Lecture Exam 4

The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of the juxtaglomerular cells and the cells of the ____ .

Peristalsis in the esophagus is controlled by the myenteric plexus.

Pepsinogen is an active protease in the stomach.

____ are the major hormones which control digestion.

Which of the following biomolecules is primarily responsible for the production of urea following dietary metabolism?

Drug(s) like ____ inhibit hydrogen ion pumps in the stomach. These pumps produce HCl which stimulates pepsin formation.

The kidneys help to regulate the hydrogen ion concentration of body fluids by altering the rate at which hydrogen ions are secreted.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following gastric enzymes digests proteins?

Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?

Components of MALT, lymphatic nodules are located in the wall of the ____ of the small intestine.

The ____ cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor

Both the lungs and the liver help to control blood levels of hydrogen ions.

This is a nephron process that results in a substance in blood entering the already formed filtrate.

The phosphate buffer system consists of

The largest serous membrane of the body is the ____.

The volume of urine produced is regulated mainly by the activity in the distal convoluted tubule and the ____ .

The two portions of a nephron that commonly contribute to the juxtaglomerular apparatus are the:

An increase in glomerular osmotic pressure will result in ____ the rate of glomerular filtration.

Kidneys help to regulate acid-base balance of the blood by secreting hydroxyl ions.

As urine leaves the collecting duct of a pyramid, it enters a/an ____.

The countercurrent mechanism functions primarily in the

This is a test to measure kidney function.

If the reabsorption of sodium by the renal tubule is inhibited, the

The muscle contained within the pharynx is primarily skeletal muscle.

Which of the following is not a movement of the colon?

____ is the portion of the nephron where filtrate concentration occurs.

Deciduous molars are replaced by

The chief cells of gastric glands secrete ____ .

This hormone is stimulated by high levels of dietary fat in the small intestine.

Diabetes mellitus, in which fatty acids are converted to ketone bodies, leads to

The ____ attaches the liver to the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall.

Normally, fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries as a result of active transport.

Countercurrent exchange refers to that portion of the countercurrent mechanism which results in a progressively increasing osmotic gradient in the juxtamedullary nephrons.

____ of the interstitial fluid regulates urine production and thirst.

The kidneys help to regulate the hydrogen ion concentration of body fluids by altering the rate at which hydrogen ions are secreted.

Tubular reabsorption allows some performance enhancing drugs or illegal drugs to pass from the blood into the urine.

A nephron consists of two portions:

The calcified connective tissue that forms most of a tooth, giving it shape and rigidity, is called ____.

Water reabsorption occurs throughout the length of the renal tubule by the process of ____.

This portion of the peritoneum is largely responsible for carrying blood and lymph vessels to the intestines.

Which of the following is/are most likely to be part of the gastrointestinal reflex pathway?

A portal triad in the liver consists of branches of the:

Lipid metabolites are absorbed into the blood at the small intestine

___ is the contagious viral disease involving inflammation of parotid and other salivary glands

The movement of chyme through the small intestine is increased by parasympathetic impulses and is inhibited by sympathetic impulses

The tubular secretion of penicillin occurs primarily through the walls of the proximal convoluted tubule

Juxtaglomerular cells:

The ____ is the largest salivary gland and secretes clear watery fluid full of amylase.

Bile salts function as digestive enzymes to break down fatty acids.

___ is when some substances move from the renal tubule into the renal capillaries, during urine formation

If the pH of the blood were 7.2, the respiratory center in the brain stem would be inhibited and the carbon dioxide level would decrease.

Peristalsis in the small intestine

The layer of connective tissue underlying the epithelium of the mucosa of the GI tract is called the ____.

This layer of the GI tract is composed of areolar connective tissue containing blood and lymph vessels.

Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex causes sodium ions to be ____ and water to be ____ .

Which of the following indicates the parts of a renal tubule in the correct sequence from beginning to end?

Rugae are folds in the mucous membrane lining of two digestive organs: the stomach and the ____.

Which layer of the alimentary canal is responsible for absorption of nutrients?

All loops of Henle receive their blood supply from the vasa recta

Mucus in the intestine is secreted by goblet cells in the mucosa and by duodenal glands in the submucosa.

The organ of the digestive system that receives both arterial (oxygenated) and venous (deoxygenated) blood is the ____.

Proteins of smaller molecular size may be reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by a form of ____ called pinocytosis.

Which of the following enzyme(s) is (are) proteolytic?

Protein metabolites are absorbed into the lymph at the small intestine.

Lining the collecting ducts are epithelial cells called ____ cells that are sensitive to vasopressin

The ____ holds the small intestine loosely in place and binds it to the posterior abdominal wall

Stretching of the duodenum by chyme will activates a gastrointestinal reflex pathway.

Which of the following is not a major function of the liver?

Cholesterol that has been removed from the blood is excreted as a component of ____.

A set of primary teeth consists of 20 teeth, while a set of secondary teeth consists of 32 teeth.

The ____ is an air only cavity (passageway) which contains the eustachian tubes and is found above the soft palate.

The ____ is the tube that extends from your mouth to your anus.

This structure regulates the flow of material into the colon.

The vermiform appendix is a blind sac containing lymphatic tissue at the cecum jejunum junction

A protein deficiency may be accompanied by edema because of

Large, fixed phagocytes in the lining of the hepatic sinusoids are called ____.