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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Characteristics of Romanticism
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Emphasis on Individual, Imagination, nature, feelings and emotion of artist
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Historical Context of Romanticism
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Reaction to Enlightenment, The Industrial Revolution, The French Revolution, Nationalism, Intellectual Fervent
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American Humanities vs. European Humanities
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Americans painted landscapes, depended on Europeans, their music was mainly hymns and patriotic sounds
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Beethoven
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Pioneer of Musical Romanticism
Is Romantic because of delivery of personal emotions |
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Byron
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Work was characterized by frenzy, activity
Committed to struggle for liberty Living symbol of unconventional, homeless, tormented Romantic hero |
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Cole
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Laid foundations of Hudson River School Style
Painted Genesee Scenery |
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Constable
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English Painter
Warm, Deep love of nature Painted Hay Wain Conveys physical beauties of landscape with less tangible aspects of natural world |
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Delacroix
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Painted Massacre of Chios, The Death of Sardanapalus
USed Color to create form Conveys intensity of his imagination |
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Darwin
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On the Origin of Species
Very Controversial |
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Bel Canto
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"Beautiful Singing" What Italians were into at time...Revived by Verdi
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Scherzo
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Literally means joke. Beethoven replaced the minuet of third movement of "Eroica" with this. Describes a fast-moving, generally lighthearted piece. Introduction of this illustrates his democratization of the symphony
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Lieder
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600 songs written by Schubert
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Nocturne
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Short piano piece where expressive, often melancholy, melody floats over a murmuring accompaniment; popularized by Chopin
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Gesamtkuntwerk
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German term invented by Wagner
Means Complete Artwork Describe Combination |
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Leitmotiv
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a tone associated w each character in an opera.
Introduced by Wagner |
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Marx
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Associated with Realism
Considered most influential on contemporary art |
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The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters
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Etching by Goya
"Dreams are way of releasing mind from constraints of everyday experience and bringing to surface those dark visions reason had submerged |
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Execution of the Madrilenos
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By Goya, doesn't try to idealize it; protest against human cruelty; romantic because it conveys his emotion
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Charles IV of Spain and His Family
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Modeled on Las Meninas
Radiates arrogance, vanity, stupidity rather than grace and elegance Communicates disgust at court life |
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Saturn Devouring One of His Sons
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By Goya Shows Dark Side
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Raft of the Medusa
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Painted by Gericault
Looks at incompetence of ship's officers |
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Massacre at Chios
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Painted by Delacroix
Painted to raise indignation of people Some people dubbed it the "Massacre of Painting |
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Hay Wain
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Painted by Constable; English
Conveys sense of less tangible aspects of natural world |
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The Slave Ship
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Painted by Turner
Uses light, color, movement to erase every trace of material world Deals with social disgrace |
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Symphony No. 3 Beethoven
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"Eroica" "The Heroic Symphony" Written for Napoleon; Creates a "heroic world" in sound
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Symphony No. 9 by Beethoven
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Last Movement preaches universal brotherhood and inspired listeners "Ode to Joy"
Is the most complete statement of the human striving to conquer all obstacles and win through to universal peace and joy |
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The Ring of the Nibelung
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By Wagner; most monumental achievement
Represents end of the world |
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Eakins
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Painted Swimming and Miss Van Buren
Used realism Fascinated with humans in motion |
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Gericault
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Painted Raft of The Medusa
Succeeded by Delacroix Rejected classical idealism |
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Heade
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American painter that used luminism, which gives artistic anonymity paintings, that seemed to foreshadow Surrealist art
Painted Lake George |
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Homer
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American that also used Luminism
Painted Eagle Head, which shows restrained drama and emotional depth Had obsession with the sea |
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Moussorgsky
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Greatest of five Russian composers; Placed greater emphasis on native musical traditions; made opera Boris Godunov
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Smetana
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Czech composer; made nationalist works; Made Vltava... about the course of a river as it flows through the capital
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Turner
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Painted the Slave Ship
Companion to Constable Used light, color, and movement to represent cosmic union of elements so every trace of material world dissapears |
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Chopin
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Very very Romantic especially because of ability to express emotions; dated George Sand; Music exploited Nocturne
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Dickens
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English writer
Oliver Twist - Treatment of poor in workouses Hard Times - Pointed our evils of industrialization and misguided education |
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Goethe
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Known for Sturm and Drang - emphasis on originality, imagination, feelings
Wrote the Sorrows of Young Werther -Symbol of his ability to communicate emotion Best known for Faust |
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Goya
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Painted The Sleep of Reason
Execution of the Madrilenos The family of Charles IV Saturn Compared to Beethoven |
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Hugo
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Realist who used the real world to make Les Miserables
Romantic because of high-flown rhetoricstyle, but used immense detail to describe squalor |
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Paganini
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Greatest violinist of age, if not all time
Won reputation in public performances Illustrates Europe's obsession with music as emotional expression |
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Schubert
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Wrote the 6 hundred LIEDER (songs)
Made the unfinished symphony Finest music was written for smaller groups of instruments |
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Shelley, Percy
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English poet who probed more passionate, demonic aspects of existence
Lived life of continual turmoil Greatest work: Prometheus unbound |
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Thoreau
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Made Walden
Was transcendentalist Supported freedom of individual |
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Tolstoy
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Wrote War and Peace and Anna Karenina
Let his characters meet real people Was Romantic because of high regard for irrationality and contempt for reason |
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Verdi
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Revived Bel Canto
Best-loved of all opera composers Added character complexity and dramatic truth Strengthened Italian nationalism Produced Otello, considered supreme work Italian Opera |
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Whitman
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America's first great poet
Wrote Leaves of Grass Had theme of importance of individual |
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Wordsworth
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English Romantic Poet who explored nature
Caked founder of Romantic movement in poetry |
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Hudson River School
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Collective name of earliest American painters of landscape
Wanted to glorify nature |
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Transcendentalists
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Promoted unity of humans and nature
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Wagner
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Put emphasis on drama and orchestra
Made Complete Artworks Abolished separation between recitatives (in which action was advanced) and arias |
