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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cell wall (made of)
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cellulose
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Cell wall (function)
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structure and protection - lies outside cell membrane
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Cell wall (found in what cells?)
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Plants and bacteria
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Cell wall
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organelle (definition)
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well-defined sub-cellular structure with a particular function
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Nucleus (function)
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control center of the cell; contains DNA (chromatin/chromosomes)
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Nucleus (location)
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center-ish of cell; central location
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nucleus
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chromatin
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made of DNA and proteins; unwound chromosomes
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chromosomes
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highly condensed chromatin; look like x's
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nucleoplasm
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semifluid found inside nucleus
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Nucleolus (looks like)
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dark patch in center of nucleus
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Nucleolus (function)
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where rRNA is produced; where rRNA and proteins are combined to form ribosomes
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Nucleolus
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Nuclear envelope (structure)
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double membrane with pores in it and continuous with the Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Nuclear envelope
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allows the bidirectional movement of proteins, ribosomal subunits and mRNA
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Nuclear envelope
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Nuclear pores
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selectively allow things to move in/out of the nucleus
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Ribosomes (location)
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found free floating in cytoplasm or attached to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Ribosomes (function)
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Produce protein
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Ribosomes (structure)
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Made up of 2 subunits; each subunit is composed of rRNA and protein
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Ribosomes
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Polyribosomes
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many ribosomes that are associating with one piece of mRNA at a time
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Endomembrane system (composed of)
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nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, several vesicles
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Vesicles
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tiny membranous sacs that are used to transport things around the cell
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Vesicle
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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (structure)
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Stacks of flattened vesicles that are continuous with the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope; has ribosomes attached to its surface
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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (function)
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Production of proteins (outside) & modification and processing of newly made proteins (inside)
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Rough endoplasmic Reticulum
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (structure)
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Connected to the R.E.R.; does NOT have ribosomes attached to its surface
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (function)
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Produce various lipids (phospholipids, steroids); detoxifies drugs; stores various minerals
*different locations in body have different functions |
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Golgi Apparatus (structure)
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Stacks of flattened and slightly curved sacs
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Golgi apparatus (function)
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Collects, sorts, packages and distributes materials such as protein and lipids
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Golgi apparatus
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Secretion
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When vesicles carrying contents fuse with the cell membrane and release their contents.
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Lysosomes
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Vesicles, made at Golgi, that contain digestive enzymes
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Vacuole
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Large membranous sac (much larger than a vesicle) that is used for storage
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vacuole
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Peroxisome
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Membrane bound vesicles that contain enzymes whose action will produce peroxide as a product of its action
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Chloroplasts (function)
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Use solar energy to synthesize carbs through photosynthesis
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Chloroplasts (are found in?)
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plants, algae, cyanobacteria
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Chloroplasts (structure)
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Two membranes that enclose a space (stroma) and stacked structures (grana)
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chloroplast
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Mitochondria (function)
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Produce ATP from oxygen and sugar through the process of cellular respiration
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Mitochondria (structure)
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Two membranes that enclose a space (matrix) and fingerlike projections (cristae)
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Mitochondria (in a plant cell)
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Mitochondria (in animal cell)
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