Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Know the Religious Hearths
|
Semitic - Judaism, Christianity, Islam
Indus - Hinduism, Buddhism |
|
Universal religion vs. Ethnic Religion
|
Universal - actively seeks new members and aims to convert everyone (Islam, Christianity)
Ethnic - Identified with a particular ethnic group or tribal group and doesn't seek converts |
|
Example of Ethnic Religion
|
Judaism
|
|
Animism
|
Belief that inanimate objects possess souls
|
|
Orthodox Religious Tradition
|
Emphasize purity of faith and are generally not open to blending with other belief systems
|
|
What is the fastest growing religion?
|
Islam
|
|
monotheism vs. polytheism
|
Mono - the belief in one god
Poly - belief in many gods |
|
Islam's branches and which is the most popular
|
Sunni - most popular
Shiite |
|
What state is the core area of Mormonism?
|
Utah
|
|
What is the holiest place on earth for Muslims?
|
Mecca, Saudi Arabia
|
|
Why is there an absence of swine in North Africa and the Middle East?
|
Because the Islamic and Jewish traditions ban the consumption of pork.
|
|
What is a pilgrimage?
|
A journey to a sacred place
|
|
What is the holy river to the Hindus?
|
The Ganges River
|
|
How did Holy Communion affect grape growing?
|
Raising and harvesting grapes spread beyond the Mediterranean as the religion spread.
|
|
What does ecotheology study?
|
The role of religion in habitat modification
|
|
How do buildings devoted to worship differ?
|
In size, architectural style, construction material, degree of ornamentation, etc.
|
|
Define agriculture
|
The cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain nourishment or economic gain.
|
|
How does % of work force involved in agriculture differ among the LDCs and MDCs?
|
The higher percentage of work force needed to maintain a location's agriculture, the lower the technological level of that location.
|
|
Why does agriculture vary around the world?
|
Physical environment, technology, and culture.
|
|
Subsistence vs. commercial agriculture
|
Sub - production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer's family
Com - production of food for profit |
|
Know the agricultural types associated with low-income economy countries
|
Swidden Cultivation, Nomadic Herding, Padding Farming/Peasant Grain, Root and Livestock Farming
|
|
Define swidden cultivation
|
clear land for planting by slashing down the existing vegetation, providing nutrient for the soil.
|
|
Define Nomadic Herding
|
Moving herd of domesticated animals in search of forage as seasons change
|
|
Define Paddy Rice Farming/Peasant Grain, Root and Livestock Farming
|
Systems which farmers use a large amount of effort to produce large yields of crop
|
|
Know the agriculture types associated with high-income economy countries.
|
Market Gardening, Livestock Fattening, Grain Farming, Dairying, and Livestock Ranching
|
|
Define Market gardening.
|
Farming devoted to specialized fruit, vegetable or vine crops for sale rather than consumption
|
|
Define Livestock Fattening
|
Commercial agriculture that produces fattened cattle and hogs for meat (Cornbelt of the Midwest)
|
|
Define grain farming
|
specialized agriculture in which farmers primarily grow wheat, rice or corn for commercial markets.
|
|
Define dairying
|
Keeping of dairy cows for pastures; resembles livestock fattening.
|
|
Define Livestock ranching.
|
Different than nomadic farming; fixed area where livestock is raised for commercial market, not subsistence
|
|
Traits of the different types of agriculture covered in powerpoint (including aquaculture)
|
Growing things faster, bigger and cheaper; usually harsh on environment; corporately-owned
|
|
What is a suitcase farm?
|
A farm on which no one lives; planting and harvesting is done by fired migratory crews
|
|
Effects of the use of seed hybrids
|
Globalized food can become susceptible to a single disease; ability to transform geographic patterns of agricultural production on a global scale
|
|
Traits of hunter-gatherers
|
Hunting wild animals and/or gathering wild plants; migration would greatly depend on where the wild fame was or where the plants were located
|
|
What were the problems with the Green Revolution?
|
Extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, increasing ecological damage; the poorer farmers were not able to afford the chemicals other could, creating an even bigger gap in the farming economy
|
|
What are the traits of agribusiness?
|
Farming system totally commercial, large-scale and mechanized, dependent on chemicals, hybrid seeds and genetic engineering.
|
|
What are some example of multinational powers involved in agribusiness?
|
The 5 biggest hybrid vegetable seed suppliers control 75% of global market; the 10 largest agrochemical manufacturers command 85% of world supply.
|
|
The traditional American family farm is being replaced by which type of enterprise?
|
Commercial farming
|
|
What role does relocation diffusion play in distribution of crops?
|
When European exploration and colonialism redistributed crops on global scale; once regional crops were now being grown in new lands
|
|
What is a migrant worker?
|
An individual working outside of their home country; critical factor in large-scale commercial agriculture
|
|
What is genetically modified food?
|
Food produced from genetically modified organisms that have had their DNA altered through genetic engineering
|
|
What are some concerns with livestock production?
|
water contamination, deforestation, methane, spread of disease, desertification
|
|
What are biofuels?
|
Energy derived from biological matter, like corn or fossil fuel
|
|
What was the big picture idea of King Korn?
|
Who are our current agricultural systems benefiting the most?
|
|
What are the criticisms of the Rostow economic model?
|
-Countries do not develop in isolation from each other
-Countries attempt to sabotage their rivals' economic development -Is "high mass consumption" even the highest level of development for a society? |
|
What are the economic characteristics of developing nations?
|
-Subsistence activities
-May include manufacturing & service activities -Inability to accumulate wealth -Lower Gross Domestic Product |
|
What are some examples of primary industry?
|
Extraction of natural resources; fishing, farming, hunting, lumbering, oil extraction, mining
|
|
What are some examples of secondary industry?
|
Processing of raw materials ; ore converted to steel; logs milled to lumber; fish processed and canned
|
|
Define Industrial Revolution
|
A technological movement that started in England and resulted in a boom; traveled to the U.S. in the mid 1800's
|
|
Acid rain is caused by...?
|
Fossil fuels are burned in factories and vehicle exhaust, creating sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides which get flushed from the atmosphere by precipitation.
|
|
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin in the early 1700s?
|
England
|
|
What is uneven development?
|
Increasing gap in economic conditions among regions in the core and the periphery; industrial core gets richer while the less industrialized periphery gets poorer
|
|
What is Deindustrialization?
|
The decline and fall of once prosperous factory and mining areas
|
|
What is a transnational corporation?
|
Companies that have international production, marketing and management facilities (U.S. using Mexican companies and workers for cheaper labor)
|
|
What are "footloose" industries?
|
Industries that are reliant on a large pool of workers; shift location in search of cheapest labor
|
|
Advocates of free trade believe...
|
Tariffs should be done away with
|
|
What are tariffs?
|
Taxes on imports
|
|
Define sustainability
|
Providing current needs without compromising the needs of future generations
|