Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
DVT
|
deep vein thrombosis
|
|
PE
|
pulmonary embolism
|
|
raloxifene - risk
|
risk for DVT; movement/walking for prevention
|
|
angioedema - counsel
|
report any swelling of lips, mouth, tongue, face, neck immediately
|
|
ACEIs - blocking the degradation of bradykinin
|
vasodilatory effect, but also: cough and angioedema
|
|
Ang II - kidney damage
|
constricts the efferent arterioles to a greater extend than the afferent aterioles > increased perfusion pressure in the glomeruli
|
|
ACEIs - slow progression of:
|
renal disease with diabetes; hypertension with albuminuria; heart failure
|
|
ARBs - slow progression of:
|
renal disease with diabetes; hypertension with albuminuria; heart failure
|
|
hypertension - Na & H2O retention
|
do not routinely use agents that cause Na and H2O retention, like: NSAIDs, COX-2 inhibitors, systemic steroids
|
|
aldosterone rec. antagonists
|
spironolactone (non-selective, also blocks androgen), eplerenone (selective)
|
|
hypertension - beta blockers
|
recommended first-line, with: S/P MI, HF, and others...
|
|
S/P
|
status post
|
|
ISA
|
intrinsic sympathomimetic activity
|
|
beta blockers with ISA
|
partial agonists + antagonists, contraindicated in S/P MI; CAPP: carteolol,acebutolol, penbutolol, pindolol
|
|
CVD
|
Cardiovascular disease, the class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels
|
|
s/sxs
|
signs & symptoms
|
|
beta-1 selective blockers
|
AMEBBA - Atenolol, Metoprolol, Esmolol, Bisoprolol, Betaxolol, Acebutolol
|
|
ranolazine
|
Ranexa, new agent for treatement of angina due to ischemic disease; reduces myocardial contractility ( and oxygen demand) by blocking the late sodium current
|
|
ablation
|
"fry off nerve in heart" against arrythmias; Cardiac ablation is a procedure that is used to scar small areas in your heart that may be involved in your heart rhythm problems. This can prevent the abnormal electrical signals or rhythms from moving through the heart.During the procedure, small wires called electrodes are placed inside your heart to measure your heart's electrical activity. When the source of the problem is found, the tissue causing the problem is destroyed.
|
|
beta-blockers
|
decrease HR, decrease BP, decrease myocardial contractility, decrease myocardial oxygen demand
|
|
metoprolol IR - food
|
with food
|
|
atenolol
|
pregnancy factor D
|
|
metoprolol IV-PO
|
IV 1: PO 2.5
|
|
beta-1 blocker with NO dependent vasodilation
|
nebivolol (Bystolic)
|
|
clonidine - patch
|
for 1 week; alpha-2 agonist
|
|
drugs with OROS systems
|
Adalat, Procardia (Nifedipine); Covera (verapamil); Cardura XL (Doxazosin)
|
|
CAD
|
coronary atery disease; (equals ischemic heart disease?)
|
|
HR
|
heart rate
|
|
Atacand
|
candesartan
|
|
Ranexa
|
ranolazine
|
|
Lotrel
|
Benazepril + Amlodipine
|
|
Lotensin
|
Benazepril
|
|
Exforge
|
Valsartan + Amlodipine
|
|
SIHD
|
silent ischemia heart disease
|
|
unsaturated fatty acids
|
have double bonds > more space when lining up for membranes: "good"; in: olives, nuts, seeds; turn "bad" when heated and cis-position turns into trans-position (margerine)
|
|
saturated fatty acids
|
have NO double bonds > line up/ stack stiff for membranes: "not good"; in: animal products
|
|
silent ischemia
|
objective documentation of myocardial ischemia in the absence of angina or anginal equivalents; ischemia with no pain, no sign for patient
|
|
ASCVD
|
atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
|
|
Plavix
|
Clopidogrel; a prodrug; metabolized by CYP2C19; targets: P2Y12
|
|
Aspirin
|
ASS in 81 mg (1 TAB) or 162 mg (2TAB); adverse effects: nausea, depression, heartburn; OTOTOXICITY > tinnitus!
|
|
Brilinta
|
ticagrelor; a platelet aggregation inhibitor
|
|
Effient
|
prasugrel, antiplatelet drug; irreversibly binding to P2Y12 receptors, (more effective than clopidogrel)
|
|
C/V
|
cardio vascular
|
|
PUD
|
peptic ulcer disease; break in the lining of the stomach, first part of the small intestine, or occasionally the lower esophagus
|
|
ICH
|
intracerebral hemorrhage; a type of intracranial hemorrhage that occurs within the brain tissue. It can be caused by brain trauma, or it can occur spontaneously in hemorrhagic stroke.
|
|
CYP2C19 inhibitors
|
omeprazole, esomeprazole
|
|
Hgb
|
hemoglobin; the main functional constituent of the red blood cell, serving as the oxygen-carrying protein;
|
|
Hct
|
hematocrit; measures how much space in the blood is occupied by red blood cells. It is useful when evaluating a person for anemia.
|
|
PAH
|
Pulmonary arterial hypertension, a condition of elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary artery
|
|
Adempas
|
Riociguat; a stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC);
|
|
syncope (syn co pee)
|
fainting, passing out and swooning, is defined as a short loss of consciousness and muscle strength, characterized by a fast onset, short duration, and spontaneous recovery. It is due to a decrease in blood flow to the entire brain usually from low blood pressure.
|
|
simvastatin - bad adverse effect
|
Rabdomiolysis; max 40mg/day; Zocor
|
|
Rabdomiolysis
|
damaged skeletal striated muscle breaks down rapidly. Breakdown products e.g. myoglobin, are harmful to the kidneys and may lead to kidney failure. The severity of the symptoms: muscle pains, vomiting, and confusion, depends on the extent of muscle damage and whether kidney failure develops
|
|
Zocor
|
Simvastatin; Rabdomiolysis; max 40mg/day
|