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89 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Gamay Noir (In the Vineyard)
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Features: Purple Color
Climate: Cold Hardy Soil: Granite, Clay, Sand Susceptability: Gray Rot |
Appendix H
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Sub Varieties of Muscat
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Muscat blanc a petits grains (most aromatic)
Muscat of Alexandria Ottonel |
Three
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Where is Terra Rosa Found?
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Coonawara GI in South Australia
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Country and area.
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The Life Cycle of the Vine
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Dormancy - budbreak - shoot growth - flowering - fruit set - veraison - harvest
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7 Steps
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What characteristics does a wine need to have in order to age well?
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High Tannins
High Acidity High Fruit Concentration Lower Alcohol |
Not Cellaring Conditions
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Cellaring Effects: White Wine
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Color Deepens (gold/amber), Volume decreases, Acquires "Bouquet"
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Cellaring Effects: Red Wine
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Color Lightens (brown/yellow, light ruby), Volume Decreases, Acquires "Bouquet"
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Ullage
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The air space between the top of the liquid in the bottle and the bottom of the cork
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"Topping Up"
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Replacing lost wine in a bottle or barrel
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Carbonic Maceration (and effects)
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Whole berry fermentation in a sealed tank.
Berries break down. Creates alcohol, deep purple color, candied aromas; moderate acidity and low tannin. |
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Trichloroanisole (TCA)
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Cork Taint. Flaw. Wet cardboard, musty and flat nose
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Fault
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Volatile Acidity (VA)
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Vinegar, nail polish remover, ethyl acetate
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Fault
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Oxidized
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Nutty, flat, no fruit.
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Fault
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Madierized
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Oxygen + Heat = Caramel, burnt, flat, cooked fruit
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Fault
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Botrytis (botrytis cinerea)
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Fungal Diseases of the vine know as ROT.
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Simple answer
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Noble Rot
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Benevolent form of Botrytis. Infects the grapes with a mold which concentrates the sugar and acidity in grapes, resulting in potentially magnificent, long-lived, very sweet botrytized wines.
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Gray Rot
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Malevolent form of Botrytis. infects the grapes with mould which spoils flavor and, in dark-skinned grapes, destroys color too.
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Phylloxera
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Root feeding Aphid. Native to North Eastern, North America
First found in 1863 |
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Pruning
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Removal of unwanted parts of the vine
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Training
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Manipulating the Vine Shape
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Cane Pruning
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Annual Replacement or renewal of one-year old wood canes on the fruiting wire
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Cordon Pruning
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A permanent horizontal extension of the trunk in place year after year.
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Grafting
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melding root stock from one variety with the scion of another
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Vinification
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Wine making
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Noun
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Viticulture
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the science and practice of growing vines
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Noun
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Cap
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Mass of solids (skins, seeds, solids) at the top of container in red wine fermentation
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Gewurztraminer Growing Regions
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Alsace (Dry to Dessert Styles)
Germany |
Classic
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Muscat Growing Regions
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Asti
Moscato d' Asti Alsace Muscat Beaumes-de-Venise Greece |
Classic
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Pinot Gris Growing Regions
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Alsace
Italy (Pinot Grigio) Oregon New Zealand |
Classic
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Chenin Blanc Growing Regions
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Loire Valley
South Africa (Steen) |
Classic
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Sauvignon Blanc Growing regions
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Loire Valley (Sancerre, Pouilly Fume)
Bordeaux (Medoc, Sauternes/Barsac) Marlborough New Zealand Chile California South Africa Australia |
Classic
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Riesling Growing Regions
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Germany
Alsace Australia New Zealand Niagra Canada Finger Lakes - NY |
Classic
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Chardonnay Growing Regions
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Burgundy
Champagne California Australia New Zealand South Africa Oregon |
Classic
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Pinot Noir Growing Regions
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Burgundy
Champagne Oregon New Zealand California |
Classic
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Cabernet Sauvignon Growing Regions
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Bordeaux (Left Bank)
California Australia Washington State Italy |
Classic
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Gamay Noir Growing Regions
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Beaujolais
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Zinfandel Growing Regions
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California
Italy (Primativo) Australia |
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Cabernet Franc Growing Regions
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Loire Valley
Bordeaux (Left Bank) California |
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Merlot Growing Regions
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California
Bordeaux (Right Bank) Washington State Italy New Zealand |
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Nebbiolo Growing Regions
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Italy (Barolo and Barbaresco)
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Sangiovese Growing Regions
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Italy ( Chianti, Brunello di Montalcino)
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Tempranillo Growing Regions
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Spain (Rioja, Ribera del Duero)
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Grenache Growing Regions
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Rhone Valley
Spain (Grenacha) Italy Australia California |
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Syrah Growing Regions
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Rhone Valley
Australia California Washington State |
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What does AOC mean?
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Appellation d'Origine Controlee
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What does the INAO stand for, and what is their purpose?
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Institut National Des Appellations d'Origine
The INAO writes and creates Wine laws governing France. It controls hierarchy of French quality wines |
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What does SdRdF stand for and what is their purpose? When was it created?
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Service de Repression des Frauds. They are the "police" of the INAO and strive to control fraud. In 1905
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Who created the model for the AOC? And When?
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Baron du Roy in 1923 in Chateaneuf du Pape
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What are the French Wine Law Levels?
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Vin de Table
Vin de Pays VDQS AOC or AC |
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What is VDQS?
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Vins Delimites de Qualite Superieure
Stepping stone to AOC |
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What is a Vin de Table?
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The most basic of french wine.
Can not mention grape variety, region or vintage |
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What is a Vin de Pays
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One step above Vin de Table.
Wines governed by some regulation. Region, grape variety and vintage may appear on label. |
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Describe the Napoleonic Law of Succession
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Land is divided evenly among all heirs.
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Beifly
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What are the District AOCs in Burgundy?
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Chablis, Cote d' Nuits, Cote d' Beaune, Beaujolais, Cote Chalonnaise, Maconnais.
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When was the Classification of Medoc and Sauternes?
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1855
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What are the major grape varieties grown on Left Bank Bordeaux?
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Cabernet Sauvignon based with: Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdo, Malbec, and Merlot
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What are the major grape varieties grown on Right Bank Bordeaux?
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Merlot Based with; Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdo, Malbec.
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The Gironde River splits into how many river(s)? what are their name(s)?
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2. Dordogne and Garonne
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What is the land area between the Garonne and Dordogne rivers in Bordeaux called
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Entre deux Mersrnes
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What are the 3 Major districs of Left Bank Bordeaux?
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Medoc, Graves and Sauternes
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What are the 5 Major districs of Right Bank Bordeaux
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Fronsac, Conon Fronsac, Lalande de Pomerol, Pomerol, St. Emillion
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Name the famous wine communes of the Haut Medoc.
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St. Estephe, Pauillac, St. Julien, Margaux
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There are 4
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What are the First Growth Bordeauxs
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Ch. Lafite-Rothschild
Ch. Margaux Ch. Latour Ch. Haut Brion Ch. Mouton Rothschild |
There are 5
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How many part is the Medoc broken into? What are their names?
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2. Medoc and Haut Medoc
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What is Budding?
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The point where green shoots first appear on the vines.
Frost damage is a hazard |
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Mutation
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Spontaneous to genetic material in a grape vine
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"Claret"
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British term for red wines from Bordeaux
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Must
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Unfermented grape juice
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Glassy Winged Sharpshooter
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A bug that spreads Pierce's Disease
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Pest
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Pierce's Disease
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Xylella fastidiosa. A fatal bacterial disease of the vine spread by the Glassy Winged Sharpshooter, recognized by brown spots on leaves and stalks. On-set takes 1 to 2 years, there is no cure. Discovered by Newton Pierce in 1892.
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Barrique
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A small barrel made from French oak
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Steps of Methode Champenoise
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1: FIRST FERMENTATION
2: ASSEMBELAGE 3: TIRAGE 4: BOTTLING 5: SECOND FERMENTATION (IN BOTTLE) 6: AGING 7: REMUAGE "RIDDLING" 8: DEGORGEMENT 9: DOSAGE |
THERE ARE 9
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Describe the first four steps of Methode Champenoise
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1:FIRST FERMENTATION; base wines are produced still
2:ASSEMBELAGE: base wines are blended; vintage,variety,vineyard 3:TIRAGE: Yeast and sugar are added to blend "Liquer du Tirage" 4:BOTTLING: Wine is bottled and closed with crown cap |
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Describe steps five, six, and seven of Methode Champenoise
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5:SECOND FERMENTATION (in bottle); Dead yeasts + CO2 are trapped in bottle
6:AGING; additional complexity from yeast breakdown 7:REMUAGE; "Riddling" (turning and elevating) to claify wine when dead yeast cells settle in the neck of the bottle |
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Describe steps eight and nine of Methode Champenoise
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DEGORGEMENT: Romoval of lees from neck of bottle. Leis are frozen in neck of bottle crown cap is removed, the pressure pushes out the plug.
9: DOSAGE; Wine from first fermentation and sugar are added to replace lost wine during Degorement. Liqueur de Expedicion. This also determines the Champagnes final balance :Dry, demi sec, sec. The bottle is then corked and ready for sale. |
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Yield
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The amount of fruit the vineyard produces.
Measured in Volume (liters/hectaliters/Gallons) or Weight (Hectars/Tons) Lower yield may produce more concentrated wines. |
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Acid
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A compound found in wine which leads to a mouth-watering sensation. Affected by climate and grape variety
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What are the main acids found in wine?
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Tartaric, Malic and citric
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Clone
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A genetic variation of a single grape variety
propegated by removing a cutting and grafting or planting. |
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Brix
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The measure of sugar content in grape juice and must
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Chapitalization
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Addition of sugar to must in order to raise the potential alcohol level.
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Remontage
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Method of mixing fermenting wine with solids by pumping over the cap
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Pigeage
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Method of mixing fermenting wine with cap solids by Punching down the Cap
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Residual Sugar
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Sugar that remains in wine after fermentation
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Aromatic
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Fragrant, spicy (of smell), pleasantly pungent
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Which city is at the north tip of Alsace?
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Strasbourg
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Which City is at the south tip of Alsace?
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Mulhouse
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What is the significance of the name "Bas Rhin"?
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The Bas Rhin was given because of the lower elevation of the region as compared to Haut Rhin
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What is the significance of the name Haut Rhin?
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Haut Rhin was given because of the high elevation of the region as compared to the Bas Rhin
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