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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is transported in blood? |
Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide and nutrients |
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What protein is important in red blood cells for the carrying of oxygen? |
Haemoglobin |
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What are 3 features of red blood cells? |
Has no nucleus, has a biconcave shape and has haemoglobin. |
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When haemoglobin combines with oxygen, what is made? |
Oxyhaemoglobin |
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What vessels transport blood to the heart? |
Veins |
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What vessels transport blood away from the heart? |
Arteries |
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What vessels are involved in gas exchange? |
Capillaries |
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Describe the direction of blood flow through the heart. (vessels and chambers) |
Vena cava > Right atrium > Right ventricle > Pulmonary Artery > (Lungs) > Pulmonary Vein > Left atrium > Left ventricle > Aorta |
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Which side of the heart carries deoxygenated blood? |
Right |
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Which side of the heart carries oxygenated blood? |
Left |
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What is the function of valves? |
To prevent the backflow of blood |
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Which blood vessel contains valves? |
Veins |
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What is the feature of capillaries which makes them efficient in their function? |
They are one cell thick |
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What is the features of the trachea? |
Contain rings of cartilage, have cilia and mucus |
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What is the purpose of the rings of cartilage in the trachea? |
To help keep the airways open |
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Describe how the mucus and cilia work together |
The mucus traps the dirt/dust/microbes and the cilia beat the mucus upward towards the throat to be swallowed. |
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What is the name given to the tiny air sacs in the lungs? |
Alveoli (Pleural) or alveolus (singular) |
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List 3 features of alveoli |
They have a moist lining, they are one cell thick and they are surrounded by lots of capillaries. |
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What is the purpose of digestion? |
To break down large insoluble food molecules into smaller soluble food molecules to allow absorption into the bloodstream through the small intestine wall. |
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How does food molecules move through the digestive system? |
By the process of peristalsis. |
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How does peristalsis work? |
Peristalsisis a wave-like motion which occurs when the circular musclesin front of the food relax and at the same time circular muscles behind thefood contract pushing the food along. |
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Why is the small intestine efficient at its function? |
It has a large surface area |
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What gives the small intestine its large surface area? |
It is covered in lots of Villi (finger-like projections) |
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Name this structure |
Vilus (singular) or Villi (plural) |
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What are features of the Villi? |
They are one cell thick, they have a good blood supply and have a large surface area. |
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In a vilus, what is the purpose of the lacteal? |
To absorb fatty acids and glycerol. |
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In a vilus, what is the purpose of the blood capilaries? |
To absorb glucose and amino acids. |