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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Microevolution |
A change in the collective genetic material of a population |
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Bell Curve |
On a graph of the frequency of some variable, a curve that first rises and then falls and thus forms a symmetric bell-shaped curve |
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Allele Frequency |
The proportion of gene copies in a population that are a given allele, expressed as a percentage |
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Hardy-Weinberg Principle |
The principle that states that the frequency of alleles in a poplulation does not change over generations unless outside forces act on the population |
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Population Genetics |
The study of the frequency and interaction of alleles and genes in populations |
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Gene pool |
All of the genes of the reproductively active members of a population |
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Phenotype frequency |
The ratio of individuals with a particular phenotype to the total number of individuals in a population |
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Immigration |
The movement of an individual or group into an area |
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Emigration |
The movement of an individual or group out of an area |
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Geneflow |
The movement of genes into or out of a population due to interbreeding |
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Genetic Drift |
The random change in allele frequency in a population |
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Sexual Selection |
An evolutionary mechanism by which traits that increase the ability of individuals to attract or acquire mates appear with increasing frequency in a population; selection in which a mate is chosen on the basis of a particular trait or traits |
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Stabilizing Selection |
A type of natural selection in which the average form of a trait if favored and becomes more common |
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Disruptive selection |
A type of natural selection in which two extreme forms of a trait are selected |
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Directional Selection |
A type of natural selection in which the most extreme form of a trait is favored and becomes more common |
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Speciation |
The formation of new species as a result of evolution |
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Morphology |
The study of the structure and form of an organism |
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Biological Species Concept |
The concept that a species is a population of organisms that can interbreed but cannot breed with other populations |
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Geographic isolation |
The physical separation of populations due to geographic barriers that prevent interbreeding |
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Reproductive isolation |
The inability of members of a population to successfully interbreed with members of another population of the same or related species |
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Gradualism |
A model of evolution in which gradual change over a long period of time leads to biological diversity |
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Punctuated Equilibrium |
A model of evolution in which short periods of drastic change in species including mass extinctions and rapid speciation , are separated by long periods of little or no change |