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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anxiolytics are believed to...
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increase an inhibitory neurotransmitter called GABA
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Which drug category, if ordered PRN, would a nurse administer to a client reporting feelings of dread, pacing with the jaw clenched, and hyperventilating?
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Anxiolytics
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a sedative-hypnotic medication used to treat insomnia
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zolpidem (Ambien)
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Align PCP with
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unpredictability or instability
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After a client ingested phencyclidine (PCP)
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Prevent injury to self and others for 48 hours
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an anesthetic drug used by veterinarians resulting in sensations that extend from euphoria, to peace, to violence, to coma
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phencyclidine (PCP)
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risk of agranulocytosis
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clozapine (Clozaril)
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When taking clozapine (Clozaril)
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WBC count needs to be monitored weekly during the first 6 months because of the risk for severe agranulocytopenia
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the full effect of this drug may not occur for 1-4 weeks.
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sertraline (Zoloft)
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an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) type
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sertraline (Zoloft)
*usually reaches an initial therapeutic effect within 1 to 4 weeks |
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the commonly seen symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol or other CNS depressants
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diaphoresis
confusion fever of 100° F insomnia anxiety/unable to sit still |
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Valerian root has a primary action of
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sedation with agitation, headache, and insomnia as common side effects
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to avoid the use of Valerian root when taking
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alprazolam (Xanax)
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The most serious side effect of carbamazepine (Tegretol) is
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agranulocytosis (low white blood cell count)
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the most common extrapyramidal side effect of haloperidol (Haldol)
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Akathisia (inability to sit)
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an atypical antidepressant that is used more for insomnia than for depression
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trazodone (Desyrel)
*increases total sleep time |
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Librium causes
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deeper sleep during stage 4 and increases total sleep time
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antidote for a benzodiazepine overdose
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Flumazenil (Romazicon)
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to alleviate the seizures that often accompany alcohol withdrawal syndrome
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Valium (Diazepam)
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given to a pt admitted to an alcohol detox unit 12 hours ago
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Lorazepam (Ativan)
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common side effects of imipramine (Tofranil)
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Orthostatic hypotension and cardiac dysrhythmias
*measure blood pressure and assess cardiac status |
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a common side effect of thioridazine (Mellaril), an antipsychotic
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Urinary retention
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commonly prescribed to reduce or eliminate psychotic signs/symptoms (ie. cocaine addiction)
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Haloperidol (Haldol)
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known to reduce the cravings for cocaine although this is an unlabeled use of the drug.
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Bromocriptine mesylate (Parlodel)
**Cocaine depletes dopamine and bromocriptine increases the release of dopamine |
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for a client taking risperidone (Risperdal)...
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Seizure precautions
Measure blood pressure q 4 hours Avoid performing activities requiring precision Measure capillary glucose (temporary hyperglycemia) |
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for a client on this drug, assess every 6 months with the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale
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fluphenazine HCL (Prolixin)
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Tardive dyskinesia, which results in irreversible damage, is a prominent side effect of
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fluphenazine HCL (Prolixin)
**Utilization of the AIM scale can provide early detection and prevent the severity of the problem |
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common side effects in females who are abusing testosterone
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Deepening of the voice, male pattern baldness, and edema
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for a client on this drug, serum levels should be drawn to prevent toxicity, which could result in peripheral circulatory collapse, edema, and weight gain
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lithium carbonate (Lithane)
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given to prevent the effects of alcohol withdrawal
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chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
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Associate haloperidol (Haldol) with
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neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
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Associate antipsychotic drugs with
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variable therapeutic outcomes
**monitor drug effectiveness to determine whether a good "fit" exists between the client's needs and the prescribed drug |
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Drowsiness, hypotension, tachycardia, and dyspnea can occur after administration of the drug especially in the older adult
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alprazolam (Xanax)
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Because the drug has an onset of 15-45 minutes, the client should fall asleep within 1 hour
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flurazepam (Dalmane)
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Severely restrict foods containing tyramine when taking
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phenelzine (Nardil)
[monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)] **could lead to severe hypertension and other complications |
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When taking an MAOI
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no tyramine
(coffee, chocolate, wine, cheese, beer, tomato, avocado, banana...) |