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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When does birth lenght double?
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by 4 years
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when does the child sit unsupported
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8 months
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When does a child achieve 50% of adult ht?
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2 years
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When does a child throw a ball overhand?
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18 months
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When does a child speak 2-3 word sentences
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2 years
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When does a child use scissors
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4 years
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when does a child tie shoes
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5 years
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Do girls or boys have a growth spurt earlier?
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girls
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Are temper tantrums common in toddlers
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yes, they are considered normal
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Be aware that adolescence is a time when the child forms his or her identity and that rebellion against fmaily values is common for this age group
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woohoo let the good times roll
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When does birth wt double
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6months
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When does birth wt triple
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12 months
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When does theh posterior fontanel close
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by 8 wks
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Social smile occurs when
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at 2 months
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moro reflex disappears around
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4 months
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transfers objects from hand to hand at
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7 months
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fine pincer grasp appears at
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10-12 months
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develops stranger anxiety at
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7-9 months
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sits unsupported at
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8 mo
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crawls at
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10 mo
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walks with assistance
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10-12 mo
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toys for hospilized infants should include
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mobiles, rattles, squeaking toys, picture books, balls, colored blocks, and activity boxes
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achieves 50% of adult ht by
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2 years
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all primary teeth are present when
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toddler 1-3 years
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kicks ball at
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24 month
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2-3 word sentences spoken by
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2 years
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3-4 word sentences spoken by
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3 yrs
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own first and last name can be stated by
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2.5 to 3 yrs
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What are toddlers in according to Erikson?
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autonomy vs shame and doubt
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For the toddler should security objects from home be provided?
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yes
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A child's home routine should not be respected during a hosptial stay? T or F
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FALSE
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Board and amllet; push/pull toys; toy telephones; stuffed animals; and storybooks with pictures are for what age range?
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Toddlers 1-3 yrs
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__________are learning to name body parts and are concerned about their bodies
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toddlers
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How do you support autonomy with a toddler?
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provide choices
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When does a child learn to run, jump, skip, and hop?
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preschool 3-5 yrs
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Can a 3 yr old ride a tricycle?
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yes
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Handedness is established when?
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preschool 3-5 yrs
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Imaginary playmates and fears are common when?
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preschool 3-5 yrs
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Aggressiveness at _____yrs is replaced by more independence at ________yrs
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4
5 |
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According to Erikson, where is a preschool child at?
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Initiative vs guilt
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What should be explained to a preschool age child that is hospitalized?
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That the child did not cause the illness and that painful procedures are not a punishment for misdeeds
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Fear of mutilation by procedures is common at which stage?
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preschool 3-5 yrs
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When does a female experience menarche?
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school age 6-12 yrs
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When does a child experience loss of primary teeth and eruption of most permanent teeth
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school age 6-12 yrs
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T or F Socialization with peers becomes important in preschool 3-5 year olds?
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FALSE, its school age children
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According to Erikson, what stage is are the school age children in 6-12 years?
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industry vs inferiority
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At what age do children need more support from parents than they want to admit?
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school age 6-12 yrs
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Board games; card games; hobbies such as stamp collecting, puzzles and video games are for what stage?
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school age 6-12 years
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When do boys catch up the growth spurt?
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around 14
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what stage do secondary sex characteristics develop?
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adolescent 12-19 yrs
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When do girls finish growth?
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15
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when do boys finish growth
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around 17
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When does adult thinking begin?
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around 15
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When can children use abstract thinking?
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adolescent 12-19 yrs
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Erikson stage for adolescents? 12-19 yrs
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identity vs role confusion
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In adolescent, should all teaching be done with parents present?
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no
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When teaching adolescents, what should be the focus?
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on the here and now
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What is an infants concept of bodily injury?
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their cognitive development allows them to remember pain
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What is a toddlers concept of bodily harm?
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they fear intrusive procedures
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What is a preschoolers concept of bodily harm?
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they fear bodily mutilation
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What is a school age child concept of bodily injury?
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fear loss of control of their bodies
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What is an adolescents concept of bodily injury?
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change in body image
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How do assess for pain in young children?
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increased hr, increased resp rate, diaphoresis and decreased o2 levels
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non pharm methods for infants pain relief
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pacifiers, holding, rocking
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non pharm methods for toddlers and preschoolers for pain relief
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distraction
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non pharm pain interventions for school aged
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guided imagery
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How is rubeola transmitted
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direct contac with droplets
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Symptoms of measles are
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koplik spots on buccal mucosa and confluent rash that begins on face and spreads downward
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How are chicken pox transmitted?
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direct contac; droplet spread; or freshly contaqminated objects
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What effect does rubella have on an unborn fetus?
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teratogenic during first trimester
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how is rubella transmitted
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droplet and direct contact with infected person
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Describe rubella
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discrete red maculopapular rash taht starts on face and rapidly spreads to entire body
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What is pertussis
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whooping cough
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How is pertussis transmitted
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direct contact; droplet spread; or freshly contaminated onjects
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How do you tx pertussis
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erythromycin
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When does iron deficiency occur most commonly in children?
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12-36 months
adolescent females females in childbearing years |
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What are three conditions assocaited with diarrhea?
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dehydration
metabolic acidosis (out the ass) shock |
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Signs of dehydration
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poor skin turgor
absence of tears dry mucous membranes wt loss depressed fontanel decreased urinary output increased specific gravity |
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Lab signs of acidosis
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loss of bicarb (serum ph <7.33)
loss of NA and K through stool elevated Hct elevated BUN |
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If a child has diarrhea what fluids should you NOT give them?
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grape juice
orange juice apple juice cola ginger ale these have high osmolality |
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When is it OK to add K+ to IV fluids?
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only with adequate urine output
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A child under 2 has a greater or lesser central body surface area in relation to older kids or adults
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greater
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Do children have greater or lesser fluid volume?
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greater
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Are rules of 9's used in children to assess burns?
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no
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What is urinary output for infants and children?
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1-2 ml/kg/hr
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Is the use of ipecac still recommended for accidently poisoning?
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NO, it may do more harm than good
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List 2 contranindications to live virus immunization
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Immunocompromised child or a child in a house hold with an immunocompromised individual
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List 3 classic signs and symptoms of measles
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Photophobia; confluent rash that begins on the face and spreads downwards; and Koplik spots on the buccal mucosa
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List the s & s of iron deficiency
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anemia; pale conjunctiva; pale skin color; atrophy of papillae on tongue; brittle, ridged, or spoonshaped nails; thyroid edema
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Identify food sources of vitamin A
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liver; sweet potatoes; carrots; spniach; peaches; apricots
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What disease occurs with vitamin C deficiency?
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Scurvy
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What measurements reflect present nutritional status
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Wt; skinfold thickness; arm circumference
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List the s & s of dehydration in an infant
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poor skin turgor; absence of tears; dry mucous membranes; wt loss; depressed fontanel; and decreased urine output
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How should burns in children be assessed
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by using the Lund Browder chart, which takes into account the changing proportions of the child's body
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How can the nurse best eval the adequacy of fluid replacement in children?
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urine output
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how should a parent be instructed to child proof a house
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lock all cabniets, safely store all toxic household items in locked cabinets; and examine the house from the child's point of view
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What interventions should the nurse perform first in caring for a child who has ingested a poison?
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assessment of the child's resp, cardiac, and neurologic status
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