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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Adaptation |
The increase in resistance to the stressor |
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The keys to continued beneficial adaptation to the stress is |
Timely removal of the stimulus (exercise) for recovery; reapplication of an often-increased stress (progressive overload) |
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Hormones |
Chemical messengers or signals that are synthesized, stored, and released into the body by endocrine glands |
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General Adaptation Syndrome |
Refer to how the adrenal gland responds to a noxious stimulus (stressor) |
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Neuroendocrinology |
The stidy pf interactions between the nervous system and endocrine system |
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_______ and _______ secretion of a hormone means that the cell releases the hormone to act upon the cell itself |
Intracrine and autocrine |
Via binding into intercelluar and membrane receptors respectively |
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_______ secretions of hormones involves the release of a hormone to interact with adjacent cells without moving into the blood circulation |
Paracrine |
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_______ ________, whether bound to a cell receptor or circulating in blood are major players in endocrine function |
Binding proteins |
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Muscle remodeling |
The disruption and damage of fibers, Ann inflammatory response, degradtion of damage proteins, hormonal and other signal interactions, and ultimately the synthesis of new proteins and their orderly incorporation into existing sacromeres |
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Neuroendocrine immunology |
The study of the connection between the neural, endocrine, and immune systems |
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Lock and key theory |
One of the basic principles of endocrineology that any given hormone interacts with a specific receptor |
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Cross-reactivity |
A given receptor partially interacts with other hormones |
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Allosteric binding site |
Substances other than hormones can enhance or reduce the cellular response to the primary hormone |
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Downregulation |
The inability of a hormone to interact with a receptor |
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Categories of hormones |
Steroid, polypeptide, amine |
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Hormone-receptor complex |
When a hormone diffuses across the sarcolemma, the hormone binds and forms this |
H-RC |
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Polypeptide Hormone |
Made up of chains of amino acid; not fat soluble so cannot cross cell membrane |
HGH and insulin |
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Secondary messenger |
Inside the cell are activated by the conformational change in the receptor induced by hormone binding |
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Amine hormones |
Synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine (epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine) and tryptophan (serotonin) |
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A key concept is that physiological systems, including endocrine system, are sensitive to the needs of muscle, therfore.... |
The type of exercise protocol conducted will determine the extent of a given systems involvement |
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Hormones are secreted _________ the resistance exercise bout due to _______ |
Before, during, and after; physiological stress of resistance exercise |
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Ways to increase serum testosterone in boys and younger men (prepubescent or puberty) |
Large muscle group exercises; heavy resistance; moderate to high volume of exercise with either multiple sets, multiple exercises, or both; short rest intervals (30 seconds to 1 minute); 2 years or more of resistance training experience |
5 items |
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Diurnal variations |
Normal fluctuations in hormone levels throughout the day |
Recovery phenomena |
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Proteolytic enzymes |
Enzymes that breakdown proteins |
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