Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
S9.2.1.2
Catalytic Cracking |
The process in which high Molecular Weight fractions from crude oil are broken into lower Molecular weight substances in the presence of high temperatures and a catalyst.
|
|
S9.2.1.2
Zeolites |
The inorganic compounds used as catalysts for cracking alkanes
|
|
S9.2.1.2
Steam Thermal Cracking |
The process by which ethane gas or larger hydrocarbons are mixed with steam and passed through large metal coils, producing ethylene
|
|
S9.2.1.2
Which alkene is a major by-product of catalytic cracking? |
Ethylene
|
|
S9.2.1.2
Why is steam thermal cracking necessary? |
Catalytic cracking is not necessary to meet the needs of ethylene
|
|
S9.2.1.3
What property makes alkenes more reactive than their corresponding alkanes? |
A Double bond
|
|
S9.2.1.3
Addition Reaction |
A reaction in which two or more molecules are reacted together to form a single molecule
|
|
S9.2.1.3
A substance reacting with an alkene through breaking open the double bond into two single bonds |
Addition Reaction
|
|
S9.2.1.3
Product: Ethanol - Reacants - Conditions - Uses |
Reactants - Ethylene and Water
Conditions -high pressure, ~300C Uses - Fuel, Industrial, commercial and domestic solvent, Cleaning and disinfecting fluid |
|
S9.2.1.3
Product: Ethylene Oxide - Reacants - Conditions - Uses |
Reactants - ethylene and Oxygen
Conditions - ~250C with silver as a catalyst Uses - Fumigant |
|
S9.2.1.3
Product: Ethylene Glycol - Reacants - Conditions - Uses |
Reactants - ethylene oxide and dilute acid
Conditions - treatment with dilute acid solution Uses - anti-freeze liquid, manufacturing of polyester |
|
S9.2.1.3
Product: Vinyl Chloride - Reacants - Conditions - Uses |
Reactants - Oxygen and chlorine
Conditions -~150C and copper chloride catalyst Uses - monomer for producing polyvinyl chloride |
|
S9.2.1.4
Definition: Monomer |
A relatively simple molecule from which a polymer can be made
|
|
S9.2.1.4
Definition: Polymer |
A large molecule in which one or more monomers are repeated
|
|
S9.2.1.4
Definition: Polymerisation |
The reaction of monomers to form a polymer
|
|
What polymer does ethylene form when it polymerises?
|
Polyethylene
|
|
S9.2.1.4
How does ethylene form a saturated polyethylene chain |
The double bond in ethylene breaks open to form single bonds with neighbouring ethylene molecules
|
|
S9.2.1.5
Definition: Addition Polymer |
a polymer formed by molecules adding together without the loss of any atoms.
|
|
S9.2.1.5
When an addition polymer is formed, what other product is formed as a by-product? |
None
|
|
S9.2.1.5
Requirements needed to form Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) |
High Pressure (1000-3000atm)
High Temp (300C) An Initiator (usually an organic peroxide) |
|
S9.2.1.5
Polymerisation process of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) |
- Peroxide initiator splits to form free radicals
- Free radicals allows the initiation of the joining of ethylene monomers |
|
S9.2.1.5
In the polymerisation process of LDPE, why is the organic peroxide an initiator and not a catalyst |
Because the initiator is incorporated into the polymer
|
|
S9.2.1.5
Branching of the polymer LDPE |
Significant chain branching
|
|
S9.2.1.5
What effect does significant chain branching have on the packing of LDPE polymer chains? |
Chains cannot pack closely together or in an orderly way
|
|
S9.2.1.5
What is the molecular weight of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)? |
Up to 1,000,000 g/mol
|