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150 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How many miles above the earth's surface is the ozone layer? |
12 to 25 miles |
|
Which atom destroys the ozone most? |
Chlorine |
|
Which atom destroys the ozone least? |
hydrogen |
|
The ozone layer was formed about |
1 billion years ago |
|
CFCs were developed in the early |
1930s |
|
What does Y represent in the chemical reaction below? O3 + Y -> O2 + O |
UVB |
|
Which of the following is not a halogen atom? |
hydrogen |
|
CFCs (chloro-fluoro-carbons) were used in |
foams |
|
Which of the following is not a green-house gas? |
oxygen |
|
A hole (50% reduction) in the Antartic ozone layer was first observed in the |
1980s |
|
CFCs were used in |
all of the above |
|
Which of the following ultraviolet light that mostly destroys the ozone? |
UVB |
|
Which of these greenhouse gases has the highest percentage composition in the atmosphere? |
water vapor |
|
60% of the CFC-12 will disappear form the atmosphere in about |
116 years |
|
60% of the CFC-11 will disappear from the atmosphere in about |
55 years |
|
Acidic deposition |
often crosses national boundaries, creating international disputes |
|
You have been hired by a rapidly growing small city to improve the air quality, which has deteriorated in the past 10 years. Your first suggestion is |
to improve transportation options, including carpool lanes, buses, and light rail |
|
Which of the following is a consequence of acidic deposition? |
It changes soil chemistry, leaching out important minerals |
|
Which of the following can result in the formation of acids in the atmosphere? |
nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides |
|
Air pollution may result in adverse effects upon |
all of the above |
|
The largest source of volatile organic compounds as air pollutants is what? |
industry |
|
The recent increase of the world average temperature correlates with the recent rise of the concentration of atmospheric |
carbon dioxide |
|
During the Little Ice Age the average world temperature drop was about |
4˚F |
|
The Little Ice Age lasted about |
500 years |
|
July and August are such hot months for the Northern Hemisphere because |
the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun |
|
The earth's axis is tilted to a line normal to the plane of the ellipse at an angle of |
23.45˚ |
|
The winter season is from |
December 22 to March 21 |
|
Which type of UV radiation is needed to produce vitamin D? |
UVA |
|
The wavelength of UVA radiation is |
320-380 nm |
|
Which type of uv radiation is responsible for the most DNA damage at the earth's surface? |
UVB |
|
The wavelength of UVC radiation is |
250-290 nm |
|
Which UV radiation is mostly filtered by the atmosphere? |
UVC |
|
Which of the following on the electromagnetic spectrum has the lowest/shortest wavelength? |
Gamma rays |
|
Which of the following on the spectrum has the highest/longest wavelength? |
AM radio |
|
Which color has the highest frequency on the electromagnetic spectrum? |
violet |
|
The ________ is the unit of frequency |
hertz |
|
The _____ is the unit of wavelength |
meter |
|
How many nanometers are in a.... |
meter? one billion, 10^9 millimeter? one million, 10^6 micron? one thousand, 10^3 |
|
Visible light has wavelengths in the range |
400-680 nm |
|
Increased radiation in the range 288 - 290 nm may |
all of the above |
|
Which of the following is not a layer on the earth's atmosphere? |
biosphere |
|
Which is the farthest layer from the earth's surface? |
exosphere |
|
Which is the most turbulent region in the earth's atmosphere? |
troposphere |
|
99% of the uv radiation that reaches the earth's surface is UVB |
false |
|
The pollutant responsible for ozone holes is |
CFC |
|
The most deadly form of skin cancer is |
malignant melanoma |
|
In the equation c= f lambda. What does the variable lambda represent? |
wavelength
|
|
Put the following waves in order of increasing wavelength I. FM radio II. AM radio III. microwaves |
III. microwaves, I. FM radio, II. AM radio |
|
Arrange the following regions in order of decreasing wavelength starting with the highest wavelength. I. UV light II. infrared III. visible |
Infrared light, visible light, uv light |
|
Arrange the following colors in order of increasing wavelengths, starting with the lowest wavelength I. red II. violet III. green |
violet, green, and red
|
|
The largest portion of the atmospheric gases by weight is |
nitrogen |
|
Weather patterns are largely determined in the |
troposphere |
|
Tropospheric ozone |
is produced through the interaction of heat and light, with nitrogen oxides and other carbon-containing compounds |
|
One of the problems that occurs as a consequence of CFC pollution is |
increasing skin cancer in humans |
|
Air near Earth's surface tends to be |
warmer and wetter; then it rises, expanding, and cooling |
|
The reason that temperature increases with altitude through most of the stratosphere is |
heat released by absorption of UV radiation by oxygen and ozone |
|
The wavelength of a wave is 8 meters. The frequency of the wave is 2 Hz. What is the speed of the wave? |
16 m/s |
|
Which uv radiation is mostly filtered by the atmosphere? |
UVC |
|
Seasons are a result of |
differences in the amount and intensity of sunlight brought about by the tilt of the axis |
|
A 760 rem exposure is likely to |
kill you |
|
The most commonly used unit of radiation exposure is |
rem |
|
Yearly ionizing radiation exposures are considered unsafe above |
0.2 rem |
|
A beta particle consists of |
an electron |
|
An alpha particle consists of |
two protons and two neutrons |
|
What is the number of protons in a carbon atom/nucleus? |
6 |
|
What is the number of neutrons in uranium 235 nucleus? |
143 |
|
What is the number of protons in a chlorine atom? |
17 |
|
Nuclear power plants emit all forms of greenhouse gases |
false |
|
Which is not true about nuclear power plants? |
need to build tall smoke stacks |
|
Which of the following is not true about beta particle? |
heavier |
|
What does this equation, E=hv represent? |
energy released by a photon |
|
The fundamental unit of radiation exposure is |
all of the above |
|
Which of the following states is not part of the MINK project? |
minnesota |
|
Which of the following does not fall under the MINK project category? |
New York |
|
If the atomic number of an element X is 6. What is the number of protons in the nucleus of X? |
6 |
|
Which is an economic crop grown in the United States? |
all of the above |
|
The speed of light about |
299 million meters per second |
|
IF the atomic number of an element X is 6. Which element is X in the periodic table? |
none of the above |
|
In the equation given as c = f lambda. What does the variable lambda represent? |
wavelength |
|
Increased heat deaths, disease, and less potable water are likely consequences of |
global warming |
|
What percentage of all the people in the world live near sea level? |
60% |
|
Global warming may lead to |
all of the above |
|
During photosynthesis, plants use oxygen and produce carbon dioxde |
false |
|
Rising in sea level as a result of global warming can lead to |
all of the above |
|
By the year 2100, the rise in sea level is estimated to be about |
one half meter |
|
Glucose can be converted into other molecules such as? |
all of the above |
|
The chemical symbol C6H12O6 represents? |
glucose |
|
It was predicted that for a temperature rise of about 1˚C by the year 2030 will cause us productivity to |
drop by 25% |
|
Which of the following is true regarding water contamination and treatment? |
many contaminants do not affect the taste or appearance of water |
|
Pet dogs and cats can create potential health risks of asthma attacks for household members |
true |
|
Which of the following air pollution has shown the greatest decline in recent years? |
lead |
|
Which of the following air pollution has shown the least decline in recent years? |
nitrogen oxides |
|
Air pollution may result in adverse effects upon |
all of the above |
|
The most effective ventilation system for a home is |
a mechanical system that exhausts air to the outside |
|
Microwave radiation comes from FM radio, tv, and cell phones |
true |
|
When radon decays it releases |
an alpha particle |
|
Us 235U stable? |
No |
|
IS 238U stable? |
Yes |
|
Is 222Rn stable? |
no |
|
Eventually Rn 222 decays into |
lead |
|
Lower radiation doses below 400 rem can lead to |
all of the above |
|
What is the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an element with mass number of 35, and atomic number of 17? |
18 |
|
Compared to the radio waves used in normal radio broadcasts, the microwaves used for satellite transmissions have |
higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths |
|
Radioactive isotope technetium-99m has a half-life of 6 hours. What fraction of a sample of technetium-99m remains after 24 hours? |
1/16 |
|
Radioactive element has a half life of 3 hours. How long will it take for 1/8 of that element to remain? |
9 hours |
|
Two different isotopes of the same element have the |
same number of protons and electrons, but different numbers of neutrons |
|
Radon |
may cause damage to respiratory tissues when inhaled |
|
Why does FM radio sound richer than AM radio? |
FM has a larger bandwidth |
|
Which of the following is not true about radon gas? |
distinct color |
|
The maunder minimum refers to |
a minimum in solar sunspot activity |
|
What natural force triggered the LIA? |
all of the preceeding |
|
Which of the following gases are released during a volcanic eruption? i. carbon dioxide ii. water vapor iii. carbon monoxide iv. sulfur dioxide |
i. carbon dioxide
ii. water vapor iv. sulfur dioxide |
|
How many major volcanic eruptions took place each century during the LIA? |
5 |
|
It is estimated that the percentage of lung cancer deaths due to radon is |
10% |
|
When radon decays it releases |
an alpha particle |
|
Formaldehyde may be found in |
all of the above |
|
Sick building syndrome (SBS) encompassing a number of related effects that include |
all of the above |
|
Legionnaire's disease was first observed in 1976 in |
Philadelphia |
|
Formaldehyde is |
soluble in water |
|
Which of the following nucleus is identical to an alpha particle? |
helium |
|
Microwaves have wavelengths between |
1 millimeter to 1 meter |
|
Microwaves have frequency between |
300 MHz to 300 GHz |
|
What does "AM" stand for? |
amplitude modulation |
|
What does "FM" stand for? |
frequency modulation |
|
The half life of radon is about |
3 - 4 days |
|
What is the difference between 63 CU and 65 CU? |
two neutrons |
|
Which is not an electro magnetic wave? |
sound |
|
Lead enters the atmosphere as a particulate pollutant. This is a problem because it |
causes central nervous system malfunction in humans |
|
A great deal of indoor air pollution comes from |
carpets and furniture |
|
In developed countries, the two most deadly sources of indoor pollution are |
radon and cigarette smoke |
|
Bacteria and fungal spores can be included as |
contributors to indoor pollutants |
|
Particulate matter dispersed as aerosols |
may cause damage to respiratory tissues when inhaled
|
|
The long term health effects of indoor air pollution |
are not well understood; studies are under way |
|
Factor influencing home environment health risks include |
all of the above |
|
Which of the following groups is considered to be the most susceptible to harmful products in the home |
young teenagers and older adults |
|
Which of the following is a health hazard often found in kitchen cabinets and furniture? |
formaldehyde |
|
Which of the following is a naturally occurring health risk that may be present in a home? |
radon |
|
Poor home maintenance often contribute to which health hazard? |
mold |
|
Health effects from indoor air pollutants are complicated because |
sensitivity varies tremendously from person to person |
|
Which of the following affect the energy, durability, and comfort performance of a building? |
use of building materials to avoid destructive elements of sun, wind, and moisture |
|
Which homes tend to contain more hazardous building materials? |
older homes |
|
Excess moisture within a building can lead to |
all of the above |
|
Mold growth can begin on a damp carpet within |
1-2 days |
|
In order to protect the occupant's health, it is important to make a house as air tight as possible |
false |
|
Which of the following diseases is not associated with cigarette smoking? |
colon cancer |
|
Which of the following is a source of indoor air pollution? |
all of the above |
|
Air pollution may result in adverse effects upon |
all of the above |
|
The driving force for radon to enter homes by easily seeping through cracks and joints is |
pressure difference |
|
Fluids such as gasoline, paint solvents, and organic cleaning solutions release |
volatile organic compounds |
|
The largest source of volatile organic compounds as air pollutants is what? |
industry |