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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The study of the whole genome
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Genomics
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Human Genome Project
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started in 1990 offically
international collaboration of hundreds of researchers |
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Ordered contig sequencing
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a) identify overlappping clones
b) contigs: minimal sets of clones encompassing a genomic region Generates a physical map |
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Shotgun sequencing
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a) randomly sequencing genomic clones
b) assemble sequences using computer programs Advantageous: random selection, determines gaps between contigs |
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Minimum tiling path
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Overlapping clones that correspond to all genomic sequences
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PLinkage maps
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recombination spots
map units don't equal physical distance molecular markers have a higher density than mutations esp. SNPs Heterozygousity of individuals |
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Expressed sequence tags
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corresponds to a portion of cDNA sequence, exon of gene
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Gene landmarks
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enhancer element, promoter TATA box, promoter CATbox, translation start, intron splice site, translation stop, poly(A) tail site.
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Bioinformatics
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Marriage between genetics and biocomputing
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Public Genome databases
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NCBI:
Ensemble: UCSC: |
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Protein databases
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Structural: Prosite, PDB, MMDB
Functional: MGI, OMIM Interactions: BIND |
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Transciptome vs genome
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functional genomics: final result of RNA transcriptionn
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Gene technologies for genomics
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Southern blot
PCR FISH |
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Transcriptomics
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Northern blot
RT-PCR |
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Microarray
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glass slide or chip on which many probes have been immobilised
Made up of labeled target sequences: fluorescent tags cDNA microarrays |
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GO annotations
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1. cellular component: gene product acts as
2. molecular function: jobs of gene product 3. biological process: series of events |
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Proteomics
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Much larger than the genome
1. Alternative splicing 2. RNA editing 3. Posttranslational covalent modification |
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Biomarkers
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involved in cancer detection: proteins
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Future genomics
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Molecular medicine,
Forensic medicine: DNA ID Microbial genetics Risk assessment Evolution, human migration Agriculture |
