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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the type of study where alot of people of different age but different in other ways are studied?
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Cross sectional
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What type of study is used to determine how 5 y/o children change how they think as they get older?
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Longitudinal
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At what stage is a person in identity vs. role confusion stage?
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adolescence
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What is the stage that early adulthood stage persons are in?
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intimacy vs. isolation
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An older adult looks back on life and wishes he had done things better. What stage is he in?
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Integrity vs. despair
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Piaget. An infant learns about his environment by watching and using his senses. What is this?
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Sensorimotor
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At what stage does a child not know that rolling a ball of clay into a long thin piece can be reversed back into a ball again?
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Pre-operational
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What is an example of "zone of proximal development?
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A parent showing a child how to put together a puzzle, then the child doing it.
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Vygotzky
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A person is thinking that honesty is the best policy, then considers that honesty may hurt a person's feelings. He considers there may be times to be honest and times not to be honest. What type of thinking is this?
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Dialectical
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What types of traits are produced by many different genes?
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Polygenic
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What is the characteristic that monozygotic twins have that dizygotic twins do not?
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They are always the same sex.
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What has to be done with an infant who is born with PKU?
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Resrict intake of milk and other proteins.
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What disease caused by a dominant gene causes mental and physical problems not until middle adulthood ?
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Huntington's Disease
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What is the best method to prevent birth defects?
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Good nutrition
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What is the stage of development from two months after conception until birth?
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Fetal
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What can be caused by low birth weight?
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Developmental delay
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Why do infant reflexes disappear?
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The functions of the infant are taken over by the brain cortex.
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What is the most common type of malnutrition?
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Iron deficiency anemia
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What is assessed in infants with the 'visual cliff' experiment?
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Depth perception
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What nervous system development occurs during infancy?
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They gain more neurons
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At what stage of development are children when they understand reversal?
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Operational
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6-12 y/o begin to think logically and become capable of solving problems.
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An infant has a toy which makes a certain sound when struck a certain way,the child determines that the toy will make a different sound if struck another way. What has been done to the schema?
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Assimilation
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Assimilation is the process of using schemes to make sense of experiences. piaget would say that a baby who grasps a toy is assimilating to his grasping scheme. Accomodation would be changing the scheme as a result of new information.
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What type of perception is used when an infant sees someone put a cd in a cd player and they know music will be played?
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Intermodal
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Or intersensory integration. Usually occurs after 5 months. The ability to transfer one sense to another is inborn.
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What is the grammar used when a child refers to his pet poodle as a dog, but no other dog?
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Underextension
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What is the term used for high pitched speech with few words and simple sentences?
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Motherese
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A small child starts to fill the tub with water to bathe her doll. Her father stops her and tells her she could get burned, but helps her fill the kitchen sink with water instead to bathe her doll. What type of parenting is this?
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Authoritative.
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Authoritative is the most positive and productive type of parenting. Sets clear limits and expectations. High in nurturance.
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At what time are the most negative thoughts felt by children after divorce?
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1 Year
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What is the term used for analyzing a task and determining how best to solve it?
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Metacognition and metamemory
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Ex: A child listening to a story may realize he has forgotten the name of the main character and ask the reader the name again knowing it will make the story easier to understand is a form of metacognition. metamemory and metacognition improve in children between the ages of 3-5 y/o.
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What is a child showing when he arranges a group of sticks from longest to shortest?
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Seriation
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Which researcher stated there are three types of IQ and IQ tests only test one type?
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Sternberg
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1. Contextual intelligenceis having to do with knowing the right behavior for a specific situation.
2. Experiential intelligence; has to do with learning to give specific responses without thinking about them. Is the intelligence needed to pass an IQ test. 3. Componential intelligence; a person's ability to come up with effective strategies. To Sternberg, is the most important component of intelligence. he claims that IQ tests put more emphasis on the correctness of answers than on the quality of strategies people use to arrive at them. |
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Which stage of moral reasoning is used when a 5 y/o states, " If I get caught doing something wrong, my parents will punish me."
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Pre conventional
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Kohlberg's stage of moral reasoning. pg. 329 Preconventional which most children and adolescents follow on an external basis which is being afraid of reprocussions from authority figures and levels 3-6 which most adults follow based on the greatest good for the greatest number of people.
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A person is sent to ten years in prison. Before his 10 years in prison are up he escapes. later someone finds out who he is, but is now a productive member of society. This person thinks even thought he escaped from prison he is now an important member of society and argues that he should not be returned to prison. What type of moral thought process is this?
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Post-conventional
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Kohlberg
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Research which is a combination of cross sectional and longitudinal where different age groups are studied over long periods of time.
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Sequential
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Systemic body of testable theories that can be verified or refuted.
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The science of lifespan development
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The key to formal operational thinking is the ability to think about ________ concepts.
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Abstract
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Explains environmental influences on development
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Ecological theory
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Theorised by Bronfenbrenner. Includes the macrosystem or cultural context such as beliefs and values. The Exossytem which includes the socio economic context which is government institutions and wealth. The mesosystem which is the immediate context such as family, school, religious affiliation, and neighborhood.
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Believes that behaviors are determined by a continuous interaction between biological and environmental factors.
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Behavioral geneticists
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Development where an infant is able to lift it's head, then sit up, then stand up.
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cephalocaudal
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There are two types of embryo development; cephalocaudal and proximodistal. Proximodistal is where the embryo develops from the middle of the body and outward.
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What age group is most concerned with body weight and appearance?
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Middle aged adults
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In middle adulthood, the ability to reason abstractly declines, what decline is occurring?
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fluid intelligence
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