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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Crosslinkages between the 4 AA chains in the cell wall are catalyzed by what enzyme?
What drug targets it? |
Transpeptidase
Penecillin |
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What are 6 Gram positive bac?
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Staphylococcus
Streptococcus Clostridium Bacillus Corynebacterium Listeria |
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Which of the gram pos are spore forming rods?
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Clostridium and Bacillus
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Which of the gram pos rods are not spore forming?
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Corynebacterium and Listeria
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Non Gram neg and Non gram pos
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1. Mycobacterium-Acid fast
2. Spirochetes - gram neg, but additional outter mb for steath, also conceals periplasmic flagella 3.Mycoplasma - no cell wall |
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Erythromycin targets?
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50s subunit
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Tetracycline targets?
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30s subunit
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The only Gram neg coccus is?
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Neisseria
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Obligate intracellular parasites?
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Rikettsia and Chalmydia
Require host for energy |
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Vibrio Cholerae motility?
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Yes, Has long single polar flagells
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E.Coli, Proteus mirabolis Motility?
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yes, have many peritrichous flagella
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Shigella motility?
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NOPE
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Strep pneumoniae virulence?
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Capsule
-opsonization of capsule can help phagocytosis |
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The only gram pos who releases LPS (lipid A)?
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Listeria monocytogenes
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Regular Diarrhea caused by?
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Exotoxin of Vibrio Cholera, E. coli, campylobacter jejuni. etc
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Cholera toxin and heat labile E.coli toxin> increased cAMP levels which inhibits NaCl absorption> regular diarrhea and dehydration
E.coli heat stabile toxin> increased cGMP levels... |
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What causes bloody diarrhea?
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Shigella via Shiga toxin that kills intestinal cells> blood and poor absorption
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Two Pyrogenic toxins?
Ones bad, ones REALLY bad |
S.pyogenes> Scarlet fever (sepsis and IL1)
TSST from S.aureus> same thing |
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Tissue invasive toxins?
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Streptolysins, streptokinase, DNAases, Hyauluronidase, Collagenase, etc
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Streptolysin O vs S?
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Streptolysin O is Oxygen labile
Streptolysin S is oxygen stabile |
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Pertussis toxin?
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Whooping cough from Bordetella pertusis.
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Clostridium difficile toxins A and B?
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A causes diarhhrea via fluid secretion
B attacks cells> bloody diarrhea AKA pseudomembranous enterocolitis |
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Lactobacillus
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Gram positive, aciduric
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Staph Aureus toxicity?
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Coagulase + (rest staph are neg)
Protein A - binds to Fc of IgG preventing complement cascade TSST Hyaulronidase, exfoliatin, Beta-lactamase (inactivates pen) |
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Staphylococci Oxygen metabolism?
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Facultative anerobes
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Acid fast baceria
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Mycobacterium
Norcardia (weakly acid fast) -stain due to large amounts of Mycolic acid |
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TB in bones?
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Potts disease
*dont confuse with Potts=scrotal cancer in chimney sweeps |
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Mycobacterium sp?
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M. tuberculae - upper airway (Ghon focus and complex>caseous necrosis)
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LPS induces complement via?
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Alternative pathway... attaches C3b automatically
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Virulence of Strep pneumoniae?
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Capsule
IgA protease |
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Lactic acid bacteria?
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Lactobacillus and Strep... produce lactic acid
Aciduric and acidogenic |
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When E.coli is pathogenic what 3 problems can it cause?
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1. intestinal problems (obvious)
2. UTIs 3. Neonatal meningitis |
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IgA protease bacteria?
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"Niece Strip of Haem"
Neisseria Strep Pneumonae Haemophilus influenzae |
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Pseudomonas auriginosa toxicity?
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Exozyme S and Exotoxin A
think "SeudomonAs" Opprotunisitc pathogen with antibiotic resistance |
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Localized Agressive Perio
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Aa (the long one)
Capnocytophagia orchacnus |
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Generalized Aggressive Perio
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Prevotella and Eikonella
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ANUG
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Prevotella and Spriochetes (Treponema denticola)
Mainly Anaerobic |
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Root caries
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Actinomycetes
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Subacute bacterial endocarditis from dental plaque
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Strep Sanguis, Strep viridans
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Chronic perio
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porphyromonas gingivalis with many of the others
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Exotoxin A of P.aruginoas and Diptheria toxin mechanism?
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causes ADP ribosylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (kills cells)
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Lysozyme mechanism?
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Cleaves bond between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine (peptidoglycan) of cell wall
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