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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
On average, first marriages end in divorce late about....
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8 years
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Marriage is..
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a socially approved mating relationship that is expected to be stable and enduring
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miscegenation laws
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prohibit interracial marriages
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common-law marriage
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a nonceremonial form of marriage through cohabitation or evidence of consummation (sexual intercourse)
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bigamy
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marrying a second person while a first marriage is still legal
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traditional marriage deinition
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a unit made up of two or more people who are related by blood, marriage or adoption who live together, form an economic unit and bear and raise children
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modern marriage definition
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an intimate environment in which two or more people live together in a committed relationship, see their identity as attached to that of the group in important ways and share functions and close emotional ties
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nuclear family
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made up of a husband, wife and their biological or adopted children
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Family structures, no matter how defined, typically fulfill 5 important functions:
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legitimize sexual activity, bear and raise children, provide economic security, offer emotional support and establish family members places in society
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endogamy
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cultural rules that specify that people marry or have sexual relations within a certain group
ex. jews marrying jews, a certain social class, age or race/ethnicity |
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Exogamy
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a cultural rule that require marriage outside the group, such as not marrying ones relatives
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Socialization
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a process through which children acquire language, absorb knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and values of their culture they need if they are to function effectively in society
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roles
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one method of socialization where the obligations and expectations attatched to a particular situation or position
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primary groups
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those characterized by close, long-lasting, intimate and face-to-face interaction
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secondary groups
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impersonal and short-term relationships in which people work together on common tasks or activities
ex. classmates or coworkers |
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family of orientation
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the family that adopts or raises a child
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family of procreation
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when a member of a fmily leaves to marry or cohabit
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kinship system
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a network of people who are related by blood, marriage or adoption
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extended family
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the most common family form; in which two ore more generations live together or in adjacent buildings
ex. family of orientation and the family of procreation |
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monogamy
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one person married exclusively to another person
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serial monogamy
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marry several people, but one at a time
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polygamy
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when a man or woman has 2 or more spouses
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polygyny
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one man married to two or more women
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polyandry
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one woman married to two or more men
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self sufficiency: common or not?
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Few families in past or present have been self-sufficient
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3 Perspectives on the Changing Family
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1) The family is in state of "extreme collapse" (E.R. Groves) Many blame it on women in the workforce instead of at home.
ex. High divorce rates, too much luxury and extreme independence 2) Family is changing and not deteriorating. They say out of wedlock birth, child abuse and desertion have always existed ex. Poor families still are happy and loving relationships 3) Family is stronger than ever. Women treated much better and children closer with grandparents. |
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What are the 2 demographic changes which have had far-reaching consequences for family life?
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1) Birth rates have declined.
2) Average age of population has risen from 17 to nearly 36. Both of these lead to "empty-nest syndrome" at an earlier age and prolonged widowhood. |
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Singles make up one of the fastest groups. True or False.
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True. Due to young adults postponing marriage so likely to then outlive partner.
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One in five people are either foreign born or first generation US residents. True or False.
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True. Latinos are now the largest minority group.
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Micro-level perspective
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social scientists use this in order to study people's choices by focusing on individuals social interactions in specific settings
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macro-level perspective
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using large-scale patterns that characterize society as a whole
ex. economic forces, technological forces, popular culture, social movements and family policies |
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The nuclear family was the most prevalent family form both in England and the first settlements in the US. True or false?
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True
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Most settlements were small and each family was a "little commonwealth" containing..
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a self-sufficient business, a school, vocational institute, miniature church, house of correction and welfare institution
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bundling
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when a fully dressed young man and woman spent the night in a bed together, separated by a wooden board
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What percentage of children died before their first birthday?
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10-30%. ANd fewer than 2 out of 3 children lived to see their tenth birthday
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