Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Frequency Matching |
By group Distribution of matching factors same in cases andcontrols (or exposed and unexposed) but not matchedindividually |
|
Individual Matching |
By case-control By cohort (exposed-unexposed) |
|
Distance Matching |
Individual matching for multiple factors. Useful for situations with continuous or many factors |
|
Purpose of Matching |
Improve efficiency by protecting against confounder distributions dramatically different between cases and controls (or exposed and unexposed)
Control unmeasured confounders |
|
Disadvantages of matching |
|
|
What variables should be matched |
|
|
Case-control matching |
Studies tend to be small so there is concern aboutoverlap in distribution of confounders if the cases ofdisease differ from the study base dramatically onstrong confounder(s) (e.g., age) |
|
Cohort Matching |
|
|
Overmatching |
|
|
If you mistakenly match on a collider or pathway variable... |
this induces selection bias |
|
Frequency matching: case-control |
|
|
Frequency matching: cohort |
Confounding is removed by the matching and no need tocontrol for the matching factors |
|
Pair Matching |
Extreme of when you have a set of matching factors with a largenumber of discrete levels, few individuals will share allvalues |
|
Pair Matching OR |
OR = B/C |
|
Breaking the match: Cohort |
|
|
Breaking the match: case-control |
measure of association will be biased |
|
Relationship between pair and frequency matching |
|
|
Main purpose of matching |
|
|
Propensity score matching |
|
|
Region of support |
|