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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Origin of the word Nurse |
Comes from the Latin word “nutrire” (to nourish) and “nutrix” (nursing mother) |
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Who is Florence Nightingale? |
• Founder of modern nursing • Emphasised that training was essential for nurses • Established standards of care and nursing as a distinct profession • She founded Nightingale Training School (universal model for nursing schools) |
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What does the Graduate Nurses’ Association of the Province of Quebec do? |
o Legal authority for nurse registration (nursing was recognized as a profession) o Defined who could and could not become a nurse o Standardized nursing education programs o Responsible for Protection of the Public |
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What is a profession? |
An occupation based on the mastery of knowledge and skills which is used in the service of others. Members are governed by codes of ethics and commit to competence, integrity, morality, altruism, and promotion of the public good. These commitments from a social contract between a profession and society. Professions and their members are accountable to those served and to society. |
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What is a discipline? |
A branch of knowledge in one academic field of study. |
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What does the OIIQ do? |
Issue student and nursing permits. Responsible for entry to practice exams. Investigate complaints against nurses. Inspections. Create standards of practice. |
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What is the role of professional orders? |
o Ensuring the protection of the public, regulating, and overseeing the practice of the profession, fostering the development of the profession. o 46 professional orders in Quebec |
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What is the Nurse’s Act (OIIQ)? |
The practice of nursing consists in assessing a person’s state of health, determining and carrying out the nursing care and treatment plan, providing nursing and medical care and treatment to maintain or restore health and prevent illness, as well as providing palliative care. |
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What is a profession? |
An occupation based on the mastery of knowledge and skills which is used in the service of others. Members are governed by codes of ethics and commit to competence, integrity, morality, altruism, and promotion of the public good. These commitments from a social contract between a profession and society. Professions and their members are accountable to those served and to society. |
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What does the OIIQ Code of Ethics of Nurses do? |
o Guides our practice and defines our responsibilities toward protecting the public. |
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What is a metaparadigm? |
o “A metaparadigm is defined as the global concepts that identify the phenomena or central interest to the discipline, the global propositions (statements) that describe the concepts, and the global propositions that state the relations between the concepts. “ |
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Who made the four central concepts of nursing and what are they? |
Jacqueline Fawcett Nursing Person Environment Health |
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What are Nursing Theories/Conceptual Models/Approaches? Provide examples. |
o Distinct belief/value system about nursing and its practice. Guides curriculum, nursing practice and research. Ex. Virginia Henderson Need Theory Ex. Callista Roy Adaptation Model of Nursing |
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What are three things that guide nursing practice? |
o Nurse’s Act Article 36 o OIIQ Code of Ethics of Nurses o Nursing Theories/Conceptual Models/Approaches (SBN at ISoN) |
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According to the McGill Model of Nursing, what is the primary goal of nursing? How is this achieved? |
Health promotion Integrating the family Collaborative approach |
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What does health promotion entail? Provide examples? |
o Efforts aimed at increasing people’s control over factors that affect their health. o Clients build an understanding of the determinants of health and develop skills to improve and maintain their own health and well-being. o Ex. Health education, nutrition, sanitation, advocacy, community participation, and prevention of disease. |
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What are the three levels of care? Provide examples |
o Primary Care Healthcare provided by healthcare professionals (first point of consultation). Physician, nurse practitioner, school nurse... o Secondary Care Usually in a hospital, healthcare provided by specialists (cardiologists, dermatologists, urologists) o Tertiary Care More complex care/complex pathologies, teaching hospitals |
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What are the four underlying foundations of SBN? |
Person-Centered Empowerment Relational Innate Capacities |
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What does the SBN approach entail? |
o Focuses on what is working/functioning, what the person does well/best, and what resources are available to the person o Avoids labels, uses strengths to deal with concerns, positive language of hope o Places person at the centre of their care. Empowers people to achieve their own goals. o Empowerment helps the person experience greater control over their health and helps them attain their health goals |
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What are the eight core values of SBNH? |
1 Heath & Healing 2 Uniqueness 3 Holism & Embodiment 4 Subjective Reality & Created Meaning 5 Self-Determination 6 Person-Environment are Integral 7 Learning, Readiness, & Timing 8 Collaborative Partnership |
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What is the foundation of a therapeutic relationship built on? |
Mutual attentiveness Positivity Coordination |
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What are the three “A’s” of a therapeutic relationship? |
1 Attunement and awareness 2 Authentic presence 3 Attentive listening |
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Define what attunement is. |
How reactive a person is to another’s emotional needs and moods. |
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What are the four phases of a therapeutic relationship? |
1. Interaction Phase 2. Introductory Phase 3. Working Phase 4. Termination Phase |
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What are the seven steps of Evidenced-Based Practice? |
1. Cultivating Curiosity 2. Asking Answerable Questions 3. Searching the Evidence 4. Appraising the Evidence 5. Integrating Evidence into Practice 6. Evaluating Practice Change 7. Disseminating Results of Evaluation |
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What is the difference between an incident and an accident? When does the AH-223 form need to be filled out? |
o Incidents: events that did not reach patient but could cause harm o Accidents: events that reached patient causing harm or not o AH-223 should be completed in events that involve the care and service to a user. |
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When does the TNP need to be changed? |
o Concern/problem/need requiring clinical follow up o Concern/problem/need that affects clinical follow up o Concern/problem/need presenting significant clinical that that will affect clinical follow up |
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What is the role of a PAB? |
Helps patient with basic grooming, dressing, mobility, nutritional intake Relays pt status and changes to nurses, supervisor, or case managers |
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What is the role of a LPN? |
Participate in the assessment of a person’s state of health and in the carrying out of a care plan, provide nursing and medical care and treatment to maintain or restore health and prevent illness, and provide palliative care |
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What does the Quebec Professional Code C.26 do? |
o Identifies obligations for OIIQ and nurses. Helps define the practice of nursing within the professional system. o Governs the professional systems in Quebec; there are 46 professionals orders |
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What is the relationship between the Quebec Professional Code and the OIIQ? |
o The code gives the OIIQ the authority to establish conditions for access to the profession and other mechanisms for regulating its practice. |
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What does the Quebec Nurse’s Act do? |
o Defines the practice and boundaries of the nursing profession. o “The practice of nursing consists in assessing health, determining and carrying out the nursing care and treatment plan, providing nursing and medical care and treatment in order to maintain and restore the health of a person in interaction with his environment and prevent illness, and providing palliative care." |
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What does the Quebec Charter of Rights & Freedoms say? |
o Every human being whose life is in peril has a right to assistance o Every person has a right to non-disclosure of confidential information |
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What does the Civil Code of Quebec say? |
o Consent is required for care of any nature o Minors need consent of care from someone with parental authority o No person can be confined in an institution without consent or authorization by law |
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What does the Act Respecting Health Services and Social Services say? |
o Consent is needed for care of any kind. Record of a user is confidential. o Placing a person under control by any means is not allowed other than to prevent harm |
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What does the Organization and Management of Institutions Regulation say? |
o Every institution should keep a record of all beneficiaries who receive care there o Operations must be supported by a written document signed by beneficiary or legal representative and the attending physician |
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What does the Youth Protecting Act say? |
o If the security or development of a child is in danger, the situation must be brought to the attention of the director immediately. |
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What are the four main principles of nursing ethics? |
1 Autonomy of patients 2 Beneficence (intent of doing good) 3 Non-maleficence (pts have right to no harm) 4 Justice (pts must be treated equally) |
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What does the Quebec Code of Ethics of Nursing do? |
o Serves as a guide for nurses and imposes general and specific duties and obligations toward the public, clients, and the profession. o Regulates unacceptable conduct within the profession. |
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What does the OIIQ Le Conseil de Discipline do? |
o Reviews complaints. o Makes decisions/imposes sanctions. |
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What are three types of strengths? |
o Biological o Psychological o Social |
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What are four Essential Nurse Qualities? |
1. Strengths of Mindset a. Mindfulness, Humility, Open-mindedness, Non-judgemental attitudes 2. Strengths of Knowledge and Knowing a. Curiosity, Self-reflection 3. Strengths of Relationships a. Emotional Intelligence 4. Strengths of Advocacy a. Courage, Self-efficacy |
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What are the four phases of the spiralling process? |
1. Exploring and Getting to Know a. Focus on exploring concerns and getting to know patient and family. Assess strengths and weaknesses. Create conditions for collaborative partnership by establishing trust. b. Exploring important of health problem/concern/issue and the person’s beliefs related to the problem. c. 7 Types of Approaches to Get to Know the Patient i. Continuously look for strengths using a strengths-based mindset. ii. Get in touch with your first impressions, suspend judgements, and adopt an open mind. iii. Sensing, recognizing, and noticing strengths by noting information disclosed by the patient. (Regulation and self-regulation, attachment, and relationships, coping strategies.) iv. Becoming attuned to the person v. Ask people directly about their strengths by uncovering strengths unique to the individual. vi. Complete a genogram (family tree) and ecomap (social network). vii. Offer commendation through specific, positive feedback. viii. Ask about strengths that were developed through meeting past challenges. 2. Zeroing In a. Nurse assists patient in identifying and prioritizing goals. Step back and see whole picture to identify, and then prioritize good goals. Must consider person’s readiness to learn and strengths that need work to reach the goals. 3. Working Out a. Putting the plan developed in zeroing in phase into action. 4. Reviewing a. Talking with patient about current goal situation, progress, and what is left. |
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What is apprenticeship learning? |
Student nurses being trained by actual nurses o Experiential learning: learning gained from actual nursing o Situated learning: learning gained from specific context and patient |
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What are the eight sense for nursing practice? |
Auditory Olfactory Somatosensory Visual Gustatory Awareness of internal bodily sensations Awareness of an awareness (feelings and thoughts) Relational sensing (effect of the environment) |
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What does the Canada Health Act do? |
o Canadian Nurses Association helped amend language defining who are “health care professionals” o Federal funding for publicly funded health care insurance continued as long as provinces met certain criteria Public administration, Comprehensive, Universal, Portable, Accessible |
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What is the Public Health Agency of Canada’s mission? Who does the agency report to? |
o Reports to Parliament through Minister of Health o Mission is to “promote and protect the health of Canadians” |
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What are the levels of prevention? Their descriptions? |
Primordial Initiatives that prevent the condition that would enable the risk factors for disease from developing Primary Risks of illness, disease, injury are eliminated, Prevents the occurrence of disease, ‘interrupt the chain of causality’ Secondary The disease process is suspended before symptoms occur. Causal factors are not eliminated, but permanent sequelae is prevention through early detection or controlling the disease. Tertiary Impairment of disability from the disease process is halter. Reduce the negative effects one a disease has established itself. Quaternary Actions to identify individuals and populations at risk of overmedicalization. |
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What are the social determinants of health? What percentage do they affect your health? |
o 50% Your life o 25% Your healthcare o 15% Your biology o 10% Your environment |
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What are the two values of primary healthcare? |
• Social justice o Fair distribution of society’s benefits and responsibilities, and focuses on eliminating the root causes of inequities. o It involves the political, social, and economic structures of a society • Equity o “absence of avoidable or remediable differences among populations or groups” o Absence of systematic disparities in health between groups with different levels of wealth, power, or prestige. Closely related to human rights principles. |
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What is the motto for primary health care? |
“Health for all” |
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What are the five principles of primary health care? |
1. Accessibility a. Five types of healthcare: promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative, and supportive/palliative. 2. Public participation a. People participate in making decisions. Requires flexibility, responsiveness, and respect for diversity. 3. Health promotion a. Interventions aimed at increasing a person’s control over a health issue. To be effective, the intervention should reduce demands for additional care. b. 4 Key concepts of health promotion i. Determinants of Health ii. Empowerment iii. Health Literacy iv. Quality of Life 4. Appropriate technology a. Effective health care uses appropriate technology based on the health needs of communities. 5. Intersectoral co-operation a. Health and well-being are linked to economic and social policies (ex. education, transportation, agriculture, finance, housing, policing) |
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What is the definition of structural violence? |
o Social structures like economic, political, legal, religious, cultural, that stop populations from reaching their full potential. |
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What is the Two-Eyed Seeing Approach? |
Viewing the world using one eye in Indigenous world views, and the other in western ones. The approach combines traditional western medical and nursing knowledge and practices with Indigenous ways of knowing and being. |
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What are the four Rs of interpersonal communication with indigenous peoples? |
Respect – conveyed through an understanding and demonstration of regard and value of cultural knowledge, traditions, values, and activities Reciprocity – means there is mutual benefit from an interpersonal interaction, both parties learn from each other, give and receive information Responsibility – active participation in conversations about reconciliation, Indigenous events and activities Relevance – behaviours and action that occur when respect is embedded in learning of indigenous protocols, acknowledgement of land, dismantling structural racism |
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What are the three types of research? |
o Qualitative Collection of narrative materials, understanding the human condition, non-numerical and involves techniques like interviews and observations o Quantitative Involves precise measurement and quantification, data that is analyzed and presented statistically and mathematically o Mixed |
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What does the Canadian Nursing Association do? |
o CAN certification is nationally recognized nursing specialty credential for nurses, there are 22 specialities |
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What does the Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing do? |
o CASN is the national voice for nursing education, research, and scholarship and represents baccalaureate and graduate nursing programs in Canada. |
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What are the three Entry-to-Practice Nursing Informatics Competencies? |
1. Information and Knowledge Management a. Use relevant info to support EBP. Search and critically appraise literature to support clinical decisions. Uses ICTs to assist patient and families. 2. Professional and Regulatory Accountability a. Complies with legal and regulatory requirements, ethical standards, policies, and procedures. Professional judgement must prevail in the presence of technologies. 3. Information and Communication Technologies a. Appropriately uses ICT. To deliver safe nursing care. |
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What is workplace violence? |
o Harassment, physical assault, or verbal/physical threats from patient/family member/worker. |
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What is lateral violence? |
o “Behaviours intended to demean, undermine, or/and belittle a targeted individual working at the same professional level.” |
