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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 6 types of informative speeches?
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Speeches of description, definition, objects, processes, events, concepts
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what are the 8 goals of informative speaking?
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importance, timeliness, intellectual stimulation, explain new ideas, clarify complex processes, coherence, associate new ideas with old ones, motivate the audience
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What is inserted first in the introduction?
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attention getter
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What are the characteristics of a topic's importance?
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timeliness, direct relationship to audience needs and interests, (sense of curiosity)
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What is the specific purpose?
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reason for doing speech
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What does the preview in the introduction do?
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informs, tells your audience what you want them to believe/act on
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What are some ways of introducing a speech?
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refer to subject or problem, refer to the occasion, use a personal reference or greeting, ask a rhetorical question, make a startling statement of fact or opinion, use a quotation, cite a real or hypothetical illustration
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What does it take to get your attention? (also look in notes to know their details)
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activity, reality, proxemity, novelty, familiarity, suspense, conflict, humor, the vital, cueing
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What does the Body include?
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analysis or explanation of the preview
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Where do transitions go?
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between points 1-2 & 2-3 no more than three points
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What is the importance of a transition?
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to summarize what you've already discussed
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What are some transition sentences?
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next, now that we've talked about that, let's talk about this
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What are the four parts of a conclusion?
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signal closure, restate your purpose, summarize major points, use a memorable quotation
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What do effective informative speeches stress?
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relevance and usefulness
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What are the first 4 simple rules to better presentations?
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Keep it simple, be impassioned, balance the format of your information (don't heap on information), manage the relationships beforehand
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What are the middle 4 steps to better presentations?
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show, don't tell, get rid of distracting idiosyncrasies, know your material, get the audience to participate at varying levels
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What are the last two steps for better presentation?
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Don't misinterpret people's response and get discouraged, never go longer than your allotted time
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what are three purpose statements?
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general purpose, specific purpose, and thesis statement
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What is the general purpose?
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reason for giving speech (overall objective)
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What is the specific purpose?
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what you want your audience to be able to do or think about (particular action goal of speech)
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What does the thesis statement do?
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give the most important point about the speech
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What are the purpose statement guidelines?
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- does the speech fulfill the assignment?
- Is the sp focused on the audience? - is the sp stated in precise terms? - does the sp specify something specific for the audience? - Is the sp attainable? - Is the sp too trivial for audience? - is the sp too technical? - Is the sp a single, declarative sentence? - Can the sp be accomplished within the time limits? |
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What is audience analysis?
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the process of identifying audience traits unique to the speaking situation at hand
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What are the two types of audience analysis that will influence your speech development?
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Demographics and psychographics
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what is the level of abstraction?
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relative distance of a term or statement from an actual perception
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Define public speaking.
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speaker represents a relatively continuous message to a relatively large audience
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What is communication apprehension?
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fear or anxiety over communicating
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which type of apprehension defines fear of communication regardless of situation?
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"trait apprehension"
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Which type of apprehension deals with fear of a specific situation in communication?
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"state apprehension"
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What are taboo topics?
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subjects that should be avoided
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What is the topoi technique?
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ask series of questions about general topic (who, what, when, where, why, how?)
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Define belief in the realms of communication.
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confidence or conviction you have in the truth of some proposition
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This refers to your perception and of the worth or goodness of some concept or idea.
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Value
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What are the four things you need to analyze about the sociology of the audience?
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cultural factors, age, gender, and religion
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How is currency involved in public speaking?
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Generally the more recent the information, the more useful it will be
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This is the process of passing off the work of others as our own.
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Plagiarism
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What are explanatory narratives?
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explain the way things are
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What are exemplary narratives?
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provide examples of excellence-examples to follow or admire
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What are persuasive narratives?
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try to strengthen or change beliefs and attitudes
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This term refers to the opinions experts or accounts of eye witnesses that helps to amplify speech by adding a note of authority.
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Testimony
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This is a set of summary numbers that help you communicate the importance of characteristics of an otherwise complex set of numbers.
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Statistics
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What are some useful presentation aids?
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actual objects, models of the object, graphs, word charts, maps, people, photographs and illustrations
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What is a motivated sequence?
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Organizational pattern in which you arrange your information so as to motivate your audience so they will respond positively to your message
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what is a structure-function?
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discuss how something was constructed or formed
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why is claim and proof helpful?
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helps prove the truth or usefulness of a particular proposition
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What does multiple definition do?>
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helpful for explaining specific concepts
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What are the three purposes of an introduction?
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gain audience's attention, establish a speaker-audience connection, and orient the audience as to what is to follow
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What is an outline?
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blueprint for your speech; lays out the elements of your speech and their relationship to one another
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Which term differentiates from written language and deals with the quality of spoken language?
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oral style
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What are phrases that have lost their novelty and part of their meaning from overuse?
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cliches
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What is an improptu speech?
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talk without any preparation beforehand
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What is a manuscript speech?
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read aloud the entire speech that you've written
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What is memorized delivery
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when you memorize the speech you have written word for word
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Define extemporaneous speech?
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involves thorough preparation but no commitment to actual words, often involves memorizing opening lines, middle points and closing lines
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What are filled pauses?
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pauses in the stream of speaking filled with vocalizations such as er, um, like,and ah
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what are unfilled pauses?
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silences interjected into the normally fluent stream
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When are pauses ok to use?
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at transitional points, at the end of an important assertion, pause after asking a rhetorical question, pause before and important idea
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which term defines the speed at which you speak?
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vocal rate, 150 words per minute is average
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what is vocal pitch?
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the relative highness or lowness of voice perceived by audience
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