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26 Cards in this Set
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Sahelanthropus tchadensis TM 266-02-060-1 French paleontologist Michael Brunet Discovered 2001 7 and 6 million years ago Sahel region, Chad The foramen magnum is located further forward (on the underside of the cranium) than in apes or any other primate except humans. |
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Orrorin tugenensis BAR 1000'00 Tugen Hills, central Kenya 6.2 and 5.8 million years ago French paleontologist Brigitte Senut and French geologist Martin Pickford 2001 |
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Ardipithecus kadabba
ALA-VP 2/10 Middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia 5.8 and 5.2 million years ago 1997 paleoanthropologist Yohannes Haile-Selassie |
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Ardipithecus ramidus ARV-VP 6/1 (Ardi) Middle Awash and Gona, Ethiopia 1994 Tim White |
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(Gracile) A. anamensis KNM-KP 29281 Found near Lake Turkana (used to be Lake Rudolf) Meave Leakey crania, teeth, and post crania 2 sites: Allia Bay and Kanapoi 4.2-3.9ma (earliest true Autralopith) |
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(Gracile) A. afarensis LH4 Dawn Johanson and Tim White (Institute of Human Origin) P3 has a single cups like Pan tall canine diastema premolars/molars like A. africans tooth row shape unlike apes Lucy (288-1) Dawn Johanson Dikika 3.3ma Zeresenay Alemseged Remarkable preservation Stw 573 (Little Foot) Sterkfontein Member 2 foot bones reflect a mosaic of ape human morphology 3.3-2.2ma Laetoli Footprint (Mary Leakey) |
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(Gracile) A. bahrelghazali KT-12/H1 Central Chad (3.4-3ma) Bahr el Ghazal region bicuspid P3 divergent tooth row |
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Kenyanthropus platypus KNM-WT 40000 Meave Leakey Westerm Lake Turkana (3.5-3.2ma) “flat-faces man of Kenya” contemporary with “Lucy” new genus -- controversial! |
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Gracile) A. africanus Taung 1 Taung (3-2ma) Dart,1925 bipedalism before brains If Taung isn’t an Australopith (a juvenile robust) then the entire genus would be invalid more gracile |
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A. garhi BOU-VP-12/130 November 1997 Bouri, Ethiopia Berhane Asfaw & Tim White 2.5 million years ago antelope remains with cut marks if it was A. garhi then it would mark a benchmark in human evolution More primitive Autralopiths have a compound nuchal crest rather than a divergent nuchal and temporal crest Fallback foods: may have been selected for in cranial dental morphology rather than for what they usually ate (USO: Underground Storage Organs) |
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Robust Australopiths |
(Robust) Paranthropus Late Pliocene- early Pleistocene (2.5-1ma) E&S Africa Massive Molars flatter, broader, “dished” faces poorly known post cranial anatomy similar size to Australopithicus |
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(Robust) (A) aethiopicus Omg 18 KNM-WT 17000 The Black Skull 1985 Discovery W. Turkana (Kenya) and Omo (Ethiopia) ca 2.8-2.2ma primitive “robust” australopithecine |
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(Robust) (A) boisei O.H. 5 2.3 to 1.2 million years ago Discovered in 1959 “robust": australopithecine - - Zinjanthropus |
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(A) robustus TM 1517 2-1.5ma Kromdraai, South Africa Robert Broom 1938 |
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Homo habilis OH 7 2.4 million to 1.4 million years ago Louis and Mary Leakey 1960 Olduvai Gorge |
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Homo rudolfensis KNM ER 1470 Koobi Fora in the Lake Turkana basin, Kenya 1986 Russian scientist V.P. Alexeev |
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Homo ergaster KNM ER 992 1.9 to 1.5 million KNM-WT 15000 1984 by Kamoya Kimeu in Nariokotome Nariokotome Boy |
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Sediba Malala Site Science April 2010 1.95 - 1.78Ma MH1 2008 Matthew Berger (Lee's son) |
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Homo antecessor ATD 6-5 2 million to 800,000 years ago, Sierra de Atapuerca of northern Spain Eudald Carbonell in 1994 |
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Homo erectus (Pithecanthropus erectus) Trinil 2 Java 1.89 million and 143,000 years ago Eugène Dubois 1891 |
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Sinanthropus pekinensis 1927 Zhoukoudian near Beijing 770,000 to 230,000 years ago Black & Weidenreich |
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Homo heidelbergensis Mauer 1 700,000 to 200,000 years ago Rösch sandpit (Heidelberg, Germany) 1908 Otto Schoentensack |
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Homo neanderthalensis Neanderthal 1 400,000 - 40,000 years ago 1829 Geologist William King Found in the Feldhofer Cave of the Neander Valley in Germany Retromolar space Shorter and stocker than modern humans more bowlegged Chatelperronian tools from Laussel, France developed Mousterian tool technology blade like tools (probably associated with neanderthals) similarities to the Upper Paleolithic |
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Homo floresiensis LB 1 100,000 – 50,000 years ago 2003 Liang Bua cave (Flores, Indonesia) precedes modern humans coming into the areaIndonesia Controversial find ? species designation sophisticated tool kit blade technology |
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Denisovans 2010 50,000 to 30,000 years ago Denisova Cave in the Altai Mountains in Siberia Upper Palaeolithic industry |
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Homo sapiens Cro-Magnon 1 200,000 years ago to present 1868 Louis Lartet chin canine fossa vertical forehead more robust than us(The Real Eve Movie) |
