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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Motivation |
Purpose and driving force behind actions. Internal or External |
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Primary motivation factors |
instincts - innate fixed patterns arousal - drives needs |
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Instinct Theory |
people perform certain behaviors because of these evolutionarily programmed instincts |
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Arousal Theory |
people perform actions to maintain arousal, the state of being awake and reactive to stimuli, at an optimal level. |
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Yerkes-Dodson Law |
performance is optimal at medium level of arousal |
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Drives |
internal states of tension that beget particular behaviors focused on goals. Primary: bodily processes Secondary: learning and include accomplishment and emotion |
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Drive Reduction Theory |
motivation arises from the desire to eliminate drives, which create uncomfortable internal states |
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Maslow's Heirarchy of Needs |
1) Psychological 2) safety and security 3) love and belonging 4) self-esteem 5) self-actualizing |
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Self-determination Theory |
role of three universal needs : 1) autonomy 2) competence 3) relatedness |
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Incentive Theory |
desire to pursue rewards and avoid punishments |
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Expectancy-value theory |
amount of motivation for a task is based on the individuals expectation of success and the amount that success is valued. |
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Opponent-process theory |
explains motivation for drug use: as drug use increases, the body counteracts the effects, leading to tolerance and uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms. |
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Components of Emotion |
1) Cognitive 2) Physiological 3) Behavioral |
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Universal Emotions |
Anger Fear Happiness Contempt Suprise Disgust Sadness SAD SF HC |
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Theory of Emotion: Jame Langer |
Nervous system arousal leads to a cognitive response in which the emotion is labeled Physiolgical response followed by emotion being labeled |
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Theory of Emotion: Cannon-Bard |
simultaneous arousal of the nervous system and cognitive response lead to action Physiological response and reeling emotion happen together |
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Theory of Emotion: Schachter-Singer |
nervous system arousal and interpretation of context lead to a cognitive response. Arousal followed by label of arousal for emotion to occur |
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Experience Emotion |
Amygdala- helps interprets facial expression Hippocampus- creates long term (eposodic) Ventral prefrontal cortex- experiencing emotion Ventromedial prefrontal cortex- controlling emotional responses from amygadala. |
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Stress Appraisal |
Primary: classifying potential stressor as irrelevant, benign-positive, or stressful Secondary: evaluating whether can cope with a stressor based on harm, threat, challenge |
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General Adaptation Syndrom Stages |
1) Alarm - rxn to stress 2) Resistance - sympathetic engages in fight 3) Exhaustion - no longer can maintain response |
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Distress |
unpleasant stressor |
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Eustress |
positive stressor |
