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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Describe the orderly, predictable process of development.
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Head to toe in a proximal to distal manner
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Infants with _ show stronger and more sustained primitive reflexes and may have delayed development of postural reactions.
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CNS injuries
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T/F - Postural reactions, such as the parachute, are acquired and not present at birth.
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True
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Persistent _ beyond 3moa is often the earliest sign of neuromotor problems.
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fisting
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Early rolling over, early pulling to a stand instead of sitting, and persistent toe walking may indicate _.
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spasticity
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T/F - beware younger than 18 moa hand dominance.
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True - can be sign of hemiparesis
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Most common domain to have delay.
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language
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Time period for optimal language acquisition occurs during _.
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1ST 2 years of life
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Single best indicator of intellectual potential.
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language
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When does object permanence usually develop?
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around 9 months, and can lead to Separatoin anxiety
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Toddlers exhibit parallel play during the _. They learn to play together and share at _.
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1st 2 years, play at 3 years
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Define Cerebral Palsy.
1) intelligence 2) effects |
Static encephalopathy caused by injury to developing brain in which motor function is primarily affected.
1) may be normal intell. 2) seizures, cogn. defi, MR, LD, sensory loss, Vis/Aud deficits |
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Diagnosis of Cerebral Palsy is based on _.
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repeated neurodevelopmental exams
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Types of Spastic Cerebral Palsy.
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diplegia: LE, scissoring
hemiplegia: Unilateral UE quadriplegia: all |
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Extrapyramidal cerebral palsy is suggested by _.
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athetoid movements (often also has oral motor involvement)
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Most common cause of learning disabilities.
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idiopathic discrepeny between a child's academic achievement and level expected on basis of age and intelligence.
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Autism
1) incidence/gender 2) clinical |
1) prior to age 3, males
2) difficulty in language to communicate (e.g. echolalia), can be self injurious |
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Asperger Syndrome
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Qualitative impairment in peer relationships and social interations with no clinically significant language delay
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Specific Criteria of ADHD
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1) symptoms before 7 yoa
2) symptoms more than 1 environment 3) impaired school/ relationship functioning 4) Inattention 5) hyperactivity 6) Impulsivity |
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Treatment of ADHD
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1) demystification
2) classroom mod's 3) educational assistance 4) counseling 5) Med's |
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1st line pharm agent for ADHD; 2nd line?
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1st: stimulants (e.g. methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine)
2nd: TCA or clonidine (esp. if tics/aggresion) |
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T/F - Methylphenidate can decrase growth velocity with change in overall stature.
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False - can decrease growth velocity but no effect overall
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Early identification of hearing loss should occur before _ to avoid delayed speech and language skills.
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6 months of age
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What class of drugs is associated with hearing loss? What organ system should be checked via what lab?
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ABX, renal via creatinine level
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Primary cause of blindness worldwide
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Trachoma infection
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What is colic?
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Crying that lasts > 3 hours per day and occurs > 3 days/week. Usually begins at 2-4 weeks of age and resolves by 3-4 months of age
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Urinary Incontinece beyond the age when the child is capable?
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Enuresis
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Define Primary vs Secondary enuresis.
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primary, never dry;
Secondary, 6 months previous dryness |
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_ can be a comorbid or etiologic factor in enuresis.
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Constipation
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Laboratory Evaluation of Enuresis.
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U/A, U Cx;
Imagine if necessary. |
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Treatment of Nocturnal Enuresis
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1) Demystification (lose blame)
2)Conditioning alarm 3) meds: DDAVP, TCA(e.g.Impiramine) |
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What is sleeping through the night?
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sleeping more than 5 hours after midnight for a 4 week period.
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When are nightmares common: age and stage? Recall?
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common after 3 yoa during REM sleep (can recall)
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When are night terrors common: age and stage? Recall?
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common between 3-5 yoa during non-REM stage 4 sleep, and child does not recall
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Abdominal pain/headache in the morning right before leaving for school and disapears on the weekend?
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School Phobia
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Temper tantrums are common when? Manipulative?
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1-3 yoa, not necessarily manipulative (inability to verbalize feelings)
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T/F - Breath holding spells are benign episodes, involuntary and harmless.
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True - but if precipiated by exercise/excitement and ECG may be indicated.
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Prerequisites for Toliet Training.
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1)understand lingo
2) prefer dry to wet/soiled 3) recognize bladder full/urge and tell caregivefr |
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T/F - before age 6 months, no discipline is indicated.
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True
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