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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gamete |
a male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex |
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Mitosis |
A nuclear division that produces two identical daughter cells |
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Meiosis |
a cell that results in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell |
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Genetics |
the study of living organisms |
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Heredity |
the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another |
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Chromosome |
a structure of nucleic acids and protein that are found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes |
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Gene |
a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring |
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Trait |
a characteristic that is caused by genetics |
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Allele |
one of two or more forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome. |
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Dominant Allele |
a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus |
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Recessive Allele |
an allele that produces its characteristic phenotype only when its paired allele is identical |
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Genotype |
the genetic constitution of an individual organism |
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Phenotype |
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment |
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Homozygous |
when an individual has two of the same allele, whether dominant or recessive |
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Heterozygous |
can carry two different alleles |
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Mutation |
the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations |
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Natural Selection |
the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring |
