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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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social cognition
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an area in social psychology concerned with social influences on thought, memory, perception, and beliefs
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attribution theory
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the theory that people are motivated to explain their own and other people's behavior by attributing causes of behavior toa situation or disposition
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fundamental attribution error
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the tendency, in explaining other people's behavior, to overestimate personality factors and underestimate the influence of the situation
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cognitive dissonance
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a state of tension that occurs when a persona simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent or when a person's belief is incongruent with his or her behavior
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factors that increase conformity
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-group has at least 3 people
-group is unanimous -group is admired -one feels insecure |
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normative social influence
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-want to fit in
-gain approval and avoid disapproval -does not lead to private conformity |
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informational social influence
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-want to be right
-accept opinion or follows behavior of others -leads to private conformity |
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obedience
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a form of compliance that occurs when people follow direct commands
-usually from someone in position of authority |
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ethnocentrism
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the belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others
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diffusion of responsibility
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in groups, the tendency of members to avoid taking action because they assume that others will.
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deindividuation
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in groups, or crowds, the loss of awareness of one's own idividuality
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group think
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in close-knit groups, the tendency for all members to think alike for the sake of harmony and to suppress disagreement
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Id
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present at birth, is the reservoir of unconscious psychological energies and motives to avoid pain and obtain pleasure
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ego
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referee between the needs of instinct and the demands of society
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superego
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represents morality and parental authority; includes the conscious inner voice that says you did something wrong
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5-factor
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extroversion
agreeableness conscientious neuroticism openness to experience |
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repression
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threatening idea, memory, or emotion is blocked from consciousness
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projection
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persons own unacceptable or threatening feelings are repressed and then attributed to someone else
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displacement
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peopel direct their emotions toward things, animals, or other people that are not the real object of their feelings
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reaction formation
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feeling that produces unconscious anxiety is transformed into its opposite in consciousness
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regression
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a person reverts to a previous phase of psychological development
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denial
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people refuse to admit that something unpleasant is happening, such as mistreatment by a partner
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