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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stromal Cell
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-Needed for B cell development in the bone marrow
-Non-lymphoid -Interact with developing B-cells via surface adhesion molecules and secreting growth factors -Stem cell factor (SCF) on stromal cells interacts with Kit on developing B cells (promotes proliferation) -IL-7: Produced by stromal cells; stimulates growth and proliferation of late pro-B and pre-B cells |
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Large pre-B cell
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Mu heavy chain is made
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Immature B cell
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both the heavy and light chain have been made. IgM will be on the surface of the cell
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Pre-B-Cell receptor
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Causes allelic exlusion at heavy chain locus
-results in homogenous B-Cell receptors with high-avidity binding -This is when only one Gene is expressed (and the other is silenced) |
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B Cell development checkpoints
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1. Selection of functional heavy chains
2. Selection of functional heavy chains |
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Gene rearrangements leading to surface Ig
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Self binding B cells
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Different light chains can be tried if they have not all be used already (all the kappa and lambda)
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Anergic
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Antibody that will not react to foreign antibody
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Site of B-cell maturation
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B cells differentiate in the primary follicle and form the the secondary (germinal centers).
This process is aided by the interactions of T cells **ISOTYPE SWITCHING (REMOVAL OF C) AND SOMATIC HYPERMUTIAOTN OCCUR IN IN THE GERMINAL CENTERS |
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B cell tumor (overview)
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Burkitt's Lymphoma
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Translocation at the chromosomal level leads to the fusion of genes
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B1 vs. B2 cells
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Summary of B cell development
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αß T cells
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Recognize peptides bound to self MHC molecules
-CD4 (MHC class II) and CD8 (MHC class I) |
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γδ T cells
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Some will react to self MHC, some however will react to to free antigen
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T cell development
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Develop in the thymus
αß T cells: 1. Positive selection (to ensure self MHC recognition) 2. Negative selection γδ T cells: leave the thymus once their T cell receptor (TCR) has productively rearranged |
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Development of most T cells
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Most T cells develop in the thymus
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DiGeorge's Syndrome
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Thymus fails to develop and no T cells
-patients are susceptible to wide range of opportunistic infections -One type of SCIDS |
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αß and γδ development
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Synthesis of T-Cell receptor ß chain
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Bare lymphocytes syndrome
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results when either the MHC class I or MHC class II is not expressed.
- causes SCIDS |
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Autoimmune regulator (AIRE)
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Transcription factor is responsible for the tissue specific proteins in the thymus
-Lack of AIRE results in autoimmune disease called: AUTIMMUNE POLYGLANDULAR SYNDOME TYPE I -or- AUTOMIMMUNE POLYENDOCRINOPATHY-CANDIDIASIS-ECTODERMAL DYSTROPHY |
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CD4+ Regulatory T cell (Treg)
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suppress proliferation of naive self-reactive cells
-Humans lacking Treg suffer from: immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropath, X-linked syndrome -This prevents the body from forming antibodies against self |
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FoxP3
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Transcription Factor
Lack of it results in absence of Treg cells and IPEX disease. This results in autoimmune response against multiple organs (includig gut, skin, and pancrease) |
