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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
albumin
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protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood.
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anisocytosis
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abnormality of red blood cells; unequal and increase in the number of cells
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antibody (AB)
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protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens
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anticoagulant
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inhibit blood clotting, so clots do not form
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antigen
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substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of an antibody
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basophil
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white blood cell containing granules that stain blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin
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bilirubin
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orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells die
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coagulation
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blood clotting
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coagulopathy
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bleeding disorder
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colony-stimulating factor (CSF)
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protein that stimulates the growth and proliferation of white blood cells
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cytology
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the study of cells, their origin, structure, function, and pathology
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differentiation
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change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization
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electrophoresis
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method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge
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eosinophil
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white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reaction
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eosinophilia
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An abnormal increase in the number of a specific type of white blood cell
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erythrocyte
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red blood cell
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erythropoiesis
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formation of red blood cells
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erythroblast
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an immature form of a red blood cell. It is normally found only in bone marrow and contains hemoglobin.
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erythropoietin (EPO)
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hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell formation
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fibrin
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protein threads that form the basic of a blood clot
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fibrinogen
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plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process
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globulin
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plasma protein; alpha, beta, and gamma (immune) globulins are examples
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granulocyte
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white blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules; eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophil
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granulocytopenia
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abnormally low number of granular white blood cells in the blood.
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hematopoiesis
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the formation and development of blood cells
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hemoglobin
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blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells
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hemoglobinopathy
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A disorder caused by or associated with the presence of abnormal hemoglobins in the blood.
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hemolysis
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destruction or breakdown of blood ( red blood cells)
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heparin
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anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells
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hypochromic
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decreased concentration of hemoglobin in red blood cells
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immune reaction
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response of the immune system to foreign invasion
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immunoglobulin
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protein with antibody activity; examples are IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD
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leukapheresis
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The removal of a quantity of white blood cells from the blood of a donor with the remaining portions of the blood retransfused into the donor.
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leukocyte
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white blood cells
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leukopenia
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An abnormally low number of white blood cells in the circulating blood.
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lymphocyte
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mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies
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macrocytosis
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erythrocytes that are larger than normal
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macrophage
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monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue space. As a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris
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megakaryocyte
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large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow
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microcytosis
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erythrocytes that are smaller then normal
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monoblast
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immature cell that develops into a monocyte.
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monocyte
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leukocyte with one large nucleus. it is a cell that engulfs foreign material and debris. Monocytes become macrophages as they leave the blood and enter body tissues
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mononuclear
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pertaining to a cell with a single round nucleus; lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes
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morphology
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the study of form
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myeloblast
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An immature cell in the granulocytic series, occurring normally in bone marrow but not in the blood.
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myelodysplasia
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Abnormal development of the spinal cord.
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myeloid
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derived from, or resembling bone marrow or the spinal cord
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myelopoiesis
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The formation of bone marrow or of blood cells derived from bone marrow.
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neutropenia
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The presence of abnormally small numbers of neutrophils in the blood
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neutrophil
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granulocytic leukocyte found in bone marrow. it is a phagocytic tissue-fighting cell. also called a polymorphonuclear leukocyte
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neutrophilia
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An increase of neutrophilic white blood cells in blood or tissues.
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pancytopenia
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marked reduction in the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
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phagocyte
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A cell, such as a white blood cell, that engulfs and absorbs waste material, harmful microorganisms, or other foreign bodies in the bloodstream and tissues.
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plasma
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liquid portion of blood; contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, hormones, and vitamins
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plasmapheresis
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removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge. Collected cells are retransfused back into the donor. Fresh-frozen plasma or salt solution is used to replace withdrawn plasma
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platelet
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small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process
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platelepheresis
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platelets are removed for the donor's blood and the remainder of the blood is reinfused into the donor.
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poikilocytosis
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irregularity in the shape of red blood cells
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polymorphonuclear
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Having nuclei of varied forms; denoting a variety of leukocyte.
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prothrombin
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plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process
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reticulocyte
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immature erythrocyte. A network of strands is seen after staining the cell with special dyes
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Rh Factor
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antigen on red blood cells of Rh-positive (RH+) individuals. The factor was first identified in the blood of a rhesus monkey.
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serum
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plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. Clear, yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot. It is formed from plasma, but does not contain protein-coagulation factors
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sideropenia
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An abnormally low level of iron in the blood serum.
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Spherocytosis
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in this condition, the erythrocyte has a round shape, making the cell fragile and easily able to be distorted
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stem cell
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unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms. A hematopoietic stem cell is the progenitor for all different types of blood cells
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thrombin
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enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
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thrombocyte
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platelet
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thrombocytopenia
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Thrombocytopenia is an abnormal drop in the number of blood cells involved in forming blood clots. These cells are called platelets.
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thrombolytic therapy
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Thrombolytic therapy is the use of drugs that dissolve blood clots
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thrombosis
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Formation or presence of a thrombus.
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