Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Mini- Mental Status Exam |
orientation
attention and calculation (spell word backward) recall (name 3 objects, repeat after 5 minutes) write a sentence 3- stage command copy design dementia or delirium if <24 pts |
|
Treatment for Parkinsons |
#1 : Levodopa (Sinemet) Dopamine agonist: monotherapy or combo with Levodopa MAOI Anticholinergic |
|
Most common disorder of neuromuscular transmission. autoimmune disorder with variable weakness in occular, limb, and respiratory muscles (drooping eye). Weakness increases with activity but improves with rest hallmark symptom: fatigability |
Myasthenia Gravis |
|
Multiple Sclerosis symptoms |
fatigue, pain, balance problems, visual loss sensory symptoms: numbness, tingling, pins and needles, tightness, coldness, swelling of limbs and trunk |
|
neurological disorder with signs of hypotension, visual impairment and coma. Symptoms: confusion, ataxia, stupor |
Korsakoff's Syndrome (caused by chronic alcohol abuse) Labs: decrease in Thiamine (Vitamin B11) Treatment: high dose of Thiamine |
|
Alcoholism lab findings |
GGT: high (ALONE) AST/ALT: both high MCV: >100fL macrocytic |
|
first line therapy for depression |
selective SSRIs (4- 6 weeks to work up to 12 weeks) continue SSRIs for at least 4-6 weeks before changing medication follow-up after 2 weeks of beginning meds continue treatment for at least 4-9 months |
|
Pronator Drift (Barre Test) |
Neurological exam- patient stands with both arms fully extended at shoulder level, palms upward- hold poisition. If unable to maintain the results are positive. |
|
Factors for more adverse outcome of Multiple Sclerosis |
old age onset male persisting deficits in brain stem short first inter-attack intervals cerebellar involvement |
|
Trembling of hands, head, voice, or lips in elderly. |
essential tremors |
|
Parkinsons cardinal features |
tremor at rest: pillrolling bradykinesia (slow movement- major cause of disability) rigidity (resistance to passive movement) |
|
treatment of vertigo |
antihistamines: meclizine, dimenhydrinate benzodiazipines: alprazolam (Xanax), lorazepam time |
|
Acute pripheral facial nerve palsy usually caused by a virus (herpes virus) |
Bels Palsy |
|
What cranial nerve is affected with Bels Palsy |
CN VII |
|
Bells Palsy Diagnostic Criteria |
paralysis of facial muscles onset over 1-2 days; max by 3 weeks 85% signs of recovery in 3 weeks function returns in 3-4 months |
|
Bels Palsy treatment |
Prednisone |
|
Benign positional vertigo characteristic |
brief, recurrent change of position precipitates symptoms Dix Hallpike maneuver provokes symptoms |
|
sudden attack of intense, sharp, piecing stabbing facial pain |
trigeminal neuralgia |
|
trigeminal neuralgia treatment |
carbamazepine (Tegretol) |
|
moderate to severe migraine treatment |
triptans (Zoming, Maxalt, Imitrex) analgesics (bultabital) Ketrolol (Toradol) |
|
Moderate to Severe migraine prophylaxis |
Topamax, Depakote (Anticonvulsants) Propanolol (beta blockers) diltiazem, cardiem (CCBs) SSRIs |
|
Duration of Migraine headache |
4-72 hours |
|
unilateral headache that begins around eyes - excrutiating pain peaks within minuets |
cluster |
|
cluster headache duration |
30-90 minutes |
|
headache accompanied by red eyes, tears, rhinorrhea |
cluster |
|
bilateral headache with a pressing, bandlike quality |
tension |
|
headache exam red flags |
age >50 neck stiffness neuro deficits papilledema sudden onset in seconds or minutes "first or worst" focal neuro symptoms fever change in personality, mental status, LOC |
|
what controls mood?
|
Monoamine System- norepinephrine serotonin dopamine |
|
cluster headache duration |
lasts weeks to months (around same time every day) |
|
headache with pulsating quality, unilateral, aggravated by walking |
migraine |
|
CN I |
Oh Olfactory (smell) |
|
CN II |
Oh Optic (II eyes) |
|
CN III |
Oh occulomotor (eye movement) |
|
CN IV |
Trochlear - Topless (eye movement) |
|
CN V |
Trigeminal - Tiffany (touch, pain from face and head; chewing) |
|
CN VI |
Abducens - and eye movements |
|
CN VII |
Facial - Fat taste, facial expression |
|
CN VIII |
Vestibulolochlear - Vicky balance and hearing |
|
CN IX |
glossopharyngeal - got taste and swallowing |
|
CN X |
Vagus - vaginitis glands, digestion, heart rate |
|
CN XI |
accessory - and muscles used in head movement |
|
CN XII |
hypoglossal - herpes tongue muscle |
|
Cranial Nerve: Mneumonic Oh Oh Topless Tiffany And Fat Got Vaginits And Herpes |
Oh - Olfactory Oh- optic Oh- occulomotor Topless - trochlear Tiffany- trigimenal And -abducens Fat- facial Vicky - vestibulocochlear Got - glossopharyngeal Vaginits - vagus And - accessory Herpes hypoglossal |
|
Middle aged woman complains of chronic recurrent epsidoes of color changes on her fingertips in a symmetrical pattern. Colors range from white, red to blue. Complains of numbness and tingling. Attacks last several hours. Hands and feet become numb and cold |
Raynauds Phenomenon reversible vasospasm of peripheral arteries of fingers and roes autoimmune disorder treatment: CCBs |
|
OCD medication treatment |
antidepressants paroxetine (Paxil) setraline (Zoloft) fluoxetine (Prozac) |
|
seizures with blank stare |
absense (petit mal) |
|
seizure with awake state, breif jerking of limbs and trunk lasting seconds |
myoclonic, |
|
seizure of rigid extension or arms and legs |
grand mal |
|
seizure with awake state and abnormal motor function |
simple partial (Jacksonian) |
|
most common cause of stroke |
cerebral ischemia |
|
Cluster Headache treatment |
eliminate triggers (alcohol, tobacco) triptans NSAIDs oxygen |
|
What antidepressant should not be used in patients with bulimia nervosa? |
bupropion (Wellbutrin) can induce further binging or seizures |