Pedo 9

because primary teeth have relatively

1.large pulp chambers ,

2.more prominent pulp horns and

3.thinner enamel and dentin

unpleasant sensation

1.somatic pain

2.psychogenic pain

3.neurogenic pain

odontolgya

D.M

Hypertension

sickle cell anemia

leukemia

1.Small controllable amount of bleeding

2.Small pin - point exposure surrounded by sound dentine

1.Excessive uncontrollable bleeding

2.Large exposure with watery exudate or pus

a ) Periapical changes as widening PDL

b ) Rarefaction in supporting bone

c ) Calcified masses within pulp chamber and root cannal

4 ) Periapical and interradicular radiolucenies of bone

stainless steel crown

1to 1.5

remove coronal pulp tissue

vital teeth

reversible pulpitis

remove narcotic pulp tissue

non vital teeth

irreversible pulpitis

1. Deep caries , with vital pulp exposure of primary teeth

2. No history of spontaneous pain

3. Where extraction is contraindication

4. Slight amount of bleeding at exposure site

5. Normal clinical and radiographic signs

1.Radicular pulp involvement

2.Abnormal mobility

3.History of unprovoked pain

4.Presence of fistula or swelling

5.necrotic / irreversible damage pulp 6.Uncontrolled pulp hemorrhage

7.Pathological resorption of pulp

1.Preserve vitality of radicular pulp 2.Amputate infected coronal pulp 3.Treatment remaining pulp with medicament

4.Avoid dystrophic pulpal change Avoid breakdown of periradicular area .

primary teeth with carious exposure

19 % formalin ,

35 % cresol in a vehicle of

15 % glycerin and distilled water .

1.reversible

due to

week tissue fixative

antimicrobial action

low toxicity

2.irreversible

due to

strong tissue fixative

bactericidal effect

high toxicity

root resorption

The one step technique ( one visit technique )

The tow steps technique ( 2 visit technique , Devitalization )

1- Devitalization

Formocresol 19,35,15

Electro surgery

Laser :

2- Preservation

Glutaraldhyde 2-5%

Ferric sulphate15.5%

3- Regeneration

ca hydroxide 12

MTA 12.5

Glutaraldhyde

Ferric sulphate

1- Internal resorption :

2 - Alveolar abscess :

1 - A patient from family having un favorable attitude towards dental health and conservation of the teeth

2- Tooth , with gross breakdown that restoration would be impossible following pulp treatment

3 - A tooth with caries penetrating the floor of pulp chamber

4 - A tooth close to natural exfoliation

5 - A patient with poor general heath

★first day -» necrotic zone.

★after week -» fibroblasts.

★after 14 -» odontoblast.

★28 day -» reprative dentine or secondary dentine

high vascularity

rounded end

high speed carbide burs

no 329,330,256 245

1- No sensitivity to percussion

2- No history of pain following treatment

3- No radiographic evidence of periapical pathosis or root resorption

4- No clinical evidence of pulp exposure if the tooth was re-entered

pulp tissue ages early and less active undifferentiated mesenchyme cells

less active umscs

1.difficulty to obtain adequate access to the root canals in the small mouth of children and due to the

2.complexity in morphology of root canals having lateral branching and apical ramifications where removal of all radicular pulp content is impossible.

loss of sensation in a circumscribed area not perment damage to nerve endings.

1.It should not be irritating to the tissue

2.low systemic toxicity.

3.short time of onset.

4.long duration of action .

5.It should not cause any permanent alternation of nerve structure

1 - Local anesthesia

2 - Vasoconstrictor

3 - Preservative

4 - Isotonic solution

5 - Preservative

6 - Sterile water

1 ) -2 % lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine , most commonly used

2 ) -4 % articaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine

3 ) -0.5 % bupivacaine with 1 : 200,000 epinephrine- long acting

4 ) -3 % mepivacaine with 1 : 20,000 levonordefrin .

maximum dose 4.4

4.4×w.t ÷44

يطلعلك عدد الكربولات

كل 10 كيلو كربوله

÷2.205

posterior superior alveolar n

middle superior alveolar n

anterior superior alveolar n

grater palatine n block posterior teeth

naso palatine nerve block

1-Procaine -» short acting

2-Lidocaine -» intermediate acting

3-bupivacaine -» long acting

Cocaine

Benzocaine

Procaine

tetracaine

Lidocaine، Mepivacaine، Prilocaine، Etidocaine، bupivacaine

2m

N/S

Na chl

hydrogen beroxide

attack cardiac problem

Alternative restoration treatment

caries activities test

hand instrument technique

.

.

.

1.misodens

2.palatal midline .

maxilla

male 2:1

ectopic eruption

يعني سن طالعه ف مكان مش مكانها

gingival eruption

crossrmy 21

mangolzm

1.excessive saliva

2.large tongue

3.

4.

cingulum

accessory cusps

dentine

The primary and permanent dentitions are subject to variation in no . ,

size & shape of teeth and

the structure of the dental tissues

1.Genetic factors .

2.Environmental ( systemic or local ) 3.Combination factors .

➤ Hyperdontia ( Supernumerary teeth )

➤ Hypodontia .

Result from problems during the initiation of dental lamina stage of dental development producing extra or missing teeth

Crown size

macrodontia ( gemination & fusion Microdontia ( peg shape lateral incisors )

Root size .

Large root size 3|3

Small root size 5-2-1|1-2-5

1.Crown shape .

2.Accessory cusps .

3.Invaginated teeth

4.Evaginated teeth

1.Taurodontism .

2.Accessory roots .

3.Pyramidal roots .

Enamel defect .

Dentin defect .

Cementum defect .

Supplemental .

Rudimentary

Mesiodens .

Para molars .

Distomolars .

supplemental

supernumerary

mesiodens

mesiodens

1.Conical .

2.Tuberculate ( multicusped ) . 3.Supplemental

4.Odontome like types .

multicusped

T

the presence of a mesiodens palatally .

mesiodens

1.Palatal clefts

2.Cleidocranial dystosis

3.Gardenn's syndrome

1.Extraction

2.Surgical removal of impacted supernumerary teeth .

Absence of all teeth

Absence of most teeth

★maxilla ( ( mostly lateral incisors )

3rd molar 2nd mandibular premolar maxillary lateral incisors )

8-2|2-8

8-5|5-8

Hypodontia

1.Ectodermal dyplasia

2.Cleft lip & palate .

3.Down's syndrome .

Prosthodontics . Orthodontics

macrodontia

Macrodontia

T

primary dentition .

gemenation

counting no of teeth in the arch if there's deficiency means fusion .

Extraction of double teeth & supernumerary teeth

Double teeth

gemination

fusion

fusion

Peg shaped lateral incisor

Down's syndrome .

1.Extraction of primary teeth

2.Orthodontics .

3.Restoration by composite or porcelain veneer

1.More common in primary & permanent teeth.

2.In primary dentition the most common teeth are

Mesiobuccal aspects D¦D upper

Mesiopalatal aspects E¦E upper

3.In permanent dentition

cusps of carabelli of 1 " permanent molar .

maxilla than mandible .

1. grinding of cusps ..

2. removal of cusp& pulpotomy

dens in dente

More in upper permanent incisors particularly the lateral incisors .

Males more affected than females

1.Enamel lining incomplete

2.dentine missing

3.bacterial spreading into the pulp .

Patient complain of

1.acute facial cellulitis

2.acute dentoalveolar abscess

Antibiotic therapy

Endodontic treatment

Surgical removal

Seen in premolar teeth.

molar or canine

This may lead to

1.pulpal exposure -

2.periapical infection

3.necrosis infection

1.grinding of the tubercle .

2.Pulpotomy

3.Restoration of tooth .

evagenated teeth

T

Multirooted teeth .

Uncommon in primary teeth . =

Permanent dentition molar more affected .

Taurodontism found with a

1.amelogensis imperfecta ,

2.ectodermal dysplasia

Excess in no . of roots .

Branched roots in primary

Accessory roots in maxillary primary incisors & molars .

In permanent teeth _ upper incisor & upper canines .

t

Fused roots

RCT

extraction

1.Hypoplasia

deficient matrix

enamel thin , grooved , or pitted

2.Hypomineralization.

poor mineralization

mottled enamel

mottled enamel

colorado stain

yellow, brown

acute

لانه sudden onset

large does lead to

toxicity to

cardiac arrhythmia

dentinogensis imperfecta.

primary

bluish or brownish

amelogensis imperfecta

yellow to yellow brown

all dentition

hypoplastic

Hypomineralization

hard shiny

t

t

tt

enamel hypoplasia in primary dentition

localized enamel hypoplasia due to trauma in primary teeth

Snow capped teeth .

Incisal portion of anterior teeth are affected and to the occlusal portions in posterior teeth .

The affected areas of the crown are mottled with opaque white enamel .

Maxillary teeth more involved than mandibular teeth .

the maxilla incisors & canine are commonly affected .

1.infection

2.trauma

3.surgical

4.stress

cretinism

لان بيدير v.c

inter luken 1

codeine

polycythemia rubra vera

coma means loss of consciousness

crisis means exaggerated of attack

- Hypothermia

- Bradycardia

- Hypotension

- Epileptic seizures .

1.Seek immediate medical aid 2.Hydrocortisone ( 100-300 mg )

3.CPR as indicated .

Increased in tongue size •

Delayed eruption of teeth

• Malocclusion

Gingival edema

thyroid storn

1.Severe symptoms of thyrotoxicosis -2.Febrile

3.-Abdominal pain

3.-Delirious , obtunded or psychotic

Osteoporosis

Early eruption of permanent teeth

Early shedding of deciduous teeth

Early jaw development

epsilon amino caproic acid

حمض إبسيلون أمينو كابرويك

1 - desamino - 8 - darginine vasopressin ( DDAVP )

irregular is size

irregular is shape

1.Dextrostic - blood

2.Clinistix- glycosuria by the patient .

3.impaired fasting glucose - 110 < 126 mg / dl

4.impaired glucose tolerance - 140 < 200mg / dl

< 7 % no diabetic

7-9 % patient control

> 10 % patient not control

benign hemorrhagic telangiectasiasa

pulmmer vension syndrome

patterson kelly syndrome

microcytic- hypochromic anemia

1.sore mouth

2.glossitis

3.In rare cases infection and bleeding complications →

4.pallor of oral mucosa .

5.slow wound healing

6.Angular cheilitis

complete blood coat

contraindications G.A

★addison anemia

malabsorption of vit b12

★addison disease

insufficiency of adrenal gland

pernicious anemia

pernicious anemia

SCA, precipitate crisis

30s to 2 minutes

glycerin trinetrit sublingual

morphen salfet 15mg im

green tea

complete loss of tooth, displasment of tooth out alvolar or out scok

below ooclusal plane in child

vit b12 & b complex

2 weeks

hard setting ca hydroxide

carcenogeni

mummification

or fixation of all radicular pulp

need to pulpotomy

mineral trioxide aggregate

12.5

objectives, indications and contra

.

12

amalgam

non vital permanent teeth

open apex.

apical closer by ca hydroxide, MTA

vital pulp with open apex

use splint&RCT.

microbial disease due to destruction of organic and inorganic,

demeniralization of tooth structure

stainless steel crown

exto-space mentiner

1.ray's syndrome.

2.respiratory depression

3.obartion late dilevary.

4.toxic and bleeding

lymphadenopathy

candidosis

infection

bell's palsy

mobility of tooth

enlarge of parotied gland

trigemenal nurolgia

gingival, bleeding, ulcers, enlargement

ecchymosis, petechia

care for special child needs

non setting CA (OH) 2

hard setting ca hydroxide

stainless steel crown

ca hydroxide

one visit

2 visit

3visit نسموها

mortal pulpotomy

يعني بنحولوها من vital to non vital

لو bleeding ما وقفش بعد 2m

.

1.L.A with isolation by rubber dam

2.remove coronal pulp tissue زي pulpotomy

3.remove as much as possible form root canals with brabed broaches.

proferation حاول ماديرش

3.irrigation canals by n/s

4.dry canals by sterile p.p

5.obturate the canal with ZOE

used condenser to condens material in to canal

6.final restoration

uncooperative patient.

cooperative patient.