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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Human development
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scientific study of processes of change and stability throughout the human life span
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Life-span development
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concept of human development as a lifelong process, which can be studied scientifically.
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physical development
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growth of body and brain, including patterns of change in sensory capacities, motor skills, and health
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cognitive development
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pattern of change in mental abilities, such as learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity
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psychosocial development
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Pattern of change in emotions, personality, and social relationships
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social construction
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a concept or practice that may appear natural and obvious to thsoe who accept it, but that in reality is an invention of a particular culture or society
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individual differences
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differences in characteristics, influences, or developmental outcomes
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heredity
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inborn traits or characteristics inherited from the biological parents
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environment
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totality of nonhereditary, or experiential, influences on development
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maturation
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unfolding of a natural sequence of physical and behavioral changes
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nuclear family
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two-generational kinship, economic, and household unit consisting of one or two parents and their biological children, adopted children, or stepchildren
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extended family
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multigenerational kinship network of parents, children, and other relatives, sometimes living together in an extended-family household
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socioeconomic status (SES)
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combination of economic and social factors describing an individual or family including income, education, and occupation
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risk factors
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conditions that increase the liklihood of a negative developmental outcome
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culture
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A society's or group's total way of life, including customs, traditions, beliefs, values, language, and phyiscal products- all learned behavior, passed on from parents to children.
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Ethnic group
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a group united by ancestry, race, religion, language, and/or national origins, which contribute to a sense of shared identity.
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Ethnic gloss
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overgeneralization about an ethnic or cultural group that obscures differences within the group.
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normative
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characteristics of an event that occurs in a similar way for most people in a group
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cohort
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a group of people born at about the same time
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historical generation
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a group of people strongly influenced by a major historical event during their formative period
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nonnormative
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Characteristics of an unusual event that happens to a partiuclar person or a typical event that happens at an unusual time of life.
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imprinting
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Instinctive form of learning in which, during a critical period in early development, a young animal forms an attachment to the first moving object it sees, usually the mother.
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critical period
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specific time when a given event or its absence has a specific impact on development
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plasticity
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Range of modifiability of performance
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sensitive periods
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Times in development when a person is partiuclarly open to certain kinds of experiences
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