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278 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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why was the national commissions of fire prevention and control established
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to determine how to reduce fire loss |
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a department type is determined by how
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an organization is funded |
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which of the following is a result of the Iroquois Theater Fire, Chicago 1903 |
panic hardware on exit doors |
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which of the following duties is the responsibility of the public works division |
provide sand for containing spills
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the broad category for personnel that deliver emergency services directly to external customers is
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line |
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what type of company protects structures in the wildland/urban interface? |
brush company |
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which of the following staff positions is responsible for maintaining municipal fire alarm systems according to the requirements of NFPA 72? |
fire alarm maintenance personnel |
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what part of the fire service is composed of a variety of companies located in a response area? |
battalion |
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the all-hazards approach means the fire service |
provides a variety of services in the community |
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what is the main duty of a firefighter 1? |
perform assigned tasks under supervision |
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which of the following positions is responsible of monitoring operational safety according to the requirements of the NFPA 1521?
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fire department incident safety officer
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what cultural strength in the fire service is based on the feelings of self-respect and personal worth? |
pride |
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a(an)_________ is a collection of rules enacted by law in a particular jurisdiction |
code |
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which of the following is the BEST action to take when approached by media while on-scene?
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direct them to Public information officer |
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which of the following types of staffing performs required functions for minimal or no pay?
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volunteer |
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what is the first recommended step in locating information in departmental documents?
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ask your supervisor
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which of the following positions is trained in the operation of aerial devices according to the requirements of NFPA 1002?
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fire apparatus driver |
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What type of company performs fire suppression duties at structure, vehicle, wildland and other types of fires? |
engine company |
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when was the first fire engine purchased in colonial north America? |
1653 |
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A (an)_______ is a set of principles or procedures developed by consensus. |
standard |
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what is the mission of the fire service? |
to save lives and protect property |
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what organization formed in 1896 develops codes and standards to ensure fire and life safety for the public? |
National fire protection association |
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which of the following is a result of the cocoanut Grove Nightclub fire, Boston Massachusetts (1942)? |
increased fire and life safety requirements in assembly type occupancies |
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advanced emergency medical care for critical an emergent patients |
paramedic
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which federal law affects hiring practices and building accessibility?
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Americans with disabilities act |
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which of the following organizations may be an agency of the authority having jurisdictions (AHJ) or privately owned?
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emergency medical services |
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which of the following positions belongs to the fire prevention division?
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fire and arson investigator |
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what type of company is responsible for forcible entry?
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truck company
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which of the following fie service organizational principles is described as a formal line of authority? |
chain of command
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which of the following is a cultural challenge in the fire service?
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differences of personal characteristics
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a (an)_____ is a guide to decision making in an organization
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policy |
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Which of the following fire service organizational principles works to prevent duplication of effort?
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division of labor
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a (an) ________ is a written stepbystep plan of action
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procedure |
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What NFPA standard establishes basic training criteria for firefighter 1 and firefighter II
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1001 |
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Which of the following is a common safety measure taken when ridiing on a fire apparatus?
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secure all loose tools and equipment |
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which of the following is a one way firefighters can reduce exposure to carcinogens present in fires?
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clean helmet liners |
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which NFPA standard defines safe training practices and programs? |
1403 |
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establishes the design criteria for protective clothing and equipment |
1977
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firefighter should ______ and put all tools in a ready state before storing.
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inspect and clean |
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which of the following is a goal of fire department safety and health programs? |
equipment |
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Which of the following best descries the case of apparatus collisions a driver/operator is not responsible for?
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reckless driving by the public |
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The distance the apparatus travels from when the driver/operator realizes the need to stop, until the driver/operator's foot touches the brake pedal is... |
called driver-reaction distance |
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acute illness
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short term |
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chronic illness |
long lasting |
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firefighters are at risk? |
exposure to smoke an chemicals |
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Which of the following best describes all the factors taken into account when establishing on-scene control zones? |
work area needed, hazard present, weather conditions
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which of the following is the BEST description of the main cause of injuries suffered in fire stations and facilities?
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unsafe behavior |
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Which of the following commonly causes slips, trips, and falls in the fire station? |
cluttered surfaces |
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which of the following is a minimum requirement for protective clothing and equipment as established by NFPA 1500? |
cluttered surfaces
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which of the following is a minimum requirement for protective clothing and equipment as established by NFPA 1500?
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protective equipment must meet current NFPA design standard
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When driving a fire apparatus, driver/operators should remember safe driving begins
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before leaving the station |
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the risk management model assumes that responders will risk their lives ________ to save savable lives
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a lot |
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Which of the following is a way t prevent accidents with power saws?
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keep blades and cutting chains well sharpened |
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what is the goal of the International Association of Fire Chiefs annual safety stand-down?
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to focus on firefighter safety
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the concept of risk management is based on an assessment of benefits gained compared to the ________
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risks involved
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Which of the following is the only exception to the rule: never stand on or in moving apparatus?
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When loading hose and apparatus is moving forward at 5 mph or less
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In 2010 the leading causes of fire fatalities were
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stress and overexertion |
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Which of the following illnesses can result in headaches, nausea, and weakness in legs?
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stress-induced hypertension |
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Which NFPA standard sets requirements for care and maintenance of personal and respiratory protection equipment?
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1851 |
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The unique characteristic of a fire apparatus can |
make more difficult to handle |
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any power tool not marked double insulated should:
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have a three-prong plug
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the area that must be kept clear in case a piece of a structure collapses during an incident is called the |
collapse zone |
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Which NFPA standard specifies the minimum requirement for department safety and health programs?
|
1500
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Which personnel accountability system uses an accountability officer to track expected exit times based on the pressure of the team's lowest SCBA reading? |
SCBA tag system
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which of the following is an injury cost carried by an individual?
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physical pain |
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When operating at roadside incident, ensure that floodlights are deployed to direct light down o the scene without.
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blinding passing motorists
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What best summarizes a benefit of the national Incident Management System (NIMS)
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provides consistent framework for agencies from multiple jurisdictions to operate together |
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Which of the following is the best way to exhibit safe behavior during training?
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remain focused on training exercises at all times
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Which of the following best describes ways to prevent back and leg strains?
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lift with straight back and use legs |
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Which of the following must a fir departments safety and health program address?
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all anticipated hazards to which members may be exposed. |
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NFPA 1500 requires that departments develop _______, including an annual medical verification of duty fitness
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physical performance standards for personnel participating in emergency operations
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When operating at an emergency scene, why should a firefighter scan the outside of a building before entry?
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the goal of the national fallen firefighters foundation is to reduce fatalities by twenty-five percent within five years and by ______ in ten years
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50% |
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NFPA 1403 |
states live fire training must be conducted in according to this NFPA standard |
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According to NFPA 1500 emergency operations are limited to
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those that can be safely conducted by personnel on scene |
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Which of th following best describes the purpose of personal protective equipment (PPE)
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designed to minimize risk of injury or fatality |
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structural fire fighting protective clothing must meet what NFPA standard |
1971 |
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which of the following best describes why personal protective equipment (PPE) should never be altered
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may void manufacturers warranty and endanger lives |
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Which of the following best describes a design limitation of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE)
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prevents heat transfer way from body |
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what part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) prevents scalding water and embers from reaching the ears and neck? |
helmets |
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what part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) is intended for use in combination with a primary form of eye protection |
helmet-mounted faceshields
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What part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) is designed to fit inside a protective coat?
|
protective hoods |
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which of the following best describes why the liner should never be removed form a protective coat |
it compromises the design and increase the likelihood of injuries |
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which of the following structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) components must allow enough dexterity and tactile feel to perform the job required?
|
protective gloves |
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what part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment (PPE) must be high enough to protect he lower leg? |
protective footwear |
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what part of structural fire fighting personal protective equipment is worn when noise exceed maximum noise exposure levels?
|
hearing protection devices |
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protective equipment is useful in total darkness and confined spaces |
personal alert safety systems
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which NFPA standard outlines the specification for wildland personal protective clothing?
|
1977 |
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what part of wildland personal protective equipment must meet the requirements of ANSI Z87.1 |
goggles |
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Steel toe boots are not recommended for wildland protective clothing because they
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absorb and retain heat
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hat piece of personal protective equipment (PPE) can be worn to increase visibility at roadway incidents |
traffic vest with retroreflective trim |
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what component of emergency medical protective clothing may be dual certified for use in the station as well
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footwear |
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Which of the following types of special protective clothing requires a personal flotation device
|
ice rescue |
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which of the following types of special protective clothing is designed as similar to structural personal protective equipment (PPE) but with an aluminized outer shell? |
proximity fire fighting |
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which NFPA standard specifies requirements for station/work uniforms |
1975 |
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One-hundred percent cotton underwear is recommended for station/work uniforms to prevents |
burns |
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which of the following best describes the frequency with with personal protective equipment (PPE) should be inspected |
at the beginning of shift and after every use.
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Where might a firefighter find wear due to friction during a routine personal protective equipment (PPE) insection
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under arms, in crotch , at knees and elbow joints |
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the type of cleaning required for personal protective equipment (PPE) is determined by |
amount and type of contamination |
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what type of NFPA defined cleaning may be done in a washing machind designed to handle heavy loads?
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advanced |
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damaged equipment marked for training can be used in |
non-live fire training |
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moisture in the shell and liner material of personal protective equipment (PPE) could result in
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serious steam burns |
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what is the minimum overlap between coat and trousers when the wearer is bent over to a 90 degree angle? |
2 inches
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what action should a firefighter take if thermal radiant heat burns develop while wearing personal protective equipment (PPE)
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withdraw from area immediately
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which of the following respiratory hazards causes superheated air to |
elevated temperatures
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what two respiratory hazards are responsible for the majority of fire-related fatalities
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carbon monoxide and hydrogen cynaide |
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particulate (HEPA) filters |
Airborne pathogens |
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which of the following best describes when SARs are used |
for confined space rescues and technical rescue incidents |
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an open-circuit SCBA air cylinder control valve should be _____ when in use
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opened fully |
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which part of the facepiece assembly releases exhaled air without admitting in the contaminated outside atmosphere |
exhalation valve |
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which part of the facepiece assembly is made of clear safety plastic and mounted in a flexible rubber frame? |
facepiece frame |
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which of following SCBA components warn when the systems is reaching 20-25% of cylinder capacity?
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end-of-service-time indicators |
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which of the following types or respiratory protection uses visual ESTIs only?
|
air- purifying respirators |
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which of the following APR effectiveness clues is monitored by being aware of how labored a firefighter's breathing is |
resistance to breathing indicators |
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which of the following limitations of respiratory protection may cause the wearer to deplete the air supply rapidly |
psychological limitations
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which of the following limitations of respiratory protection may affect the ability to get a complete facepiece seal
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unique facial features |
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which of the following limitations of respiratory protection is created by the weight and resistance of harness straps |
decreased mobility |
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which of the following limitations of respiratory protection is caused by fogging in the facepiece
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limited visibility |
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which of the following best describes the factors respiratory equipment must protected from during storage |
contamination, temperature changes, ultraviolet light
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when donning SCBA all straps on the harness assembly and facepiece should be
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fully extended |
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which NFPA standard requires seat-mounted SCBA be held in pace by a mechanical latching device |
1901 |
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exposure to weather and physical hazards is a potential disadvantage for what type SCBA mount |
rear external mount |
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compartment doors may interfere with what type of SCBA mount |
backup mount |
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Before doffing SCBA, ensure you are out of the contaminated area nd |
SCBA is no longer required
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which NFPA standard establishes the inspection period for protective breathing appartus
|
1852 |
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which piece of protective breathing apparatus has the frae checked weekly for deterioration, dirt, and cracks |
facepiece |
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which piece of protective breathing apparatus has the hand wheel checked for damaged during weekly inspection |
breathing air cyclinder assembly |
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which piece of protective breathing apparatus is checked for any usual sounds during operation |
regulator |
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soot can reduce visibility on what piece of protective breathing apparatus |
facepiece |
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which types of SCBA air cylinder are tested very five years
|
steel and aluminum |
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any source used to refill SCBA must provide what type of air quality |
type 1 grade D |
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which type of fill station is designed to refill SCBA at emergency incidents |
mobile fill stations |
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which of the following best describes when an SCBA cyclinder needs to be replaced |
during inspection if cylinder contains less than 90% of capacity |
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which of the following est describes SCBA safety precaustions to take in an IDLH atmosphere? |
work in teams of two or more |
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which of the following is a nonemergency exit indicator? |
Assignment completed |
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which of the following is a nonemergency exit indicator |
situation is stabilized |
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which of the following is an emergency exit indicator |
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which of the following would be an emergency exit indicator
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change in oxygen level |
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a firefighter experiences light-headedness, disorientation and rapid fatigue mot likely has
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an oxygen deficiency |
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which nonemergency exit technique may require a second team member to remain outside monitoring a search line?
|
buddy system |
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which nonemergency exit technique should be practiced in training until it is second nature |
controlled breathing. |
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Which of the following bst describes how understanding the physical science of fire can help firefighters
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behavior |
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which of the following terms refers to a substance remaining chemically the same, but changing in size, shape or appearance |
physical change
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a substance changes from one type of matter to another, it has had a
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chemical reaction
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which of the following represents the amount of energy that an object can release in the future? |
potential
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the energy possessed by a moving object is called |
kinetic energy |
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the potential chemical energy of fuel in fire behavior is converted to |
thermal energy |
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what type of reaction absorbs energy as it occurs?
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endothermic |
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what type of reaction releases energy in the form of heat and sometimes light? |
exothermic |
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the process of ignition causes pyrolysis in soli and _________ fuels and liquid fuels |
vaporization |
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what is the most common form of ignition |
piloted |
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what mode of combustion produces a smoldering glow in a materials surface |
nonflaming |
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in what mode of comubstion is a visible flame produced |
flaming |
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what are the elements necessary to create fire in themodel represented by the fire triangle?
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fuel, oxygen and heat |
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which of the followig best descries what the fire tetrahedron represents |
an uninhibited chemical chain reaction (self-sustaining) |
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what type f comubstion occurs when burning is localized on or near a fuel's surface?
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nonflaming |
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what product of combustion may heat adjacent fuels, making them susceptible to ignition?
|
thermal energy |
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what product of combustion causes the most fire deaths |
toxic smoke |
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what product of combustion is the most common product in structure fires?
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carbon monoxide |
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which of the following best describes why firefighters must use SCBA during overhaul?
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volume and density of smoke may be reduced, but the hazard is not eliminated |
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h of the following best describes kinetic energy transfer?
|
it moves form high-temperature to low-temperature substances |
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what source of thermal energy is the most common source of heat in combustion reactions? |
chemical energy |
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which of the following sources of energy is a form of oxidation?
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self-heating |
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what method of electrical energy occurs when a high-temperature luminous discharge crosses a gaP? |
arcing |
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what method of heat transfer occurs when a material is heated as the result of direct contact with a heat source? |
conduction |
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what heat ranfer method usually occurs through movement of hot smoke and fire gasses?
|
convection
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what method of heat transfer can become the dominant mode as the fire grows in size?
|
radiation
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which of the following best describes the influence of exposures surfaces on radiant heat?
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dark materials emit and absorb heat more effectively than light materials. |
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which type of fuel does not contain carbon?
|
inorganic |
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of the following terms is the total amount of energy released when a specific amount of fuel is burned
|
heat of combustion |
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heat release rate is usually expressed in which of the following measurements?
|
Killowatts (KW) |
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what type of fuel can be the most dangerous of all the types
|
gaseous |
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what type of fuel has mass an volume but no definite shape |
gaseous
|
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at type of fuel has mass an volume but no definite shape?
|
liquid |
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liquids with a specific gravity of less than 1 will |
float on the surface |
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which of the following best describes what vapor pressure indicates? |
how easily a substance will evaporate
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which of the following terms is the minimum temperature at which a liquid give off sufficient vapors to ignite, but still not sustain combustion ? |
flash point |
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what term is used to describe the extent to which a substance will mix with water
|
solubility
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what type of fuel has a definite size and shape?
|
solid |
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which of the following terms is used to refer to the process that can generate sufficient quantities of burnable vapors to ignite in the presence of a sufficient oxidizer |
pyrolysis
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fuel particles become smaller as the ratio of surface to mass
|
increases |
|
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the primary oxidizing agent in most fires is |
oxygen |
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which of the following best describes the impact of higher oxygen concentration on combustion |
materials burn more intensely |
|
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the term defines the minimum concentration of fuel vapor and air that supports combustion
|
lower flammable limit |
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which of the following best describes the compete oxidation of methane?
|
it produces carbon dioxide and water
|
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which of the following best describes the impact of an extinguishing agent when trying to extinguish flaming combustion
|
it interferes with the chemical reaction
|
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which of the following fire development factors affects heat release rate?
|
fuel type |
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what fire development factor is based on considering how the volume of air will impact radiated heat in a fire |
compartment volume and ceiling height
|
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what form of compartment fire is controlled by the availability of oxygen and the configuration of fuel
|
fuel-controlled |
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what thermal property of a compartment contains heat within the compartment, causing localized increase in temperature |
insulation |
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temperature, strong winds, and wind direction |
ambient conditions |
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in what stage is fire development largely dependent on the characteristics and configuration of the fuel involved?
|
incipient |
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which of the following affects the amount of air entrained in the plume during the growth stage
|
location of fuel package
|
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which of the following is defined as the tendency of gases to form into layers according to temperature?
|
thermal layering |
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the neutral plane in the growth stage is the |
interface of hot and cool layers at an opening |
|
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isolated flames in the gas layer during growth stage indicates |
that portions of the layer are within flammable range |
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what stage of fire development occurs when all the combustible materials in a compartment are burning?
|
fully developed |
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what fire stage occurs as the tue is consumed and oxygen concentration falls
|
decay |
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what type of rapid fire development happens when all the combustible materials and gases in a compartment ignite almost simultaneously
|
flashover |
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what common element of flashover represents the shift from growth stage to fully developed stage? |
transition in fire development |
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which of the following is a heat indicator of a possible flashover? |
darkened windows |
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the ignition of unburned fire gases at the top of the compartment is known as
|
rollover |
|
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what aspect of fire development is a result of an increase in low-level ventilation prior to upper level ventilation? |
backdraft |
|
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which of the following is a building indicator for a possible backdraft? |
fire confined to a void space
|
|
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which of the following is a heat indicator for a possible backdraft
|
smoke stained windows |
|
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what type of rapid fire development occurs as unburned fuel gases contact an ignition source? |
smoke explosion |
|
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what is the most common method used in fire fighting operations |
temperature reduction |
|
|
water is converted to steam at
|
212 degrees F |
|
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what method of fire suppression is the simplest? |
fuel removal |
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what fire-suppression method does NOT work if fuel is self-oxidizing? |
oxygen exclusion |
|
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what suppression method uses extinguishing agents to stop flame production |
chemical flam inhibition |
|
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what fire behavior can be the result of wind from outside the structure? |
unplanned ventilation |
|
|
which of the following is the most common building material in north America? |
wood |
|
|
green wood has a high_______that affects burn rate
|
moisture content |
|
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what type of common building material includes brick, stones, and concrete blocks?
|
Masonry |
|
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which of the following can be the result of rapidly cooling cast iron with water |
it may crack or shatter |
|
|
steel structural member lengthen as much as 4 inches when heated to |
900 degrees F |
|
|
the critical temperature for steel can be reached at ceiling level from |
the rising heat an smoke in the room |
|
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which of the following metals will be affected by heat more rapidly than steel?
|
aluminum
|
|
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which of the following building materials absorbs heat as moisture evaporates?
|
gypsum |
|
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laminated timber, medium density fiberboard (MDF) and finger-jointed timber are all examples of what common building material
|
composite material |
|
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which of the following best describes who determines a structure's construction classification
|
architect, structural engineer, contractor |
|
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which of the following buildings may be exempt fro local building codes? |
factory-built (mobile) home
|
|
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the International Building Code (IBC) and National fire protection Association (NFPA) define construction type based on the performance of the construction when |
exposed to fire. |
|
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which of the following construction types has walls, floors, and ceilings that must be able to resist fire for three to for hours?
|
type 1 (I)
|
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what construction type is composed of materials that will not contribute to fire development or spread?
|
type 2 (II) |
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what construction type requires exterior walls and structural members to be constructed of noncombustible materials?
|
type 3 (III) |
|
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the interior elements in what type of construction are made of solid or laminated wood wit no concealed space? |
type 4 (IV)
|
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in what construction type are exterior load-bearing walls composed entirely of wood?
|
type 5 (v) |
|
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the use of prefabricated wood truss systems in type V construction creates
|
a large, open void between floors |
|
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manufactured homes built before 1876 have less ______ than those of current construction |
fire resistant |
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|
Canada (NBCC) heavy timber construction avoids |
concealed spaces under floors and roofs |
|
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a ______ occupancy type must meet the building code for its intended use
|
single - use |
|
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what occupancy type contains multiple occupancy or use groups? |
separated use |
|
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what building component is designed to support the weight of a building and all it contents |
foundation
|
|
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what building component's construction varies depending on its level
|
floor/ceiling |
|
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what building component may be an assembly of studs with exterior materials on the outside and an interior covering on the inside?
|
wall |
|
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which of the following best describes walls that support the weight of a structure or structural components
|
load-bearing walls |
|
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what building component is designed to provide drainage, support snow accumulation and resist the effects of wind?
|
roof |
|
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what roof type is frequently penetrated by chimneys, shafts an skylights?
|
flat |
|
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in which roof style does the design depend on exterior walls to support its weights |
arched |
|
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what part of the roof extend from wall to wall on a flat roof |
beams |
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what part of a roof's construction can be manufactured from smaller pieces of wood or light gauge steel? |
lightweight construction support system |
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what part of the roof is exposed to weather?
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coverings |
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the locations of bathrooms an mechanical spaces can be indicated by roof |
penetrations and openings
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what type of roof is used to prevent ice damming?
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cold roof |
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what type of roof contains panels that retain electricity even when off? |
photovoltaic (solar) roof |
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ventilating a rain roof will not remove smoke until |
the original roof is penetrated |
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what building component may be mounted over doors and windows to prevent illegal entry?
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security bars or grilles
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additions to the structure, replacing fire escapes with enclosed stairways, and removing non-loadbearing walls are all types of
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what type of stairs typically connects no more than two levels if not required as part of the means of egress
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access stairs
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what type of stirs uses a ventilation system activated by automatic fire or smoke detection?
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smoke proof stair enclosures |
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doors are classified by
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they way they operate |
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which of the following doors has the advantage of eliminating door swing that might interfere with use of interior space |
sliding door |
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what type of door design can prevent movement of hose or equipment into a building? |
revolving door |
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what type of door may be required by building codes to be constructed of tempered material that resist breakage?
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glass door |
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what type of door protects openings in fire-rate walls?
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fire door |
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what part of the window is composed of a sill, side, jamb and head jamb? |
frame |
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what type of movable window has side-hinged sash, usually installed to sting outward |
casement |
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which of the following movable windows includes a large number of narrow overlapping glass section that swing outward |
jalousie
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knowing types f doors and door hardware can help firefighters
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select correct forcible entry tools |
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which of he following best describes a primary dangerous building condition? |
conditions that contribute to fire spread |
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fuel loading is defined as the maximum heat produced if |
all combustible materials are present |
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what is the most effective defense against heavy content fuel loading
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proper inspection and code enforcement |
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vertical tactical ventilation can be defined as channeling smoke from the |
highest point in a building |
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the critical temperature for steel trusses is |
1,000 degrees f |
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which type of roof is used whenever large open floor spaces with limited interior support is needed? |
bowstring truss
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which of the following best describes a possible construction hazard
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the building is subject to rapid fir spread because protective features are not in place |
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renovation, age of the structure, weather, and loads are all
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structural collapse factors |
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which of the following best describes when structural collapse may occur? |
it can occur well after the fire is extinguished |
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what fire stage is structural collapse very likely |
decay |
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how much is added to the weight of floors for very US gallon used during suppression |
8.33 pounds |
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when a collapse is imminent, personnel _____ in the collapse zone
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may cautiously place an unstaffed master stream |
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which of the following best describes where the collapse zone is established |
adjacent to any exposed exterior walls
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for which type of construction is flying glass the primary collapse zone hazard concern?
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type I
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when exposed to temperatures above _____ unprotected steel will expand and twist
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1000 degrees F |
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A collapse zone for a type IV structure should be established when
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the structure has been adopted |
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which of the following must be considered when deciding the size of a collapse zone?
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type of building construction and safest location for personnel
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