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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
wound (cut with smooth edges) |
incision |
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wound with uneven edges |
laceration |
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tearing off a body part |
amputation |
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(6) wounds |
incision, laceration, amputation, puncture, abrasion, avulsion |
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wound which is deep and narrow |
puncture |
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scratch |
abrasion |
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part of the skin is left hanging |
avulsion |
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are seldom prepared for the hazard of accidents which are so common in old age, and seldom taught how to avoid them |
elderly people |
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(4) common physical hazards characteristics of old age |
diseases and physical handicaps, malnutrition in old age, dental disorders, accidents |
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is more due to physical than to economic causes |
malnutrition in old age |
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(2) most common psychological causes of malnutrition |
lack of appetite and malabsorption |
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resulting from anxiety and depression not wanting to eat alone |
lack of appetite |
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resulting from digestive or intestinal disturbances or failure of the endocrine system to function as ir formally did |
malabsorption |
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most elderly people lose some or all of their teeth |
dental disorders |
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those who must wear --- often have difficulty in chewing food that are rich in: ---, such as ---, and may concentrate on those high in --- |
dentures; protein; meat; carbohydrates |
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also encourage the swallowing of larger and courser food masses, which may lead to --- |
chewing difficulties; digestive disorders |
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--- or the absence of teeth often cause: --- and ---, which interfere with the older person's speech and cause embarrassment |
ill-fitting dentures; lisping and slurring |
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are generally more accident-prone |
older people |
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which may be due to environmental obstacles |
falls |
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one of the major health problems for older people |
falling |
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dizziness, weakness, or vision are most common accidents among --- |
older women |
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are most commonly involved in motor vehicle accidents, either as drivers or as pedestrians |
older men |
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(2) these are blood-borne pathogens and are disease-causing microorganisms that may be present in human blood or other body fluids |
HBV (Hepatitis B Virus), HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) |
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in giving first aid to a person with HBV or HIV, use protective equipment (4) |
dressings, disposable latex gloves, most waterproof material, mouth-to-barrier device |
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covers open wounds to prevent contact with blood |
dressings |
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(4) dressings |
gauze pad, adhesive strips, trauma dressing, improvised dressing |
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covers small wounds, scratches, burns |
gauze pad |
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covers small wounds |
adhesive strips |
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absorbs blood |
trauma dressing |
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use in every situation involving blood or other body fluids |
disposable latex gloves |
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if disposable latex gloves not available, use --- to form a barrier |
most waterproof material or extra gauge dressing |
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used when doing rescue breathing for protection, because there may be blood in the victim's mouth |
mouth-to-barrier device |
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it can provide short-term protection for those exposed or got into contact with HBV blood |
HBV globulin |
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checking a victim is divided into (2) parts |
primary survey (for life-threatening conditions) and secondary survey (for non-emergency conditons) |
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survey that finds and corrects life-threatening conditions |
primary survey |
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this is done after the primary survey is completed and attending to any life-threatening problems |
secondary survey |
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this survey will discover injuries or conditions that do not pose an immediate threat to life, but may become serious if not detected and corrected |
secondary survey |
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taking care of the patient requires (2) for the caregiver |
accurate and intelligent decision-making skills |
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when the victim is conscious and talking, then the airway is --- |
open |
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first step in applying first aid |
check if airway is open |
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open airway with the --- |
head-tilt/chin-lift method |
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a test of the spinal cord |
babinski test |
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life-threatening condition resulting when the body fails to maintain normal body temperature |
hypothermia |
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refers to circulatory system failure |
shock |
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happens when oxygenated blood is not sufficiently provided in every part of the body |
shock |
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it is one of the common causes of death in an injured victim |
shock |
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severe bleeding |
hemorrhage |
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roll victim on his/her side, place hand of upper arm under chin to support head, and flex leg to prevent rolling |
recovery position |
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raise the victim's leg -- to -- inches |
8 to 12 in. |
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it allows the blood to drain from the legs back to the heart |
raising legs 8 to 12 in. |
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it will affect the breathing of the victim by moving the abdominal organs pushed up against the diaphragm |
raising legs more than 12 in. |
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when body fails to maintain normal body temperature |
hypothermic |
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an average sized adult has about --- of blood, an can safely lose a --- during blood donation |
6 quarts; pint |
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rapid blood loss of --- or --- can lead to (2) |
one quart or more; shock and death |
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a child losing -- of blood is in extreme danger |
one pint |
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is when blood can be seen coming from an open wound |
external bleeding |
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(3) types of external bleeding |
arterial bleeding, venous bleeding, capillary bleeding |
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blood spurts from the wound |
arterial bleeding |
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this is the most serious because blood is being pumped out at a faster rate, leading to greater blood loss |
arterial bleeding |
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bleeding that is less likely to clot |
arterial bleeding |
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blood flows or gushes |
venous bleeding |
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it is easier to control than --- |
venous bleeding; arterial bleeding |
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most veins collapse when cut |
venous bleeding |
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blood oozes from capillaries |
capillary bleeding |
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most common type of bleeding and is easily controlled |
capillary bleeding |
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clots off by itself |
capillary bleeding |
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the body naturally responds to bleeding by (2) |
blood vessel spasm, and clotting |
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arteries contain small amounts of muscle tissues in their walls |
blood vessel spasm |
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special elements (---) in the blood form a --- which seals over the hole in --to--minutes |
(platelets); clot; 5 to 10 mins |
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if bleeding doesnt stop in -- minutes, the pressure may be too light or in the wrong location |
10 mins |
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exists where an artery is near the skin's surface and where it passes close to a bone against which it can be compressed |
pressure point |
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used in checking the circulation in an arm or leg |
capillary refill test |
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used to control the bleeding when direct pressure cannot be applied |
ring pad |
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ring pad is made by using a --- |
narrow bandage |
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occurs when the skin is unbroken, and blood is not seen |
internal bleeding |
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it can ne difficult to detect and can be life threatening |
internal bleeding |
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at the side of the neck where you feel to check circulation |
carotid artery |
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for bruises, apply ice pack for -- minutes |
20 mins |
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this happens when the blood supply to parts of the heart muscle itself is severely reduced or stopped |
heart attack |
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this happens when one of the coronary arteries is blocked by an obstruction or spasm |
heart attack |
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classic heat stroke has --% death rate even with medical attention |
50% |
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these affect healthy, active individuals who work or play strenuously under a warm environment |
exertional heat stroke |
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50% of its victims will be sweating |
exertional heat stroke |
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should not be used to reduce the high body temperature because they have no effect |
acetaminophen or aspirin |
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the brain's ---- during heat stroke is at normal despite the high body temperature |
hypothalamic set point |
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call the --- |
Emergency Medical Service |
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(5) information that should be given to the Emergency Medical Service |
address of the victim's location and name, your name and phone number, nature of the emergency, number of persons needing help, the victim's condition |
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a form of cardiovascular disease affecting the arteries of the brain |
stroke |
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most commonly refers to a group of apparatus, equipment, or furnishing used for a particular activity |
paraphernalia |
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a container for catching material (urine) usualy for bedridden people |
dripping pan |
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a preparation containing the active ingredient of a substance in concentrated form |
extracts |
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amount of medicine or drug that someone takes or should take |
dosage |
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protein, fat, carbohydrates, alcohol |
energy value (of food) |
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unit of energy |
calorie |
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an instruction written by a medical practitioner that authorizes a patient to be provided a medicine |
prescription |
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the process of making something free from bacteria |
sterilization |