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  • Front
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Phyla of the Bryophytes

Bryophytes:



Hepatophyta


Anthocerophyta


Bryophyta

Hepatophyta common name:

liverworts

Anthocerophyta common name:

hornworts

Bryophyta common name:

mosses

The life cycle of plants can be described by the term: "_________________________"

Alternation of Generations

Alternation of Generations
The fluctuation between a diploid sporophyte and a haploid gametophyte

The fluctuation between a diploid sporophyte and a haploid gametophyte

Unlike vascular plants, in all three bryophyte phyla the ______________ are the dominant stage of the life cycle:

Unlike vascular plants, in all three bryophyte phyla the haploid gametophytes are the dominant stage of the life cycle:

Phylum:


Structures:


Functions:

Phylum: Hepaticophyta (liverworts)
Phylum:

Phylum:


Structures:
Anthocerophyta

Phylum:


Anthocerophyta (hornworts)

Phylum:


Structures:


Functions:

Phylum: Bryophyta


(mosses)

Phylum:


Structures:

Phylum: Bryophyta (mosses)

1.


2.


3.


4.

1. Archegonial head (female)


2. Antheridial head (male)


3. Gemmae cups


4. Thallus

Subject:


Function:

Subject: Gemmae


Function: Asexual reproduction
Structure(s): Phylum:

Structure(s):


Phylum:
Phylum: Hepatophyta (liverworts)

Phylum: Hepatophyta (liverworts)
Structure(s): Ploidy:

Structure(s):


Ploidy:

Structure: Marchantia female gametophytes and archegonia with eggs


Ploidy: n

Subject:
Function:

Subject: Marchantia Archegonia and eggs


Function: sexual reproduction, production of sporophyte
Structure(s): Ploidy:

Structure(s):


Ploidy:

Structure: Marchantia Antheridiophore and antheridia (male gametophytes)


Ploidy: n
Structure (inner): Ploidy:

Structure (inner):


Ploidy:

Structure: Marchantia sporophyte


Ploidy: 2n
Phylum: Structure:

Phylum:


Structure:

Phylum: Anthocerophyta


Structure: Thallus
Structure

Structure:


Function:
Anotheros foot Function: holds the growing sporophyte

Anotheros foot


Function: holds the growing sporophyte

Phylum:


Structure:

Phylum: Anthocerophyta


Structure: Sporophyte
Subject: Function:

Subject:


Function:

Subject: Protonemata


Function(s): absorption of water and minerals, later develops into gametophore

Phylum:


Structures


Function:

Phylum: Bryophyta


Structures: Mnium protonemata


Function: production of young gametophytes

Phylum:


Structure:

Phylum: Bryophyta


Strcuture: Mnium sporophyte
Phylum: Structure:

Phylum:


Structure:
Phylum: Bryophyta Structure: Mnium archegonial head   Close up of archegonia and eggs

Phylum: Bryophyta


Structure: Mnium archegonial head



Close up of archegonia and eggs

Phylum:


Subject:
Function:

Phylum: Bryophyta Subject: Mnium Antheridia Function: Sexual reproduction

Phylum: Bryophyta


Subject: Mnium Antheridia


Function: Sexual reproduction

All ______________ have spore-forming leaves

Monilophytes, or seedless vascular plants

Monilophyta groups:

Lycophyta (club mosses)


Pterophyta (ferns, whiskferns, horsetails)
Phylum: Structures:  

Phylum:


Structures:
Phylum: Monilophyta  

Phylum: Monilophyta
Phylum: Group: Structure: Function:

Phylum:


Group:


Structure:


Function:

Phylum: Monilophyta
Group: Pteropsida (true ferns)
Structure: Indusium covering sorus
Function: protection of sporangia
Phylum: Genus: Common name:

Phylum:


Genus:


Common name:

Phylum: Monilophyta


Genus: Equisetum


Common name: horse tail
Phylum: Genus: Common name:

Phylum:


Genus:


Common name:

Phylum: Monilophyta


Genus: Psilotem


Common name: whisk fern

Structures:

Shoot meristem


and primordial leaves

Structure:
Root meristem

Root meristem
Lycopodium strobilus cross-section   (cone-like structure)  

Lycopodium strobilus cross-section



(cone-like structure)

Phylum:


Genus:


Structure:


Function:
Phylum: Monilophyta Structure: Psilotum sporangium Function:

Phylum: Monilophyta


Structure: Psilotum sporangium


Function:
Phylum: Cross-section of:

Phylum:


Cross-section of:

Phylum: Lycophyta (club mosses)


Cross-section of: strobilis



Fun fact: highly flammable spores were once used to ignite air and kill flies
Cross-section of: Vascular tissues:

Cross-section of:


Vascular tissues:

Cross-section of: horsetail stem


Vascular tissues: xylem (inner "holes") and phloem (surrounding xylem)