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193 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The British commander who sent his troops to capture Patriot supplies in Concord in April 1775 was General
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Thomas Gage
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The purpose of the British army's march on Concord, Massachusetts in April 1775 was to
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seize war supplies stored there
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In May 1775 shortly after it convened, the Second Continental Congress
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formed the continental army under the leadership of George Washington.
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According to your text, the first major battle of the Revolutionary War was the Battle of
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Bunker Hill
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After the battle of bunker hill, congress and the bulk of the american people were
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still reluctant to declare independence
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In January 1776, the colonists toward independence by ___ mercenaries.
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hessian
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The author of the tract, common sense, which boldly called for complete independence and attacked not only king george but monoarchy itself was
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thomas paine
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"in short, monarchy and succession have laid(not this or that kingdom only) but the world in blood and ashes. tis a form of government whcih the word of god.... this is from
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thomas paine
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Thomas Jeffersons general statement of the right of revolution in the Declaration of independence
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was intended by jefferson to be an expression of the american mind
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an american advantage in the war for independence was
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british reluctance to engage in full-scale war against the colonies
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a major british advantage in 1776 was their
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control of both boston and new your city
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the best estimate of the proportion of patriots and tories during the war of independence is that
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patriots were more numerous than tories but large numbers of americans were indefferent
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As a group, the tories in america
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came from every social and economic class and geographic area
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Battles in and around ___ in august and september of 1776 were ignominous defeats for washington...
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new york city
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The battles of Trenton and Princeton in december 1776 were important because
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the american army's morale was boosted after a series of defeats
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The major defeat of 1777 at ___ was caused mostly by the extremely poor coordination of the campaign.
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saratoga
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"Neither of the two parties shall conclude either truce and peace with great britain, without the formal consent.... the source of the above was the 1778
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treaty of alliance between france and the united states
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the united states most valuable ally in the revolution was
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france
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during the winter of 1778 washingtons army endured severe shortages of food and clothing while camped at
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valley forge
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In the 1778, fighting in the northern states parctically ceased, thereafter, most of the engagements were in the
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south
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a major british advantage in 1776 was their
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control of both boston and new your city
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the best estimate of the proportion of patriots and tories during the war of independence is that
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patriots were more numerous than tories but large numbers of americans were indefferent
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As a group, the tories in america
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came from every social and economic class and geographic area
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Battles in and around ___ in august and september of 1776 were ignominous defeats for washington...
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new york city
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The battles of Trenton and Princeton in december 1776 were important because
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the american army's morale was boosted after a series of defeats
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The major defeat of 1777 at ___ was caused mostly by the extremely poor coordination of the campaign.
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saratoga
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"Neither of the two parties shall conclude either truce and peace with great britain, without the formal consent.... the source of the above was the 1778
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treaty of alliance between france and the united states
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the united states most valuable ally in the revolution was
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france
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during the winter of 1778 washingtons army endured severe shortages of food and clothing while camped at
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valley forge
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In the 1778, fighting in the northern states parctically ceased, thereafter, most of the engagements were in the
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south
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the most overwhelming american defeat in the war was general clintons may 1780 capture of
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charleston
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how did historians react to depiction of the revolution in the patriot
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they were critical of many aspects, especially the burning of the church
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the british defeat at yorktown resulted largely from
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french fleet winning control of the chesapeake bay and preventing cornwallis from escaping
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the american negotiators at paris peace conference violated their instructions from congress by
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refusing to rely ont he comte de vergennes
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the united states recieved very favorable terms in the peace of paris because the
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american commisioners skillfully played rival european powers against each other
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the union of amerian states under the articles of confederation was a
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league of friendship, in which the states were soverign and the national government had only weak delegated powers
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the american government raised 200 million and much of the cost of the revolutionary war by
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printing paper money
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the wartime superintendant of finance who restored order and credit to the gov. treasury was
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robert morris
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the most significant changes in the new state governments was the
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removal of outside control, making them more responsive to public opinion
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during the revolutionary war, the new constitution, of ___ replaces the office of governor with an elected council of twelve
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pennsylvania
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In the new governments created during the revolution, power was concetrated in the
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legislatures
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What happened to the social reform when many states wrote consitution during the revolution?
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Many states seized the occasion to introduce important political and social reforms.
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As part of the social remforms accompanying the revolution, all states which still had them abolished
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primogeniture and entail
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the movement to seperate church and state during the writing of the new state constitutions was most successful in
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virginia
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We, the general assembly.... the author of this statement was
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thomas jefferson, virginia
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the immediate effect of the american revolution upon slavery was that
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northern states moved toward emancipation of their slaves, and most southern states restricted the importation of slaves
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The text notes that during and after the revolution, slavery
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died where it was not economically important
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How did the revolution affect attitudes toward the education of women?
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the idea of female education began to be accepted as important in a republic.
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analyzing the relationship between the american revolution and nationalism, yhoru text concludes that a feeling of american nationalism.
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emerged out of necessity to unite in order to win the war
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a major source of the new feeling of nationalism after the revolutionary war was the
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common sacrifice by soldiers and civilians during the war
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According to the map, the unites states.....
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north carolina
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The law which divided the western territories into 6 miles square townships was the
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Land Ordinance of 1785
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The measure which established governments for the western territories was the
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northwest ordinance ordinance of 1787
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In comparing the northwest ordinance of 1787 with the system by...
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adopted for the intermediate stage of territorial development which would give way to statehood...
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george washington's greatest strength as a national hero was his
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personal sacrifices and his obvious disinclination toward becoming a dictator
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"besides this, a national language is a band of national...." this was an idea of
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jedidiah morse
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the oustanding painter of the great events of the revolution, best known for works such as the battle of bunker's hill.... was
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john trumbull
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in the opinion of your textbook, most american citizens in the 1780's gave their first loyalty to
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their own states
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One example of the inadoquacies of the articles of confedertation was the inability of the united states to
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force england to abandon military posts it built beyond the boundaries of the original thirteen colonies
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the nation which caused a major problem for the new government of the articles of the confederation when it closed the lower mississippi was
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spain
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after the revolution, the american balance of exports and imports became
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very unfavorable as british merchants poured low-priced goods into america
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under the articles of confederation there was a failed attempt to raise revenue and pressure british by a
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tariff
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in 1786 massachusetts debtor farmers rebelled against the state gov. and were defeated in battle, this was____ rebellion
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shays's
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which of the following statements about shays's rebellion is true
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many leaders such as washington concluded that the central government must be strengthened
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it was difficult to amend the articles of confederation because amendments had to be approved by
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unanimous consent of the states
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when the annapolis meeting of 1786, which was called to discuss commercial problems, seemed about to fail, _____ proposed a convention in phili to deal with constitutional reform
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Alexander Hamilton
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the model for many of the deligates to the constitutional convention was the
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roman republic
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the great compromise settled the issue of representation in congress by allowing
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each state two senators and a number or rep. that depended on popoulation
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the principle of the three-fifths compromise was that
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three-fifths of the slaves would be counted in determining each state's representation
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according to your text, the final form of the constitution was decided by
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a conspiracy of the well-to-do members of the convention
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according to debating the past
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where focused on protecting their own property and business interests
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the most drastic departure from past experience under the new constitution was the creation of a
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powerful presidency
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the presidents veto power and the impeachment power of congress are both examples of
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checks and balances
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the procedure specified for ratifying the constitution
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depended upon approval of the constitution by special conventions in various states
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have they said, we the states?....
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against ratification of the constitution
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as a result of the war of 1812, the federalists
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were destroyed
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the measure in which great britain and the unites states agreed to set a limit on the number of armed vessels on the great lakes was the
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rush-bagot agreement
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the american general who pursued the seminole native americans into florida and seized two spanish forts was
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andrew jackson
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the transcontinental treaty of 1819
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transferred florida to the united states for $5million and settled the southern boundary of the louisiana territory to the pacific
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the monroe doctrine
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hoped to isolate the united states from involvement in european affairs
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The Monroe Doctirnes warning against european interference in america came because ___ colonies rebelled to gain their independence.
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spains
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"the american continents, by the free and independent condition..... the source of the above was
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the monroe doctrine
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according to your text, what "may be seen as the final stage in the evolution of american independence?"
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monroe doctrine
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The era of good feelings was noted for the
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absence of organized political parties opposing each other
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by 1820 the american population and geographic area both
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doubled
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the original bank of the united states that hamilton proposed
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did not have its charter renewed when it expired in 1811
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the depression of 1819 was worsened by the policies of
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new england merchants
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western opinion on public land policy in the early 19th century generally favored
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reducing the price and the minimum size offered for sale
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the group which consistently favored low prices and easy credit for western lands was
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westerner settlers
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according to your text, how was slavery a sectional issue before 1820?
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the cotton boom dampened southern support of slavery
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the best-known political leader of the north in the early 1820's who served brilliantly as monroe's secretary of state, was
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james madison
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the gregarious new york politician who never took a political position if he could avoid doing so and who led a political machine known as the abany regency was
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martin van buren
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in the 1820's the most prominent southern leader, the highly successful secretary of the treasury under monroe, was
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william harris crawford
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the president chosen in 1824 by the house of representatives when no candidate received a majority vote in the electoral college
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John Quincy adams
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as president, john quincy adams
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was an inept politician
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the tariff of 1828 was so high that in the south it was called the
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tariff of abominations
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southerners called the tariff of 1828 the tariff of abomination because it
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threatened to impoverish the south with its excessively high rates
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Calhoun's theory of nullification in the south carolina exposition and protest
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maintained that states could nullify a national law if hey found it was unconstitutional
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as a general, george washington
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lacked genius but was a remarkable organizer and administrator
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during the ratification of the constitution, the bitter disputes in ___ lead to the writings of the federalist papers
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new york
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much anti-federalist opposition to the constitution, especially in new york, disappeared when
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the federalists promised amendments to guarantee the civil liberties of the people
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as a president, george washington
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was careful not to exceed the powers given him by the constitution
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george washingtons cabinet was chosen
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without regard to political affiliation or personal agreement with him.
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the bill of rights guaranteed that congress would not interfere with the rights to
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freedom of speech, press, and religion
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the purpose of the ___ amendment to the constitution was to mollify those who feared the states would be destroyed by the new government
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tenth
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according to "mapping of the past" the map ratification....
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more prosperous coastal regions
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alexander hamilton believed that the united states needed a
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strong national government
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alexander hamiltons report of the public credit presented a plan to deliberately intended to
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give a special advantage to the rich and thus win their support
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to secure approval for federal assumption of state debts, alexander hamilton promised to
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locate the nations permanen capitol on the potomac river
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___ advocated a "loose" interpretation of the necessary and proper clause to support the creation of a national bank
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alexander hamilton
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the author of the report on manufactures, which was a bold call for national economic planning was
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alexander hamilton
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"Whereas it appears that a state of war exists between austria...." the above statement was
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washingtons proclamation of neutrality
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the conduce of citizen genet was unacceptable tot he american government because he was
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licensing american vessels as privateers against british shipping
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after washingtons proclamation of neutrality in 1793, france
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attacked american shipping as did england despite american neutrality
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for the birth of political parties in america, which of the following si the correct connection
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republicans: thomas jefferson
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the french revolution and the ensuing war between france and great britain tended to
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widen the split between american political parties...
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when confronted by the whiskey rebellion of 1794 washington
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suppressed it peacefully with a tremendous show of force
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in the early 1790s general anthony waynes decisive defeat of the native americans in ohio battle of ___ opened that territory to settlement.
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fallen timbers
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under jays treaty, ___ agreed to abandon its military posts in the american northwest
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great britain
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in his farewell address, george washington indicated his
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belief that political parties were harmful and divisive
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"the great rule of conduct for us in regard to foriegn nations is in extending our commercial relations to have with them..." the source of the quote was
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george washington, farewell address
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in the election of 1796, when john adams was chosen president, ___ was elected as his vice president
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thomas jefferson
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the french demand in 1797-1798 for a bribe as a precondition to negotiations with america was called the
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xyz affair
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the xyz affair resulted in
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the creation of a navy department and military appropriations to pursue the federalist demands for war with france
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the repressive measures which the federalists passed primarily to smash their republican opponents were the
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neutrality acts
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james madison responded to the alien and sedition acts by
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condemning them because they assumed that elected officials were the masters rather than the servants
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According to the kentucky and virginia resolves, a law of congress could be declared unconstitutional by
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an individual state
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when the french indicated a willignness to reopen the negotiations that had been disrupted by the xyz affair, president adams responded by
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pursuing a policy of internalizational peace, despite federalist demands for war
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the winner of the presidential election of 1800 was chosen by the
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house of representatives
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In the election of 1800
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jefferson was finally chosen persident by the house of represnetatives
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a direct consequence of the election of 1800 was the constitutional amendment stipulating
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seperate elctoral college ballots for president and vice president
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a major federalist accomplishment was
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establishing a sound fiscal system
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according to your text, the most significant aspect of the election of 1800 was that
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it was not revolution
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the politician who sought to preserve america as a nation of minimal government and small, independent farmers was
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thomas jefferson
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one of the few points jefferson agreed with hamilton was the
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ease of which propertyless city dwellers could be corrupted by demagogues
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thomas jefferson was an early defender of
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the french revolution
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in the debate about jefferson fearing having a kid with his slave....
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dna evidence supports he had at least one of her kids
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in his first inaugural address, jefferson stressed his desire to
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minimize the difference between federalists and republicans
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"but every difference in opinion is not a differnence in principle...." the above author was
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thomas jefferson
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the president known for his pell-mell style of plain dress and informal entertaining was
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thomas jefferson
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your text describes jefferson as a ___ president
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non-partisan
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as president thomas jefferson
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followed washingtons example of a non partisan, balanced cabinet
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the purpose fo the ___ was to maintain federalist control of the judicial branch against jeffersonianism
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judiciary act of 1801
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the federalist chief justice who established the power of the supreme court to invalidate federal laws in marbury vs madison was
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john marshall
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in mar. vs mad., chief justice john marshall cleverly established the power of the supreme court to
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invalidate federal laws held to be in conflict with the constitution
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"the authority, therefore, given to the supreme..." is from
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john marshal mar. vs. mad.
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republican attempts to impeach federalist judges resulted in the
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failure to remove their main target, supreme court justice samuel chase.
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during his first term, jefferson fought a small naval war, attempting to resist the blackmail of the
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barbary pirates
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the greatest naval hero of jeffersons undeclared war with the barbary pirates of tripoli was
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edward preble
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for jefferson, one of the most important reasons for the louisiana purchase was that it
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secured access to the mouth of the mississippi
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prior to the louisiana purchase, napolean launched an expidition against which former french colony, led by which black revolutionary
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saint dominique, toussaint louverture
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in the negotiations for what became the louisiana purchase, jefferson originally commissioned robert livingston and james monroe to purchase
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new orleans and florida
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the leader who abandoned his plans for an empire in the new world and sold louisiana to the united states was
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napoleon
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"and whereas in pursuance of the treaty...." this quotation refers to
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the Louisiana purchase
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in the end, jeffeson justified the purchase of the louisiana by
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bowing to the good sense of the country
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the die hard federalists who organized a scheme to break away from the union and create a northern confederacy in 1804 were the
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essex junto
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the duel between alexander hamilton and aaron burr resulted from
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hamiltons campaigning against bur when he ran for governor of new york
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one of the puroses of the lewis and clark expedition was to
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establish official relations with native american tribes
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the western expiditoin that expored the northwestern area of the louisiana purchase from 1804-1806 was led by
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lewis and clark
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according to the section, mapping the past, a water route to the pacific, one purpose of the lewis and clark expidition was to learn if the ___ river
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columbia
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in addition to the lewis and clark expedition jefferson dispatched ___ to explore the upper mississippi valley
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zubulon pike
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according to your text,the republican who caused jefferson the most trouble by conspiring with general james wilkerson and flirting with treason was
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aaron burr
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the burr conspiracy was an unsuccessful attempt to
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seperate a part of the west from the united states
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in aaron burrs trial for treason
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neither the president nor the cheif justice acted impartially
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the effect of the berlin and milan decree's by france and the orders in council by great britain was to
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encourage trade with france and discourage with great britain
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between 1803 and 1806, the main effect upon america of the war between france and england was to
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stimulate the economy dramatically in re-exporting foreign products
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the birtish practice of forcibly removing british deserters from american ships was called
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impressment
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"no seaman, seafaring, or other person shall...." this was an american attempt to deal with the problem of
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impressment
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the problem of impressment was compounded by
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americas loose immigration laws
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according to your text, how well did jefferson handle the foreign policy crisis presented by the impressment controversy?
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he was neither well informed nor hard headed
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the episode that immediately prompted the embargo act was the
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attack on the chesapeake by the leopoard
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Under___, exports were totally prohibited and only foreign vessels were allowed to import goods to america
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the embargo act
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the embargo act of 1807
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was resented and resisted by large numbers of americans
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how does your text evaluate the embargo act of 1807?
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was certainly a mistake
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congress repealed (the) ___ in 1809 because ti harmed american commerce rather than that of the british and french
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embargo act
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"be it enacted... that from... the passing of this act" was from...
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the non-intercourse act
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according to the text, thomas jefferson "prepared the country for democracy" by
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proving that a democrat could establish and maintain a stable regime
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according to your text how successful was jefferson as president by 1805
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he seemed to have led his fellow amercians into a golden
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although macon's bill no.2 temp. removed all restrictions on trade
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non intercourse act would be reapplied to both england and france if they continued to interfere with american shipping
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president madison reapplied the non-intercourse policy to great britain because
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he mistakenly believed that france was no longer seizing american ships
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one of the major reasons for amercian entry in the war of 1812 was the
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american belief that the british were inspiring native american resistance to american expansion
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the shawnee chief who tried to bind all of the tribes east of the mississippi...
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tecumseh
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tecumseh's brother, teskwatawa,
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declared native americans should reject white ways, cloths, and liquor
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"it was fully believed among the indians that we should defeat general harrison..." this is a native american descrioption of the battle of
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fallen timbers
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among the causes of the war of 1812 was the
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british repeal of the order of council
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the war hawks called for war against great britain because they
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wanted to defend the national honor and save the republic from british domination
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the great opposition to the war of 1812 came from the
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war hawks
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the map, the war of 1812 depicts the british tactic in america of a
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naval blockade of the american coast
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in the war of 1812 captain isaac hul commanded the frigate ___ to a brilliant victory over the hms guerriere
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constitution
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in the war of 1812 the most effective american action against british shipping was by
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privateering merchantmen
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the british changes their strategy against the united states in 1814 because
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the war in europe which had diverted their attention earlier was now over
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the major us city sacked and burned by the british was
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washington
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the treaty of ghen (1814) ending the war of 1812
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simply reestablished the status quo ante bellum.
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