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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Tetrapod
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four-limbed vertebrates
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Axial skeleton
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consisting of skull, vertebral column, and rib cage
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Appendicular skeleton
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consisting of the pectoral and pelvic girdles and associated limbs
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Sensory capsules
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spaces for sensory organs in the skull
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Nasal capsule
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complex of nasal bones which house olfactory organs
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Otic capsules
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provide protection for the middle and inner ear
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Occipital Condyles
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allow the skull to pivot smoothly on the first vertebra
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Atlas
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first vertebra
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Axis
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second vertebra
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Secondary palate
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partition in higher tetrapods that divides the nasal passage from the oral cavity
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Maxilla
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upper jaw
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Mandible
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lower jaw
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Temporal fenestra
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holes in the temporal region of the skull which provide surface area for muscle attachment
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Function of vertebral column
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1) prodives a flexible protective covering for the spinal cord
2) supports the weight of the body's thoracic and abdominal cavities 3) provides surfaces for muscle attachment |
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Neural arch
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space on dorsal surface of each vertebra where nerve cord passes
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Intervertebral discs
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allows articulation among centra and protect the bony surfaces from damaging each other
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5 categories of vertebrae
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1) cervical
2) thoracic 3) lumbar 4) sacral 5) caudal |
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Pectoral girdle
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not directly attached to veretebral column;
scapula humerus ulna/radius carpals metacarpals phalanges |
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Pelvic girdle
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firmly fused to vertebral column which provides greater strength for propulsion;
pelvis femur tibia/fibula tarsals metatarsals phalanges |
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Posterior spine
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used for defense
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Thoracic legs
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5 pairs used for generating water currents and filter feeding
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Post-abdominal claw
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used to remove debris from under the carapace
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Brood pouch
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contains eggs which hatch inside the pouch and then emerge from the female
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parthenogenesis
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development of egg without fertlization by sperm
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Ectothermic
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heat comes from external sources
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Endothermic
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generate heat internally as a result of metabolism
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Homeothermic
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ability to thermoregulate
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Poikilothermic
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cannot thermoregulate; internal temperature fluctuates with environment
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Q10
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sensitivity of reaction to temperature;
= Rt/Rt-10 |