral problem (infant life support, nurse knows baby will die, but parents want to continue)
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If personal values are in conflict with professional values, what should be kept in mind? If you can't cope?
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-professional ethics should outweigh personal ethics no matter what. - find work where your ethics isn't challenged
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Explain each of the following ethical principes: Autonomy, Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Justice, Fidelity, Veracity
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-individual determines and has freedom to decide their own actions -promoting good for others -prevent or avoid doing harm (unintent/intent) -treat clients fairly without regard to age, SES, etc. -faithful to commitments (confidentiality, trust, whistle blow, promises) -telling truth, not lying or withholding.
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Explain the following: Government agencies(4), not-for profit(4), profit health (examples? (5)
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-focus on health of all US citizens, research, funding health care training, community programs -use profits to pay personnel, improve/advertise service, educational programs, contribute to mission statement
-distribute profits to partners or shareholders home healthcare, hospital, specialty clinics, heart hospitals, and rehab centers |
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What is medicare? medicaid? Which agency directs these types of healthcare?
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-federal health insurance program for people over 65, regardless of income (also some disabled)
-federal-state programs for low income, elder, blind, and disabled -Federal government(social security act) |
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Explain the following nursing care delivery models: Functional nursing, team nursing, primary nursing,
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-organized and distributing tasks of available staff(1950s, unprofessional) -nursing teams w/staff of different skill levels delegated to certain patients(RN, LVN, CNA) -identified nurse for every patient during hospital stay for consistent care(CCU, burn unit)
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Explain the following nursing care delivery models:case management nursing, patient centered care
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-improve cost effective pt care, oversee pt care and manage delivery of svcs
-pt's right to individualized care through team of professionals, pt's need priority over institution. |
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What is primary care services? Secondary? Tertiary?
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-pt first enters health care in providers office/clinic (dr office, ER, community health, outpatient) -prevention of complications from disease including medical intervention/hospitilization(skilled nursing, ambulatory care)
-referral centers for acutely ill patients requiring long term care(rehab) (trauma, burn center, pedi hospital) |
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Explain the following roles and responsibilities: Chief Nursing Officer, Chief of Staff, CEO
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-broad decision making for organization, responsible for overseeing all nursing care in institution
-works with CEO and admin to make decisions about med policy and physician discipline, rotated elected position as head doctor -responsible for overall operation on daily basis (runs efficiently, cost effective, carry out policies) |
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What is the purpose of quality departments? Explain functions of Accreditation of health care agencies, Improvement programs
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-ensure maintenance of quality standards.
-makes sure hospitals adhere to standards (joint commision, HFAP) -internal strategy to work toward improvement in patient outcomes, responsibilities for outside agencies, establish procedures for ensuring quality outcomes |
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Define health care disparities? Give examples. How can disparities be enforced?
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-differences in quality of health care provided to different populations -ethnic disparities, gender, age, income, education, etc. -civil rights law, courts, legsilature
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Describe the patient advocate role of the nurse?
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-cut through levels of bureaucracy of health care orgs and stand up for patient rights for their best interest(I.e- patients see family for 10 minutes each hour in hospital)
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What is the estimated cost of health care as of 2007? How does the nurse manage health care costs?
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-2.2 trillion(16% gross domestic product), -become cost conscious (equipment/disposable used in clinic), promote cost by providing excellent care, advocate for pt financial needs
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What are some other ways nurse can cut costs?
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-question repeat/unneeded lab results, suggest generic drug names, teach health, prevent infections, prevent falls, use evidence based
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Explain the theories of the following Grand theorists: Imogene King, Dorothea Orem, Sister Callista Roy
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-interacting systems, goal attainment: focuses on persons, their interpersonal relationships and social contexts
-Self care model: three interrelated theories: self care, self care deficit, theory of nursing system (pts want to be in control of care -Adaptation model: focus on individual as biophsychosocial adaptive system(human adaptive coping), need to alter environment |
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Define theory, constructs, and concepts
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-identify and express key ideas about essence of practice;abstract/specific; grand, middle, practice
-unmeasurable abstractions need to be broken down into concepts (self care, behavior, pain) -word expressing mental image or phenomenon (describes exact idea, pain intensity, weight, self-esteem) |