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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Label A-E |
A- styloid process B-Radius C- Radial tuberosity D-Neck of radius E- Articular surface, head |
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Label F-K |
F-Olecranon G- troclear notch H- coronoid process I-Radial Notch J-Ulna K-Interosseus membrane |
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Label L-N |
L-Head of ulna M- Styloid process N-Distal Radialulnar joint |
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Epicondylitis |
Injury and inflammation at the musculotendinous unit that attaches to the humerus epicondyles. Occurs due to strain and overuse, ~Lateral epicondylitis- "tennis elbow"- common extensor tendon ~Medial epicondylitis-"golfer elbow" common flexor tendon |
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Anterior compartment of the forearm |
8 muscles, Arise via a common tendonous attachment at the medial epicondyle. Mostly innervated by the median nerve Flexors and pronators |
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Posterior compartment of the forearm |
6 muscles Arise from a common tendon at the medial epicondyle All innervated by the radial nerve Extensors and supinators |
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Pronator teres |
Proximal attachment- medial epicondyle Distal Attachment lateral surface of radius Innervation- median nerve Action- pronates forearm |
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Pronator teres |
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Flexor carpi radialis |
Proximal attachment- medial epicondyle Distal attachment-Base of metatarsals 2 and 3 Innervation-median nerve Action- Flexes and abducts the wrist |
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Flexor carpi radialis |
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Palmeris Longus |
Proximal attachment- medial epicondyle Distal attachment- Palmar aponeuresis Innervation-median nerve Action-flexes and adducts the wrist |
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Palmeris longus |
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Flexor carpi ulnaris |
Proximal attachment-medial epicondyle and ulna Distal attachment -pisiform bone Innervation- Ulnar nerve Action- flexes and adducts the wrist |
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4 muscles of the superficial anterior forearm (Pass, Fail, Pass, Fail) |
Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexer carpi ulnaris |
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Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) |
Proximal attachment- humoroulnar head, and radial head Distal attachment- base of middle phalanges on digits 2-5 Innervation- medial nerve Action- flexes the PIP and MCP digits. Flexes wrist. (bye-bye wave) Forms 4 tendons that pass through carpal tunnel |
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus |
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Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) |
Proximal attachment- anterior and medial ulna, interosseous membrane Distal attachment- bases of the distal phalanx of 2-5 Innervation- medial half is ulnar nerve, lateral half is median nerve Action-flexes DIP, PIP, MCP and wrist tendons pass through carpal tunnel deep to FDS |
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Muscle of the intermediate anterior forearm |
Flexor digitorum superficailis |
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What muscles flex DIP joints? |
Flexor digitorum profudus is the only muscle that can flex DIP joints of 2nd to 5th digits. |
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Flexor pollices longus (FPL) |
Proximal attachment-Anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane Distal attachment- base of distal phalanx of thumb Innervation-median nerve Action flexes the thumb. Tendon passes through tte cape tunnel lateral to FDS and FDP tendons. |
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Flexor Pollicis Longus |
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Pronator Quadratus |
Proximal attachment- distal anterior ulna Distal attachment-distal anterior radius Innervation-median nerve Action- pronation |
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Pronator quadratus |
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What muscles in the anterior forearm are innervated by the ulnar nerve? |
Flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus |
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3 muscles of the deep anterior forarm |
Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus Pronator quadratus |
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Pronator syndrome |
The median nerve could become entrapped, severed, or compressed near the elbow where it enters the forearm between the heads of pronator teres muscle. Deficits- 2nd and3rd finders can't be fully flexed. "hand of benediction" when attempting to make a fist. |
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Ulnar nerve injury |
If the injury occurs at the elbow then the power of hand adduction will be impaired- hand is deviated to the lateral side when attempting to flex the wrist. There will be impaired sensation to medial hand and digits. "Claw hand" |
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Radial Artery |
Branches off of the Brachial artery in the cubital fossa. Deep to the brachioradialis. The superficial branch of the radial nerve lies beside it. Can be palpated for pulse. Main supply to the palmer arch of the hand |
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Ulnar Artery |
Branches of the brachial artery in the cubital fossa.As it exits the cubital fossa it gives rise to the anterior and posterior interosseous arteries.Transverses forearm between FDP and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles. Main supply to the superficial palm of the hand. |
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Innervation of the posterior compartment of the forearm. |
Radial Nerve |
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Brachioradialis |
Proximal attachment-lateral ridge of humerus Distal attachment- lateral distal radius Innervation-radial nerve Action-flex at elbow |
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posterior forearm muscles that extend the wrist |
Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris |
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Posterior forearm muscles that extend the medial four digits |
Extensor digitorum Extensor indicis Extenser digiti minimi |
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Posterior forearm muscles that extend and abduct the thumb |
Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus |
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Extensor retinaculum |
Covers extensor tendons at the wrist and prevents bowing during hyperextension. |
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Radial nerve |
Before it divides into the superficial and deep branches it innervates the brachioradialis and the carpi radialis longus. Most muscles are innervated by the deep branch which becomes the interosseous nerve after the supinator muscle. The superficial branch is sensory. |
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Type of fracture? |
Colles fracture- A distal radius fracture that is displaces dorsally. Commonly occurs when one catches ones self in a fall. There is said to be a "dinner fork deformity". |
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Carpal bones (Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle) |
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Deep transverse metacarpal ligaments |
There are three ligaments that link the metacarpals. (none span index finger to thumb) |
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Synovial joints between carpals |
Share a common articular cavity and are reinforced by a multitude of ligaments |
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Carpometacarpal joint |
Found in the thumb gives the greatest range of mobility |
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Metacarpalpharyngeal joints (MCP) |
Condyler joints- permit flexion, extension,abduction, adduction, and circumduction. (knuckles) |
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Interphalangeal joints (DIPS and PIPs) |
Hinge joints that permit flexion and extension |
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Carpal Tunnel |
tendons and the median nerve transverse it, formed by carpals and transverse carpal ligamnet Tensons from FDS,FDP and flexor pollicis longus. |
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What condition is this? How is it treated? |
Carpal tunnel syndrome. Tapping over the flexor reticulum will increase or reproduce the symptoms (Tinels sign). Treated with splints, activity modification, stretching, vitamin B6, antiinflammatory drugs, or surgical decompression. |
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Flexor tendon pulley system. |
Tendon sheaths contain FDS and FDP. Deep ulnar artery passes through gunyons canal (btween hook of hamate and pisiform) |
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Extensor expansion hoods. |
Allows for extension from lumbercles at PIP and DIP simultaneously, with the flexion of the MCP joints. |
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Venicula longus and breves |
Mesotendons for blood suppl of the figers. |
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Dupuytren's contracture |
Thickening of the fibrous bands of the palm. Often it is bilateral and more commonly occurs in men over fifty. It is associated with myoblast proliferation and type III collagen. Surgical extensionof fascia frees the fingers. |
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Anatomical snuff box |
Medial border- extensor pollicis longus. Lateral border- abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis. Contents- radial artery- allows scaphoid palpation. |
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Thenar muscles |
Abductor Pollicics brevis FLexor pollicis brevis Opponens Pollices Actions- Flex, abduct and oppose the thumb. Innervation- recurrant branch of medial nerve. |
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Thenar muscle group- abductor pollicis brevis |
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Adductor pollicis |
Proximal attachment- metacarpal of middle finger Distal Attachment- medial side of 1st metatatarsal Innervation-ulnar nerve Action- Adducts thumb |
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Dorsal interossi |
Proximal attachment- Base of metacarpals Distal attachment-dorsal hood base of proximal phalanx Action- finger abduction |
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Adductor pollicis |
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Dorsal interossei |
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Palmer interossei |
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Palmer interossei |
Proximal attachment- base of metacarpals Distal attachment- dorsal hood Action- finger adduction. |
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Lumbricles |
Proximal attachment- FDP tendons Distal attachment -extensor hood. Innervation- 1st and second get median, 3rd and 4th ulnar Action-flex MCP, extend IPs. ~Pass dorsally around the lateral side of the finger. |