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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What can a change in dog behavior mean?
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1) Medical condition
2) Environmental change (ex. moving, new pet, etc.) 3) Emotional disruption (ex. vacation, losing pet/owner, etc.) |
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What are the CANINE developmental periods and how long do they last?
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1) Neonatal (day 0 - 14)
2) Transitional (day 14 - 20) 3) Socialization (week 3 - [12-16]) 4) Juvenile (week 16+) |
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What is the most important developmental period in canines and why?
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SOCIALIZATION period
(because most abnormal behavior can be traced back to this period) |
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What happens during the CANINE neonatal period?
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- Nervous system development (puppies are born with an incomplete CNS)
- Sensory development (continues through transitional period) - Puppies are vulnerable (no hearing/sight) |
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What happens during the CANINE transitional period?
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- Period when puppies become more aware of their surroundings
- Ears and eyes open (2-4 weeks) - Individual personalities become apparent |
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What happens during the CANINE socialization period?
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- Most receptive to learning
- Social interaction - Litter behavior - Learn about humans (week 5-12) - Best adapted at 6-8 weeks |
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When is the best time to housebreak a puppy?
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8 weeks of age
(socialization period) |
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What happens during the CANINE juvenile period?
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aka. puberty
- Distinct personalities - Adolescent behavior - Abnormal behaviors may begin to develop |
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What is the difference between personality and termperment?
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- Personalities are developed
- Temperments are born |
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What happens if a puppy missed the socialization period?
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More likely to develop behavior problems
- Isolation - Abundant stimulation - Strays (feral) |
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How do you prevent a puppy from developing preferences for elimination areas?
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Prevent them access to that area because they can smell it even after you clean it and will try to go there again
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What happens to canine trainability after 16+ weeks of age?
(specifically housebreaking) |
Trainability decreases
- For every week after 16 weeks, it will take an additional 1-2 months to housebreak |
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How many times a day does the average puppy need to pee/poop?
How long after a meal does a puppy need to pee/poop? |
6-7 times a day
20 minutes after a meal |
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What signs might indicate that a dog needs to pee?
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- Restlessness
- Sniffing around the house |
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How long do you have to sucessfully punish a dog after it does something bad?
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30-60 seconds
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Tell me about food aggression...
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- Dog acts aggressive around food/treats/toys
- Difficult to treat - Make dog earn food by being good |
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Tell me about dominance aggression...
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- Develops at beginning of juvenile period
- Threaten and challenge owners/animals (staring/barking/growling/biting) - Dominance is a type of temperment |
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Tell me about separation anxiety...
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- Dislike of solitude
- Manifests undesirable behavior (vocalization, urination, defecation, destruction, etc.) - Common with puppies who were abandoned/isolated - Very treatable |
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What are some attention behaviors and what is the best way to deal with them?
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- Jumping on people
- Pulling on the leash - Barking/pawing for attention - Best way to deal with it: ignore them (don't push them away) |
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What are some play behaviors and what is the best way to deal with them?
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- Rough play
- Toy aggression - Never chase puppy for toys - Teach soft play |
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Tell me about Tug-o-War...
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Tug-o-War is a good game for teething but it's important not to let the puppy win because it might initiate toy aggression
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Why should you never use a choke collar or a chain?
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- Increase risk for ocular vessel injury
- Tracheal and esophageal damage - Many dogs come to vet clinics that have been hung by choke collars |
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Describe cats vs. dogs (re: prey)...
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Cats are solitary predators whereas dogs are pack hunters
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Tell me about the FELINE developmental periods and how long they last...
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1) Sensitive Socialization period (3-7 weeks)
[starts and ends earlier than dog] 2) Weaning period (6-9 weeks) [become more independent and start to relate to environment] 3) Adult developmental period (>9 weeks) |
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When is the best time to adopt a cat to a new home and/or litterbox train?
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Weaning period (6-9 weeks)
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What is socialization?
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The process during which kittens develop relationships with other living beings
- Interaction - Routine - Perception of environment |
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What is habituation?
(also: how does it occur, what happens if not done correctly?) |
Process of getting comfortable with stimuli (sounds, smells, sights, events)
- Happens with continuous exposure to something - If not done correctly, can lead to fear, anxiety, elimation behaviors, aggression, etc. |
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What is localization?
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The process during which the kitten develops attachment to particular places
- Familiarity - Positive events/beings - Source of food - Mates |
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What are the 4 forms of FELINE body language?
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1) Happy and relaxed
2) Excited 3) Anxious or agitated 4) Aggressive |
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What are some signs of a happy cat?
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- Ears: pointing forward and slightly outward
- Eyes: open or half closed (sleepy), with normal pupils - Tail: Curved down, then up at the tip |
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What are some signs of an excited cat?
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- Ears: standing straight up and pointing forward
- Eyes: wide open and sparkling - Tail: standing straight up or raised slightly and curved |
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What are some signs of an agitated cat?
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- Ears: twitching, pinned back
- Eyes: wide open with large (dilated) pupils - Tail: held low (possibly between legs) or with tip shaking |
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What are some signs of an aggressive cat?
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- Ears: pinned flat against head
- Eyes: pupils fully dilated (eyes look totally black) - Back: arched with fur like a porcupine - Tail: general MOVEMENT (maybe with fur puffed out) |
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Tell me about feral cats...
(what does it mean, what does it cause, what is the end result?) |
- Undomesticated (no exposure to people)
- Cause cats to develop irreversible fears/behavior problems - Kittens must be exposed to many things within first 2 months - Cats that are not exposed during the socialization period become almost impossible to handle as adults |
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Tell me about feline social structure...
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- Female-dominated society
- Males leave the group at maturity and return only to breed (unless neutered) |
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What is the most common behavioral problem in cats?
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Elimination behaviors
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Tell me about elimination behaviors...
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Cats eliminate outside of litterbox due to spite:
- Marking territory - More than one cat in house - Dirty litterbox - Area that box is located in is too noisy |
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Why do cats scratch?
(also: what else is this called?) |
Conditions claws by removing old layers of nail and sharpening new nail beds
(aka. "knitting") |
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How can you discourage inappropriate scratching behavior?
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- Provide a scratching post
- Cover furniture - Block off off-limits rooms - Last resort: declaw (horrible!!!) |
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Tell me about petting aggression...
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Cat is seemingly happy while owner is petting them and then suddenly bites owner and runs away
- aka. cat has had enough/irritated by repetitive action |
