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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
What are the three subphyla within the Arthopoda?
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Subphylum Trilobita
Subphylum Chelicerata Subphylum Mandibulata |
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What are the three classes of Chelicerates?
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Class Merostomata
Class Pycnogonida Class Arachnida |
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What are the three classes in Mandibulata?
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Class Myriapoda
Class Crustacea Class Hexapoda |
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What are the four subclasses within Hexapoda?
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Subclass & Order Protura
Subclass & Order Collembola Subclass & Order Diplura Subclass Insecta |
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What two groups are within the apterygota?
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Order Thysanura
Order Archeognatha |
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Characteristics of Trilobita
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Extinct, antennae present, uniramous appendages which are undifferentiated
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Critters in Chelicerata (common names)?
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Scorpions, spiders, "sea spiders,"
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Characteristics of Chelicerata
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1st pair of appendages are chelicerae, 2nd pair are pedipalps, no antennae, prosoma (no head-thorax division)
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Characteristics of Merostomata
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Relic (4 spp), book gills, telson (tail spike)
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Orders within Merostomata?
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Order Eurypterida
Order Xiphosura |
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Critters in Eurypterida
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Extinct giant sea scorpions
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Critters in Xiphosura
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Horseshoe Crabs
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MAJOR apomorphy of Xiphosura compared to other Chelicerates???
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Compound Eyes
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Appendages of Chelicerates
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12 Total
- 1 pair chelicerae - 1 pair pedipalps - 4 pairs legs |
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Critters in Class Pycnogonida (common names)?
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Sea spiders
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Entirely marine
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Critters in Class Arachnida(common names)?
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Scorpions, daddy long legs, mites/ticks, spiders, pseudoscorpions, tailed & tailless whip scorpions, etc
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Apomorphy of Class Arachnida?
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Single median genital opening, 0-4 pairs of simple eyes
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What three characteristics of the Arthropoda have made them so successful?
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Exoskeleton - invasion of land and flight
Metamerism - allow limb specialization Short life span/high fecundity - higher rates of evolution |
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Describe the mouthparts of the Trilobita, Chelicerata, and Mandibulata
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Trilobita - gnathobases
Chelicerata - chelicerae (on seg. 3) & gnathobases Mandibulata - mandibles (on seg. 4) & gnathobases |
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Why are the mouthparts of the Chelicerates and the Mandibulates NOT homologous?
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They're on different segments
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Where are they...
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What are gnathobases?
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Spines on coxal bases which chew food & direct it toward mouthparts
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Arachnid excretion is via..
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Coxal glands or malpighian tubes (excreting crystals of uric acid or guanine)
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It's NOT homologous with other terrestrial arthropods
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Order Aranae
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True Spiders
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Modified Chelicerae into fangs...
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Order Acari
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Mites & Ticks
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Apomorphy: prosoma & opisthosoma fused
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Order Solfugae (Solipugida)
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Wind Scorpions & Sun Spiders
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HUGE forward pointing chelicerae
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Order Uropygi
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Whip Scorpions
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GIANT pedipalps
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Order Amblypygi
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Tailless Whip Scorpions
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No tail.. Harry Potter movie
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Order Opiliones
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Daddy long legs ("Harvestmen" if you're British)
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There's a myth that they have the most dangerous venom in the world, but don't have big enough mouth parts to bite...
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Order Pseudoscorpiones
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If you got this wrong, you need help.
Pseudoscorpions |
REALLY small
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Order Scorpiones
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Scorpions, duh.
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You seriously needed a hint?
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Apomorphy of Subphlyum Mandibulata?
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Mandibles
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How many ganglia in Chelicerates and why..?
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Only 2 - they lack the part of the brain that controls the antennae because they have no antennae
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Fewer than other arthropods..
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Class Myriapoda
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Centipedes, Millipedes, Pauropods, Symphylans (garden centipedes)
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Name means "many feet"
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Characteristics of Myriapoda
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no compound eyes, uniramous limbs, 1 pair antennae, trachea, malpighian tubules, often "anamorphic"
direct development, unwaxed cuticle, unclosable spiracles |
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Meaning of "anamorphic"
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Add body segments during development
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Clades of Myriapoda
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Chilopoda - centipedes
Diplopoda - Millipedes Pauropoda - Pauropedes Symphyla - Symphylans |
There are 4 of them...
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Characteristics of Pauropoda
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eyeless, 3-branched antennae, soil-dwelling, ~1mm long
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Characteristics of Symphyla
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eyeless, look like centipedes but NO poison, live in gardens
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Characteristics of Chilopoda
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1 pair of legs per body segment, duh.
posterior genital opening, predators, poison fangs, 7-segmented leg |
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Scolopendromorpha
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Huge freaking centipede
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Bat killer!
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Characteristics of Diplopoda
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2 pairs of legs per body segment, duh.
no poison, genital opening anterior, have a Ca2+ hardened cuticle |
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Diplopoda
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Millipedes
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Chilopoda
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Centipedes
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Critters in Class Crustacea
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Crustaceans.. but what we care about are the pillbugs (rollie pollies), woodlice, sideswimmers / scuds
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Apomorphy of Crustacea
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2 pair of antennae (2nd lost in terrestrial lineages)
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Why is there greater morphological diversity (yet fewer species) in the Crustaceans compared to insects?
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Lack of study
Aquatic - body form less constrained by gravity/air= greater diversity Ecological niches - most of ocean volument is not as complex ecologically compared to terrestrial niches Time - Crustaceans had 150 mil year head start on insects, more time for higher level groups (but this argues against the lack of spp.) |
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Characteristics of Crustacea
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3 tagma
- carapace (head + thorax) - abdomen biramous limbs |
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Definition of "biramous limb"
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Branched limbs
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Three subclasses under Crustacea
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Subclass Branchiopoda
Subclass Maxillopoda Subclass Malacostraca |
One subclass had 75% of the species
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Critters in Subclass Branchiopoda (common names)
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Zooplankton, tadpole shrimp
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Critters in Subclass Maxillopoda
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Barnacles
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Latch onto whales and ships
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Largest Crustacean Subclass
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Malacostraca
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Three orders under Subclass Malocostraca
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Order Decapoda - lobsters, crab, shrimp
Order Isopoda - rollie pollies, pillbugs Order Amphipoda - sideswimmers |
One of the orders has a cameo as lunch in "The Emperor's New Groove"
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Critters in Order Decapoda (common names)
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Lobsters, crap, shrimp
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Largest living arthropods.. and my lunch
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Critters in Order Isopoda (common names)
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Rollie pollies, pillbugs
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Cameo as lunch in "The Emperor's New Groove"
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Critters in Order Amphipoda (common names)
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Sideswimmers, scuds
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Laterally flattened
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Definition of "conglobation"
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To roll into a ball
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Not as bad as it sounds..
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