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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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- Also known as emotional wellness
- A broadly based concept pertaining to cognitive functioning in conjunction with the way people * Express emotions * Cope with stress, adversity, and success * Adapt to changes in themselves and their environment |
Psychological Health
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- Biological factors
- Psychological factors (mind, body, connection, interconnection) - Social factors Positive self-concept (Internal self) Positive self-esteem ( asense of pride in yourself) Higher level of emotional intelligence (Know how to manage ones emotions) |
Biopsychological model
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- Accept themselves and others
- Like themselves (Love yourself) - Give and receive care, love, and support - Express full range of emotions (positive and negative) - Accepts life’s disappointments - Accept their mistakes - Express empathy and concern for others (Care about other people) - Take care of themselves (Make time for you) - Trust others as well as themselves - Establish goals (Long term and short term) - Can function both independently and interdependently ( A good marriage) - Lead a health-enhancing lifestyle (Exercise; all six dimensions of health) |
Characteristics of Psychologically Healthy People
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- Having pride in yourself
- Treating yourself with respect - Considering yourself valuable, important, worthy - Feeling good about yourself - Having self-confidence, being self-assured - Accepting yourself * Over sensitive * Critical of your self * Poor self concept of you * Avoid taking risks because you don't want to "rock the boat" Low self-esteem |
Self-Esteem
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Ability to understand others and act wisely in human relations
Five primary domains: - Know your emotions - Manage your emotions - Motivate yourself - Recognize emotions in others - Handle relationships |
Emotional Intelligence
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Five primary domains of emotional intelligence
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- Know your emotions
- Manage your emotions - Motivate yourself (be highly productive) - Recognize emotions in others (Know when you need to back off) - Handle relationships (Interpersonal relationships) |
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Specific patterns of behavior and traits that identify and characterize an individual
Thoughts Feelings Behaviors Motivation Instinct Temperament |
Personality
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Two factors that can influence personality
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nature (innate factors)
nurture (environmental factors) |
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The innate factors that genetically determine personality traits
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Nature
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The effects that the environment, people, and external factors have on personality
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Nurture
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Self-actualization: The highest level of psychological health at which one reaches her or his highest potential and values truth, beauty, goodness, faith, love, humor, and ingenuity
Basic needs: Essential and fundamental needs Metaneeds: Secondary concerns that can be addressed only after basic needs are met |
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs
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Sense of purpose, direction, and awareness
Morals, ethics, intrinsic values, and beliefs |
Other Characteristics that Influence Psychological Health: Spiritual health
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Persistence
Independence Nonconformity Motivation Curiosity |
Other Characteristics that Influence Psychological Health: Creative expression
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Verbal communication—be a skilled sender and listener
Nonverbal communication—facial expression, eye contact, personal space, body posture Managing conflict * Listen * Focus on what to say and how to say it * Use assertive communication with “I” statements. (Accept "valid" criticism) * Cultivate a sense of humor to build a positive outlook on life |
Keys to Psychological Health.
Develop communication skills to foster improved social relationships |
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Optimistic Approach to Life: Learned helplessness (Pavlov) vs. learned optimism (Seligman)
Three key factors: |
Permanence—“never,” “always,” “forever”
* Pessimists view causes of bad events as permanent and tend to give up easily Pervasiveness * Universal explanations vs. situation specific explanations - Personalization * Internal vs. external explanatory style |
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- Change thoughts and beliefs
- Create strategies for solving problems - Be persistent, work to overcome obstacles |
Optimistic Approach to Life: Building optimism—reframe thinking about events
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- Construct mental pictures
- Accept mental pictures - Undertake new experiences - Reframe mental pictures |
Proactive Approach to Life: Proactive approach promotes better control of one’s overall life
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Mood disorders
Anxiety disorders Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Schizophrenia |
Psychological Disorders
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- Affects about one in ten Americans
- Symptoms include * Depressed mood * Lack of motivation, lack of interest in usual activities * Social withdrawal * Disturbed sleep, eating habits - Risk factors * Family history * Environmental factors |
Mood Disorders: Depression; Affects
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- Counseling
- Medication - Herbal supplements? - Exercise - Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) |
Mood Disorders: Depression; Treatments
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- Develops in response to changes in the seasons
- Treatments Counseling Antidepressant medications Light therapy |
Mood Disorders: Seasonal Affective Disorder
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- Third leading cause of death for young adults
- Men have higher rates of suicide than women - Risk factors include * Little or no social support * Family history of mental illness and/or suicide * Problems with drugs or alcohol * Possession of a firearm |
Suicide
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- Characterized by alternating episodes of depression and mania
- Symptoms of mania * Excessive energy * Racing thoughts and rapid speech * Impulsive and/or reckless behavior - Treatment * Psychotherapy * Mood stabilizing medications |
Mood Disorders: Bipolar Disorder
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- Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Intensity and frequency of worry that is excessive and out of proportion to the situation - Panic disorder - Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) - Phobias (social phobia, specific phobia) - Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) |
Anxiety Disorders
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- An estimated 15 million Americans suffer from ADHD
- Symptoms often seen in adult cases: * Difficulty getting organized * Chronic procrastination * Frequently searching for high stimulation * Low tolerance for frustration * Low self-esteem |
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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Characterized by profound distortion of thinking, emotion, perception, and behavior
Symptoms may include: - Delusions - Hallucinations - Disorganized thinking and speech - Catatonic behavior - Treatment with antipsychotic medications and psychotherapy |
Schizophrenia
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Treatment often focuses more on medical management and less on talking through problems
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Health Providers for Psychological Disorders: Psychiatrists (MDs)
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Includes a variety of subspecialties
Treatment generally focuses on behavior therapy and problem solving |
Health Providers for Psychological Disorders: Psychologists
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Counselors
Social workers |
Health Providers for Psychological Disorders
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Focuses on forces underlying an individual’s problems; may look at early childhood experiences
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Approaches in Treating Psychological Disorders: Dynamic therapy
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Client-centered approach based on idea that people can naturally grow in positive and constructive ways
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Approaches in Treating Psychological Disorders: Humanistic therapy
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Focuses on behavior modification
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Approaches in Treating Psychological Disorders: Behavior therapy
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Focuses on changing cognitive patterns in order to change behavior and emotional state
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Approaches in Treating Psychological Disorders: Cognitive-behavioral therapy
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Goal-oriented approach that stresses looking for solutions rather than dwelling on problems
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Approaches in Treating Psychological Disorders: Solution-focused therapy
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- Couples and family therapy (3rd party)
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Approaches in Treating Psychological Disorders
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Psychologically healthy people tend
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establish long and short term goals.
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Self motivation is a domain with in which aspect of psychological health?
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emotional intelligence
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In which type of therapy are clients encouraged to envision a future in which their problems are no longer a dominant force in their lives?
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Solution-focused
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Which form of therapy is especially effective in treating obsessive-compulsive, eating, and mood disorders?
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Behavioral Therapy
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Which of the following is false regarding nonverbal communication?
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It is not a very powerful means of communication
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Nonverbal communication includes all of the following except:
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the environment
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Maslow differentiated between two different categories of needs which are
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basic needs and metaneeds
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People with spiritual health
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seek meaning and purpose in their lives
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Which of the following chemicals is said to be deficient in people with depression?
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serotonin
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Bipolar disorder is most commonly treated with
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drug therapy and psychotherapy.
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Nonverbal communication can be important aspect of the message being communicated
(T or F) |
True
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People with low self-esteem have difficulty being by themselves. (T or F)
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True
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Maslow proposed that our "metaneeds" must be satisfied before our "basic needs." (T or F)
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False
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Treatment focused therapy is especially effective in treating anxiety disorders.
(T or F) |
False
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Counselors must have a license in addition to their master's degree.(T or F)
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False
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Psychiatrists are medical doctors. (T or F)
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True
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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is an anxiety disorder. (T or F)
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False
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Suicide risk factors include family history of substance abuse. (T or F)
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True
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About one in ten Americans suffers from some form of depression.(T or F)
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True
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Optimism can be learned.
(T or F) |
True
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Provides support; group members can also learn from one another’s experiences
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Group therapy
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To be a skilled sender and listerner
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Verbal Communication
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Facial expression, eye contact, personal space, body posture
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Nonverbal Communication
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- Listen
- Focus on what to say and how to say it - Use assertive comunication with "I' statements |
Managing conflict
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never,” “always,” “forever”
Pessimists view causes of bad events as permanent and tend to give up easily |
Permanence
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Universal explanations vs. situation specific explanations
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Pervasiveness
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Internal vs. external explanatory style
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Personalization
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This is considered to be the cornerstone of emotional intelligence and relates to how much self awareness and insight you have
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Knowing your emotions
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How well you can express your feelings appropriately and cope with your emotions?
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Managing your emotions
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People who can motivate themselves tend to be more highly productive and independant than those who rely on external sources for motivation
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Motivating yourself
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Another aspect of emotional intelleignece is the degree of empathy you have or how sensitive you to the feeling of others and how you relate to other people.
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Recognizing emotions in others
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the more interpersoanlly effective you are and the more you are able to negotiate conflict and build a social support network, the more emotional intelligence you possess.
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Handling relationships
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