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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Body water content in women? |
approx 55% |
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Body water content in males? |
approx 60% |
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Fluid outside cells |
Extracellular fluid |
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Fluid inside blood vessels |
Plasma |
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Fluid outside and inbetween the cells |
Interstitial fluid |
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Fluid inside the cells |
Intracellular |
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Major cations and anions in Extracellular fluid? |
Cation: sodium ions Anion: chloride ions |
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Major cations and anions in Intracellular fluid? |
Cation: Potassium ion Anion: Hydrogen phosphate ion |
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Pathway of water movement from GI tract to intracellular fluid? |
1. Digestive tract epithelium 2. Blood vessel epithelium 3. Interstitial fluid 4 Intracellular fluid |
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Microcirculation |
Movement of water at the atrial and venous ends of a capillary bed |
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Describe the Movement of water at the atrial end of a capillary bed? |
water is pushed out of capillaries by HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE |
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Describe the movement of water at the venous end of a capillary bed? |
water is drawn into the capillary by OSMOTIC PRESSURE |
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Hydrostatic pressure |
Pushes water OUT of an arterial capillary bed |
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Osmotic pressure |
draws water INTO a venous capillary bed |
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Ways in which water is lost or gained from the body |
- drinking - exercise - sweat (skin) - Lungs - urine - Faeces |
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The Thirst Mechanism |
1. Increased plasma concentration or decreased plasma volume 2. Hypothalamus is stimulated 3. Salivary glands produce less saliva 4. Dry mouth & thirst sensation occurs 5. you are stimulated to drink more fluid |
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Effects of Aldosterone on Blood composition, volume and pressure |
- Increase Na+ reabsorption - Decrease K+ secretion - Increased water absorption (osmolality) - Increased ECF volume - Increased Blood Pressure |
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Effects of Aldosterone on urine composition & volume |
- Increased urine concentration - Decreased urine volume |
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Effects of Antidiuretic Hormone on blood composition, volume and pressure? |
Increased water absorption in renal tubules Increased Blood volume Homostatic Blood pressure (High ADH= increased BP) |
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Effects of Antidiuretic hormone on urine volume and composition? |
Decreased urine volume Increased urine composition |
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Effects of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) on blood composition, volume and pressure? |
Decreased Na+ reabsorption Decreased water reabsorption Decrease BP Decrease Blood volume |
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Effects of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) on urine composition and volume? |
Increased urine volume Increased urine concentration |
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Effects of over-hydration |
- Electrolytes get diluted - Increased Hydrostatic pressure (HP) - HP pushes water into interstitial fluids - cause oedema Decreased osmotic pressure of plasma KIDNEYS decrease urine concentration Increased urine output |
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Effects of Dehydration |
Increased electrolytes Decreased hydrostatic pressure Increased osmotic pressure Increased PCV (packed cell volume) |
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Excess fluid is returned to the circulation through:......... |
Lymphatic system |
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isotonic solution |
Fluid with concentration close 300mOsml/L |
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Hypertonic solution |
Fluid with concentration over 300mOsml/L |
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Hypotonic solution |
Fluid with concentration under 300mOsml/L |
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What happens to the body cells when you administer a hypertonic solution? |
- body cells will burst from overhydration - cause oedema |
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What happens to the body cells when you administer a hypotonic solution? |
- body cells shrivel from dehydration - cause hypoxia from lack of RBC & oxygen |
