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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Humanism |
studied the classical world, especially Rome, Interested in reason and the individual |
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Realpolitik |
diplomacy based on national interests rather than principles. Forget ethics. |
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Principality |
State governed by a "prince" I.E. a monarchy |
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Republic |
State governed by representatives of the people |
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Hereditary Principality |
authority is handed down from one generation to the next |
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Acquired principality |
authority is acquired through 1) conquering a state, 2) fortune or luck |
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Virtu (according to Machiavelli) |
military strength, but also audacity, cruelty to achieve goals, manliness; dependent on violence, chaos, and disorder |
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Stock characters |
Character sterotype |
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Mimetic desire |
imitating someone else’s desires; you love the thing your friend loves because s/he loves it |
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Foil |
(n.) character that serves to contrast, call attention to another character’s qualities; (v.) enhance by contrast |
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Irony |
when the opposite of what you expect happens |
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Peripetia |
Sudden reversal of fortune |
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Verbal Irony |
meaning differs sharply from what the speaker says |
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Stable Irony |
the author’s real meaning is clearly implied |
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Unstable Irony |
difficulty determining the author’s real views or even determining whether he or she is being ironic |
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Dramatic Irony |
when the audience knows something that the characters do not. (Proteus is not trustworthy!) |
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Pastoral |
refers to literature about people who live in nature, typically shepherds |
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Prince should seek extreme situations in order to promote his own greatness (and power) |
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Virtu- extremes and control |
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Fear as a method of controlling people |
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Fear is a greater tool of control than love |
“From this arises and argument… whether is better to be loved or feared… much safer to be feared than love when one has to be lacking…” |
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Usefulness of cruelty |
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Why should you avoid hatred? |
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Who is the best kind of prince? (Actors!) Why? |
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What make a prince great? |
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Know some of the biographical details about Shakespeare's life |
Born in Stratford-upon-Avon 1564; Married Anne Hathaway; Wrote up to 40 plays, 154 sonnets, and a few narrative poems |
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What playwrights influenced Shakespeare? |
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What do Valentine and Proteus's names signify? |
Valentine=Strong & pathos; Proteus=Changeable & ethos |
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What is the most valued relationship in Renaissance England? |
Male friendship |
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What characters fall for mimetic desire? |
Julia Proteus |
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How does love deform people? |
Speed said this since it’s like an oxymoron - putting together two (or more) contradictory terms? |
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How are letters used in this play? |
play games to tease love - Julia pretends to not want the letter from Proteus and Silvia asks Valentine to write a letter to the one she loves then gives the letter back to him |
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How do the servants foil the previous scenes with their masters? |
Lance’s speech about leaving foils Julia’s departure from Proteus; Speed and Lance’s reunion parallels Valentine and Proteus’s |
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How does Proteus betray Valentine? |
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Be able to idetify the various ways Shakespeare uses "shadow" as a metaphor |
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Valentine's beautiful speech about Silvia ("What light is light...")
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In love, Lance's emphasis on practicality undermines the chivalric romance of Valentine's speech about Silvia |
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How is Proteus Machiavellian? |
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What ar ethe outlaws a parody of? |
Robin Hood - noble men with principles banished in the woods |
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Why does Julia dress like a boy? |
Proteus employs her to woo Silvia |
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Why is rape Machiavellian? |
Rape is associated with power and tyranny |
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What are some of the ways that we can interpret Valentine's forgiveness of Proteus? |
1. Unconditional forgiveness, most common interpretation 2. Farce, played with such silliness that the characters seem shallow and ridiculous 3. Ironic, Valentine acts in such a way that the words mean the opposite of what they say |
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Religious political symbols in Valentine's forgiveness |
Repentance and Penitence |
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How does Julia use the ring to reveal herself? |
“accidentally” produces the ring that Proteus gave to her |
