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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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small cone of endocrine tisue located in epithalamus
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pineal gland
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produces serotonin during daytime
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pineal gland
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produces melatonin during nighttime
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pineal gland
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seems to be associated with body's diurnal dark-light guide
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pineal gland
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overproduction may contribute to Seasonal Affective Disorder or PMS
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pineal gland
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butterfly shaped gland
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thyroid gland
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divided into two lateral lobes on either side of trachea just below larynx
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thyroid gland
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contains follicular cells that produce & secrete T3 & T4
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thyroid gland
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contain C cells that produce & secrete calcitonin (CT)
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thyroid gland
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release hormones t3 & t4 in responses to TSH increase metabolic rate
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thyroid gland
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release of hormones has a calorigenic effect
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thyroid gland
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realease of hormones cause cells to use more oxygen & produce body heat
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thyroid gland
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release of hormones increase fat breakdown & uses of glucose for ATP production
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thyroid gland
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hormones combine with GH & insulin to accelerate body growth
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thyroid gland
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releases calcitonin that lowers blood levels of calcium by inhibiting osteoclasts & increasing osteoblast
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thyroid gland
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hyposecretion during infancy can cause cretinism
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thyroid gland
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goiter
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thyroid gland
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enlarged thyroid gland due to insufficient iodine in diet
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thyroid gland
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a small round masses of tissue attached to posterior surface of each lateral love of thyroid gland
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parathyroid gland
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produces PTH
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parathyroid gland
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hormone raises blood calcium levels by promoting calcitriol synthesis
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parathyroid gland
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increases osteoclast breakdown of bone to release calcium into blood
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parathyroid gland
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increases rate at which kidneys remove calcium from urine
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parathyroid gland
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too little causes calcium deficiency that impairs neuromuscular activity leading to muscle twithces, spasms, and convulsions associated with tetany
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parathyroid gland
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too much causes removal of large quantities of calcium fromb ones leaving them brittle & usceptible to spontaneus fractures
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parathyroid gland
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located in mass of fat superior to each kidney
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adrenal glands
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organized into outer cortex & inner medulla
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adrenal glands
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has medulla which consists of hormone-producing chromaffin cells
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adrenal glands
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responds to sympathetic preganglionic neurons by secreting epi & nEpi
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adrenal glands
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supplement effects produced by sympathetic division of ANS, but they last longer
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adrenal glands
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small cone of endocrine tisue located in epithalamus
|
pineal gland
|
|
|
produces serotonin during daytime
|
pineal gland
|
|
|
produces melatonin during nighttime
|
pineal gland
|
|
|
seems to be associated with body's diurnal dark-light guide
|
pineal gland
|
|
|
overproduction may contribute to Seasonal Affective Disorder or PMS
|
pineal gland
|
|
|
butterfly shaped gland
|
thyroid gland
|
|
|
divided into two lateral lobes on either side of trachea just below larynx
|
thyroid gland
|
|
|
contains follicular cells that produce & secrete T3 & T4
|
thyroid gland
|
|
|
contain C cells that produce & secrete calcitonin (CT)
|
thyroid gland
|
|
|
release hormones t3 & t4 in responses to TSH increase metabolic rate
|
thyroid gland
|
|
|
release of hormones has a calorigenic effect
|
thyroid gland
|
|
|
realease of hormones cause cells to use more oxygen & produce body heat
|
thyroid gland
|
|
|
release of hormones increase fat breakdown & uses of glucose for ATP production
|
thyroid gland
|
|
|
hormones combine with GH & insulin to accelerate body growth
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thyroid gland
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|
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releases calcitonin that lowers blood levels of calcium by inhibiting osteoclasts & increasing osteoblast
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thyroid gland
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causes increases in blood pressure, heart rate, respiration & cellular metabolism
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adrenal glands
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increases cellular metabolism by stimulating hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose and syntehsis of glucose from amino acids & fatty acids
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adrenal glands
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subdivided into 3 zones each secreting different corticosteroids
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adrenal glands
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zona glomerulosa
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adrenal glands
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secretes mineral corticoids
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adrenal glands
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aldosterone
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adrenal glands
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hormone causes increase in reabsorption of sodium ions & excretion of potassium ions by kidneys
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adrenal glands
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zona fasciculata
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adrenal glands
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sescretes glucocorticoids
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adrenal glands
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cortisol & corticosterone
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adrenal glands
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promote breakdown of proteins & lipids into amino acids & fatty acids
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adrenal glands
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make more glucose available so body is more alert & preparted to deal with stress
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adrenal glands
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anti-inflammatory compounds
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adrenal glands
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relieve swelling & other signts of inflammation
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adrenal glands
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zona reticularis
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adrenal glands
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secretes androgens that get converted into testosterone
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adrenal glands
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contribute to secondary sexual characteristics, sex drive & sexual behavior
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adrenal glands
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concentration of sex hormones secreted by adrenal glands is insignificant compared to gonads
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adrenal glands
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adrenogenital syndrome
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adrenal glands
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overproduction in females results in masculinization of secondary sexual characteristics
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adrenal glands
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flattened organ located inferior/posterior to stomach
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pancreas
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islets perform endocrine functions
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pancreas
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alpha, beta & delta cells
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pancreas
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secrete glucagon to stimulate liver to convert glycogen, lactic acid & amino acids into glucose & then release glucose into blood
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pancreas
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glucagon secretion
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pancreas
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low blood sugar levels trigger glucagon secretion to increase blood levels of glucose
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pancreas
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insulin secretion
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pancreas
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regulated by negative feedback
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pancreas
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high blood sugar levels trigger its release to reduce blood levels of glucoses
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pancreas
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secrete somatostatin
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pancreas
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inhibits secretion of glucagon & insulin
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pancreas
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slows absorption of nutrients from gastrointestinal tract
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pancreas
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low blood sugar, results from overproduction of insulin
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pancreas
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diabetes mellitus
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pancreas
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group of disorders that lead to elevated levels of glucose in blood producing excess glucose in urine
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pancreas
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type 1 destroys insulin producing beta cells
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pancreas
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type 2 occurs most often among people over 40 & who are overweight
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pancreas
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