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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the components of the ventricular system?
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2 lateral ventricles
Third ventricle Fourth ventricle |
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Where are the different ventricles located?
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Lateral ventricles: Telancephelon (cerebral hemispheres)
Third ventricle: Diencephelon Fourth ventricle: Hindbrain (between cerebellum, pons, and rostral medulla) |
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What are the divisions of the lateral ventricles?
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Anterior (frontal) horn
Body (central part) Atrium (trigone) Posterior (occipital) horn Inferior (temporal) horn |
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What are the boundaries of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle?
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Medially: septum pallucidum, fornix, genu of corpus callosum
Laterally: Head of the caudate Floor: Rostrum of corpus callosum |
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What are the boundaries of the body of the lateral ventricle?
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Extends from foramen of Monro to splenium of corpus callosum
Medially: Septum pallucidum Laterally: Adjacent to caudate nucleus Roof: Corpus callosum Floor: thalamus and choroid plexus |
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What are the boundaries of the atrium of the lateral ventricles?
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Posterior: Occipital horn of lateral ventricle
Superior: Body of lateral ventricle Inferior: Temporal horn of lateral ventricle |
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What are the boundaries of the posterior horn of the lateral ventricles?
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Medially: Calcar avis
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What are the boundaries of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricles?
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Roof: tapetum of corpus callosum
Medially: Tail of the caudate nucleus and hippocampus |
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What is connected by the interventricular foramen of Monro?
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Each lateral ventricle and the third ventricle
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What is connected by the cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius?
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Third and fourth ventricle
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What are the boundaries of the third ventricle?
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Bilaterally by thalamus dorsally and hypothalamus ventrally.
Anterior: lamina terminalis with anterior commissure dorsally and optic recess ventrally. Posteriorly: infrapineal recess dorsally and suprapineal recess ventrally. |
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What are the boundaries of the fourth ventricle?
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Roof: superior and inferior medullary vela and superior cerebellar peduncles.
Laterally: 3 cerebellar peduncles Floor: pons and rostral medulla |
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Where is choroid plexus found?
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Lateral ventricle
-Body, atrium and inferior horn Third ventricle Fourth ventricle Cerebral aqueduct Interventricular foramen of Monro |
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Where does CSF exit the fourth ventricle?
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Median aperture (foramen of Magendie)
Lateral apertures (Foramina of Luschka) Central canal |
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Where is the cisterna magna found?
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Posterior to the medulla and caudal to the cerebellum.
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Where is the quadrigeminal cistern located?
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Over the tectum of the midbrain.
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What is the location of the interpeduncular cistern?
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Straddling the interpeduncular fossa, anteriorly bounded by the membrane of Liliequist.
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Where is the chiasmatic cistern found?
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Surrounding the optic chiasm and pituitary stalk.
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What is the location of the callosal cistern?
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Immediately adjacent to the corpus callosum.
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Where is the sylvian cistern located?
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Filling the lateral (or sylvian) fissure.
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Where is CSF sampled during a CSF tap?
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Normally below the LV2 lumbar SP.
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Where is CSF sampled during a ventriculostomy?
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Lateral ventricle
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Where is CSF sampled during a lateral C1-2 puncture?
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Cervical subarachnoid space
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Where is CSF sampled during a cisternal tap?
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Cisterna Magna
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How much CSF is circulating at one time?
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150 ml
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How much CSF is found in the ventricles?
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25 ml
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How much CSF is in the subarachnoid space?
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50 ml
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How much CSF is in the cistern?
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75 ml
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Where is CSF produced?
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Most formed in choroid plexus, some produced by the flow of interstitial fluid over the ependymal lining of the ventricles?
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Where is CSF absorbed?
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CSF is absorbed in the arachnoid granulations (mostly in the superior sagittal sinus).
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What is the composition of CSF in the ventricles?
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15 mg protein/100 ml
75 mg glucose/100 ml |
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What is the composition of CSF in the lumbar cistern?
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45 mg protein/100 ml
60 mg glucose/100 ml |
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Where does obstructive hydrocephalus occur?
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Within or from the ventricular pathway.
-Foramen of Monro, cerebral aqueduct and outlet of the fourth ventricle. |
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Where does communicating hydrocephalus occur?
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After CSF has exited the ventricles.
-Subarachnoid space, arachnoid villi and cisternal pathways. |