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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Personality
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The dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his characteristic behavior and thought.
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Becoming
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Allport saw personality as striving toward unity and as continually evolving and changing. The person was in this state
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Genotype
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The underlying tendency
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Phenotypes
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The reaction to the genotype, hellion at home; angel at school.
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Psychophysical systems
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Personality consists of both mind and body elements organized into a complex, inextricable unity
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Temperament
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The characteristic phenomena of an individual's emotional nature, including his susceptibility to emotional stimulation, his customary strength and speed of response, the quality of his prevailing mood, and all peculiarities of fluctuation and intensity in mood.
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Trait Theory
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Revolves around the different kinds of traits that are contained in the self
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Proprium
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Self
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Trait
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Is something that actually exists but is invisible,A generalized and focalized neuropsychic system with the capacity to render many stimuli functionally equivalent and to initiate and guide consistent forms of adaptive and expressive behavior.
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Cardinal Traits
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Characteristics that are pervasive and dominant in a person's life
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Central Traits
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Characteristics that control less of a person's behavior but are nevertheless important
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Secondary Traits
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Characteristics that are peripheral to the person-preferences
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Common Traits
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categories for classifying groups of people on a particular dimension
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Personal Dispositions
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A unique characteristic of the person, a trait not shared with others
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Proprium Stages
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The bodily self, self-identity, self-esteem, self-extension, self-image, the self-as-rational -coper, propriate striving, the self-as-knower
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The Bodily Self
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Happens in infancy; the realization of our body and its messages
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Self-Identity
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First 18 months of life; The creation of a identity of one's self
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Self-Esteem
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Second and Third year of life; Pride and humiliation, the testing of boundaries especially authority figures
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Self-Extension
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4-6 Years of age; In the early stages is selfishness; in the later stages it is unselfishness
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Self-Image
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Learned expectations of the roles we are required to enact and aspirations for the future we seek to attain
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The self-as-rational-coper
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6-12 years of age; Exercising rationale to deal with problems
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Propriate Striving
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Begins at age 13; involve the deliberate increase or maintenance of tensions in the service of important goals
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Peripheral motives
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Impulses and drives-striving toward the immediate gratification of needs and reductions of tension
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The self-as-knower
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Adulthood;Integrating all prior aspects of the proprium in a unified whole.
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Mature Personality
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Only the adult is capable of coming close to self-relization.
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Functional Autonomy
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The moving away from adolescence to being able to function as an adult, immature strivings and that characterized by mature motives
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Maturity
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Those able to free themselves from excessive reliance on earlier motives
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Characteristics of Maturity
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Extension of the sense of self, Warm relatedness to others, Self-acceptance, realistic perception of reality, self-objectification, unifying philosophy of life
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Extension of the sense of self
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Not concerned only about own welfare but also about the welfare of others
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Warm relatedness to others
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Intimacy - the capacity for love, compassion -
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Self-Acceptance
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Avoid overreacting to matters that are beyond their control, tolerance for a high level of frustration
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Realistic perception of Reality
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Problem-centered not ego-centered; Do not bend reality
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Self-objectification
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Insight into own abilities, see absurdity in life and not overwhelmed by it. Correlated with humor.
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Unifying philosophy of life
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A clear comprehension of life's purpose in terms of an intelligible theory
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Therapy Implications
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Feeling of insecurity or society pressure can cause for the underdevelopment of personality traits
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Comprehensiveness of Allport's Theory
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It is eclectic, learning theory, psychoanalysis and existentialism. Largely limited to healthy development. Little attempt to explain social factors.
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Precision and testability
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No tests available to test theory with ill-defined concepts
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Parsimony
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Has too few concepts to account for the phenomena of self-development
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Heuristic Value
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Still relevant and still studied today.
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Applied Value
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Not valued outside of psychology but is great for clinical psychologists.
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