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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Is the innate immune response specific or non- specific? |
Non specific |
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What is the player of skin where dead cells and and keratin can be found? |
stratum corneum |
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What type of cells create mucus? |
goblet cells |
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how does h. pylori work? |
breaks down mucus in stomach and exposes lining of the stomach to the stomach acid causing ulcers |
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what do lysosomes do? |
break down cell walls of bacteria |
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what antibody does the lacrimal apparatus contain? |
Ig A |
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what are lipocalins? |
A family of proteins which transport small hydrophobic molecules such as steroids, bilins, retinoids, and lipids
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what is the ciliary escalator? anatomy? |
prevents particles and bacteria from entering lungs 9 dublets center |
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what happens in the disease pertussus? |
cilia sheds (from throat) |
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what do lysosomes in tears do? |
they bind to iron and makes it limited to bacteria and also flushes out the corea |
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this is found on the skin and is an unsaturated fatty acid with a low ph... |
sebum |
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perspiration contains lysosomes and ___________. |
salt |
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gastric secretions maintain a low pH that kills bacteria in the stomach what is it? |
1-3 pH |
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give 2 examples of microbial antagonism: |
lactobacillus in vagina e. coli in colon |
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what are transferring/ ferretins? |
iron binding plasma proteins (virulence factor) |
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what are siderophores? |
iron binding proteins that are produced by bacteria |
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lymphocytes, phagocytes and antibodies are all part of what body system? |
lymphatic |
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what does the thymus do? |
matures under developed t cells |
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what does the spleen do ? |
- filters pathogens in blood ( macrophage) - removes old blood cells - stores 240 ml of blood |
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are lymphocytes adaptive yes/ no? |
yes slightly adaptive |
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what are the 3 types of granulocytes? |
neutrophils basophils eosinophils |
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what is the most abundant leukocyte in the body? |
neutrophils 70 % |
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what is diapesis? |
when rbc's leave the vessel |
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true or false nuetrophils are phagocytic? |
true |
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what is pus? |
caused by bacteria, primarily dead neutrophils |
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these leukocytes tend to release when there is a parasitic infection: |
eosinophils |
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eosinophils make up what percentage of wbc's? |
1-6 |
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this agranular wbc is an antigen presenting cell: |
monocyte |
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what are PAMPs? |
Pathogen presenting molecular patterns - peptidoglycan - lipopolysaccharide - dsRNA |
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these 2 types of inflammatory mediators are released by wbc's: |
cytokines and chemokines |
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interleukin 12: |
activates nk cells |
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interleukin 6: |
increases antibody activity
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TNF a: |
increases vascular permeability |
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CXC- L8: |
attracts defensive cells to site of infection |
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what do cytokines and chemokine do? |
- release wbc due to infection - regulate inflammation and immune resp |
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what is a norm response to tissue damage? |
inflammation |
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what causes the redness and heat during inflammation? |
vasodilation |
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what causes the swelling and pain during inflammation? |
blood vessel permeability |
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describe phagocytic migration? |
- neutrophils and monocytes migrate to inf - stick to inner lining of vessels - pass into surrounding and engulf microorg. - chemotaxis |
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how many types of interferon are there? |
3 A B Lambda |
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when are the genes for interferon production produced? |
when the cell is infected |
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what are interferons? |
antiviral proteins that interfere with viral replication |
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how do interferons stop viral replication? |
indirectly by activating genes for antiviral proteins |
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what is the compliment system? |
process that activates inflammatory response |
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what are the 26 proteins in the liver called? |
serum |
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all bacteria are partially _______ charged? Why? |
- to allow antimicrobial proteins that are + charged to bind to them |
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