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3 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Durkheim |
[FUNCTIONALIST] For him, social solidarity in industrial society is based not on uniformity but on difference: jobs are specialised yet function together to maintain the social unit. He believed that the division of labour could increase the interdependence of members of society and so reinforce social solidarity, because in order to produce goods and services more efficiently, members of industrial society must specialise in particular roles. Specialisation requires cooperation. For example, a large range of specialists are required to design, manufacture and market a particular product. Members of society are dependent on each other's specialised skills and this interdependence forms the basis of organic solidarity. |
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Marcuse |
[MARXIST]
He argues that work is 'exhausting, stupefying, inhuman slavery' and that, through the wages employees get paid, false needs are gratified in people's leisure time, in a 'euphoria of unhappiness'.
For him, the fulfilment of false needs means that 'The people recognise themselves in their commodities: They find their soul in their automobile, hi-fi set, split-level home, kitchen equipment', rather than in themselves or their relationships with others.
The fulfilment of false needs diverts attention away from the exploitative nature of capitalist society. At one and the same time false needs provide a highly motivated labour force which works for the money to consume and a steady market for industrial goods which stabilises the bourgeoisie profits.
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Blackaby |
[FEMINIST] Argued that in the workplace, there is often a 'Canteen culture' where men attempt to convey the message that the workplace is a male territory- by displaying page 3 pin-ups, or by engaging in conversations on 'masculine' topics such as technology or sports. |
