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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hominin |
Colloquial term for members of the evolutionary group that includes modern humans and now-extinct bipedal relatives. |
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species |
A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. Members of one species are reproductively isolated from members of all other species (i.e., they cannot mate with them to produce fertile offspring). |
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anthropology |
the field of inquiry that studies human culture and evolutionary aspects of human biology |
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evolution |
A change in the genetic structure of a population. |
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adaptation |
an anatomical, physiological or behavioral response of organisms or populations to the environment. |
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continuum |
A set of relationships in which all components fall along a single integrated spectrum (for example, color). All life reflects a single biological continuum. |
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culture |
Culture is a set of learned behaviors transmitted from one generation to the next by nonbiological |
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ethnographies |
Detailed descriptive studies of human societies. In cultural anthropology, an ethnography is traditionally the study of a non-Western society. |
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paleoanthropology |
the interdisciplinary approach to the study of earlier hominins—their chronology, physical structure, archaeological remains, habitats, and so on. |
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primate paleontology |
the study of fossil primates, especially those that lived before the appearance of hominins. |
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osteology |
the study of skeletal material |
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bioarchaeology |
the study of skeletal remains from archaeological sites |
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paleopathology |
the branch of osteology that studies the evidence of disease and injury in human skeletal (or, occasionally, mummified) remains from archaeological sites. |
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forensic anthropology |
An applied anthropological approach dealing with legal matters. Forensic anthropologists work with coroners and others in identifying and analyzing human remains. |
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primatology |
the study of the biology and behavior of nonhuman primates |
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quadrapedal |
using all four limbs to support the body during locomotion |
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ethnocentric |
viewing other cultures from the inherently biased view of one's own culture |
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natural selection |
genetic changes of certain traits due to differential reproductive success between individuals. |
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fixity of species |
the notion that species, once created, can never change |
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binomial nomenclature |
Carolus Linnaeus system of using two latin names to classify living things |
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taxonomy |
the branch of sciene concerned with the rules of classification |
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uniformitarianism |
theory that the earth's features are the result of a long-term process |
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fitness |
a measure of the relative reproductive success of individuals |
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reproductive success |
the number of offspring an individual produce and rears to reproductive age; an indiviuals contribution to the next generation |
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selective pressures |
forces in the environment that influence reprodutive success |
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genome |
the entire genetic makeup of an individual or species |
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proteins |
3-dimensional molecules that serve a wide variety of functions through their ability to bind to other molecules |
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nucleus |
a structure found in al eukaryotic cells that contains DNA and RNA |
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molecules |
structures made up of two or more atoms |
