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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The role of the lymphatic system is to |
Drain and filter exudate |
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Exudate that contains abundant pus |
Purulent/suppurative |
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Exudate that is an abundant amount of fluid,but few cells and little fibrinogen |
Serous |
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Most abundant protein |
Albumin |
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Main function, regulation of osmotic pressure of blood |
Albumin |
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Exudate containing blood |
Sanguineous/hemorrhage |
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Exudate that is high in mucous |
Catarrhal |
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Exudate that contains large amount of fibrin |
Fibrinous |
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Acute inflammation of mucous membrane with associated formation of fibrin, necrotic epithelium, and leukocytes |
Pseudomembranous inflammation |
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Chemical mediator that comes immediate and is short lived |
Histamine |
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Chemical mediators that produces pain |
Complement and prostaglandins |
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Chemical mediators that sustain the response of inflammation |
Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, cytokines |
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Type of chronic inflammation characterized by formation of granulomas |
Chronic ganulomatous inflammation |
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Tumor like proliferation of inflammatory tissue |
Granuloma |
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Consists of granulation tissue and lymphocytes |
Granuloma |
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Healing process by which lost/destroyed cells are replaced by vital cells |
Repair |
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Types of repair |
Regeneration and repair by CT |
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Repair by same functional cells with restoration of normal function |
Regeneration |
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Repair that involves resolution of exudate |
Regeneration |
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Repair that replacement with scar tissue by fibroblasts |
Repair by CT |
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Repair that stabilizes tissue but normal function is not restored |
Repair by CT |
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Repair that involves organization of exudate |
Repair by CT |
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Decrease in diameter of blood vessels |
Vasoconstriction |
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Increase in diameter of blood vessel |
Vasodilation |
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Hyperemia with increased inflow of blood |
Active |
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Hyperemia that is decreased outflow of blood |
Passive |
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Initial congestion |
Stagnation of blood flow |
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Displacement of leukocytes to periphery |
Migration |
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Adherence of leukocytes to blood vessel wall |
Pavementing |
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Process by which leukocytes migrate out of the blood vessels |
Emigration |
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Directional migration of cells to site of injury in response to chemical substances |
Chemotaxis |
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Inflammatory extravascular fluid high in proteins and white blood cells |
Exudate |
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Injurious stimuli that causes inflammation |
Physical chemical biological and immunological |
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An example of physical injurious stimuli |
Ionizing radiation |
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An example of chemical injurious stimuli |
Aspirin burn |
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An example of biological injurious stimuli |
Plaque biofilm |
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An example of immunological injurious stimuli |
Autoimmune response, seen in RA |
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Cardinal signs of inflammation |
Redness Heat Swelling Pain Loss of function |
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Cardinal signs related to hyperemia |
Redness and heat |
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Cardinal signs related to edema |
Swelling Pain Loss of function |
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Systemic manifestations of inflammation |
Fever Leukocytosis Lymphadenopathy Elevated C reaction protein |
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Condition characterized by enlargement of lymph nodes |
Lymphadenopathy |
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Protein produced but the liver during acute inflammation and may remain during chronic |
Elevated c reaction protein |
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Decrease in diameter a blood vessels |
Vasoconstriction |
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Initial response in acute information |
Vasoconstriction |
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Increase in diameter of blood vessels |
Vasodilation |
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Localized increase in volume of blood to an area |
Hyperemia |
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Engulfment of particulate matter by leukocytes |
Phagocytosis |
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Plasma proteins found in exudate |
Albumin Complement clotting proteins Antibodies |
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Most abundant plasma proteins found in exudate |
Albumin |
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Plasma protein found an exudate that assists the immune response |
Complement |
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Predominate cells in chronic inflammation |
Lymphocytes and plasma cells |
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Phagocytes that are the first to appear at the site of injury |
Neutrophils |
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Phagocytes that are the second line of defense to appear at the site of injury |
Macrophages |
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Purpose of the inflammatory exudate |
Phagocytic cells to clear up microorganisms and debris Antibodies to destroy/neutralize microorganisms or toxins Neutralize and dilute the irritant by edema Limit the spread of inflammation by walking off with fibrin, granulation tissue, or scar tissue |
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The main purpose of the exudate is to initiate |
repair |
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Acute inflammation is characterized by |
Exudation |
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Chronic inflammation is characterized by |
Proliferation of granulation tissue/scar tissue |
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Predominate cells in acute inflammation |
Neutrophils |
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Predominate cells in chronic inflammation |
Lymphocytes and macrophages |
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The central collection of cells of a granuloma |
Macrophages |
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High regeneration tissue |
Epithelium of oral mucosa, epidermis and bone marrow |
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Intermediate regeneration of tissue |
Liver, bone, kidneys |
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Low regeneration tissue |
Cardiac muscle and neurons |
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Host resistant factors |
Age Blood supply nutrition Infection Systemic diseases Drugs |
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How does age promote healing |
Young age, more reserve cells, increase in blood supply, increase in immune response = |
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Examples of nutrition that promotes healing |
Vitamin A,C,E zinc and protein |
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Steps and wound healing |
Clot Removal of debris by phagocytes Epithelialization Formation of granular tissue Formation of scar tissue Shrinkage of scar tissue |
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What step in wound healing does the scab form |
Epithelialization |
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Step in wound healing that the proliferation and migration of epithelium bridges the wound edges at the surface and replaces lost cells |
Epithelialization |
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Initial tissue filling in the injured area which is formed by the proliferation and migration of CT elements |
Granuloma tissue |
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Step in wound healing where fibroblasts migrate and proliferate at the site of injury |
Formation of granulation tissue |
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Characteristics of granuloma tissue |
Dark pink/red in color Bleeds easily Soft friable consistency Granular texture |
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Step in wound healing where fibroblasts synthesize collagen transforming the granulation tissue into mature fibrous CT |
Formation of scar tissue |
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As the scar tissue develops the amount of collagen _______ and the vascularity ______ |
Increases Decrease |
