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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the feature model?
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Anything on a map can be defined as points, lines and areas (polygons)
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What are the typical components of a GIS?
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Image processing, Statistical programs, GIS, DEMS, CAD
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What is the difference between GIS and a regular CAD program?
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GIS has a database and the ability to overlay multiple layers.
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What are the 3 different map scales?
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1) Representative fraction (1:1000)
2) Verbal (1"=10 miles) 3) Graphical ( I------------I = 10 miles) |
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What is the difference between large and small scale? (Which has more detail)
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Larger scale means less area, more detail.
Small scale means more area, less detail. |
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What is the use of different projections?
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You can only represent area, distance or angles. You can't piece together maps with more than one.
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What are the coordinate systems?
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-Geographic coordinates (longitude/latitude)
-Universal Transverse Mercator systems (UTM) -State Plane |
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A GIS package should be able to move between...
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-map projections,
-coordinate systems, -datums, and -ellipsoids. |
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What is longitude/latitude (Geographic coordinates), and what are some things you should know about them?
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-It is a coordinate system
-They're universal, they have meridians and parallels, they're geocoded as minutes and seconds.(60 mins in each degree, 60 secs in a min.), no worries about boundaries, and are able to study large areas |
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What is UTM zone, and what should you know about it?
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-It is a coordinate system
-Measured in meters, XY locations given as easting and northing, false origins at 500,000 meters east of central zone meridian, 60 zones in the world, 6 degrees each, base is the equator, great distance measures, easy to measure area, good for landscape/regional studies |
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What is SPC, and what are some things you should know about it?
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-State plane is a coordinate system
-Use Feet, also known as cartesian coordinate system, Values given as easting and northing, easy area measurements, good for municipal or county studies. |
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Vector
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Points, lines, polygons. Useful for multiple attributes.
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Raster
What should resolution be? |
Rows and columns. Problem because you need a layer for each attribute.
-Resolution should be half the size of the thing you want to see |
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What are the 2 kinds of data models?
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Raster and Vector
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What is a data model?
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A definition of how the computer will store and represent geographic data
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What are the two types of vector?
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Shapefile - stores data in multiple files
Geodatabase - relates graphical features to an internal database (stores data in same file???) |
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What is the difference between georelational and object-based data?
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Object-based (geodatabase) is faster to use.
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What are the different types of data?
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-Interval: Known intervals between values (mode, median, mean, st. dev.)
-Ratio: Known interval between values, no natural zero (mode, median, mean, st. dev.) -Ordinal: ordered (mode, median) -Nominal: Categorical (mode) |
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History of GIS
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-Jacqueline Tyrwhitt - first to described manual map overlay in 1950.
-GIS's roots lie in thematic cartography -GIS significantly altered by the PC and the workstation -During the 1980's, new GIS software could better exploit more advanced hardware |
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Where did GIS come from?
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Geography, cartography, computer science, and mathematics
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What are metadata?
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Data about the data - separate from database, and feature database
-contain attribute data |
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What are some basic components of metadata?
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-date
-how it was acquired -copywrite info |
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What is a funny geography saying?
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Don't duck metadata
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How many kids does the professor have?
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3, oldest is 15
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What would the professor do if he wasn't a professor?
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Own a tackle shop
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Who are the professor's 2 favorite teams?
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BYU and Florida
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What is the difference between spatial and non spatial data?
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Spatial shows where the data is at, while non spatial just gives it an identifying number or something
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Attribute Terms
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Field - a specific attributes, stored in columns
Record - all the attributes about 1 feature |
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What are some map elements?
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Title, legend, scale, credits, mapped/unmapped areas, borders, symbols, names/labeling
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What is the map that has contour lines?
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An Isoline map
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What map is one that you explain from your memory?
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mental maps
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What is the map where the areas are drawn larger/smaller in proportion according to the phenomenon being shown?
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Cartogram
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What is a map that shows proportional points of different sizes
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graduated circle maps
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What is GIS?
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IT consists of a database, map information, and computer based link between them
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What are two important improvements?
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1) Ability to keep georeferenced data current
2) ability to integrate multiple data sets efficiently |
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In a database, what are the columns and rows?
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Columns are attributes, rows are actual objects
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What is the difference between joining and relating tables?
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Joining is permanent, and uses a key field. Relating is not permanent.
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What is the map that uses different shades to show an amount or population of a certain area compared to others?
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Choropleth
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